scholarly journals Anaerobic/aerobic integration via UASB/enhanced aeration for greywater treatment and unrestricted reuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 837-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein I. Abdel-Shafy ◽  
Mona S. M. Mansour ◽  
Ahmed Makki Al-Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
High Strength Level ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Abstract The aim of the present study is to achieve an efficient treatment of greywater for reuse in food crops' irrigation. For this purpose, anaerobic followed by enhanced aerobic treatment system was examined via both bench scale and pilot plant. The greywater was separated and collected from the source. The examined systems consisted of Up flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (UASB) followed by anaerobic aeration enhanced by Effective Microorganism (EM). The characteristics of the raw greywater were within a high strength level due to the presence of detergents, phosphates, oil and grease. The BOD5/COD was 0.75, showing that biological treatment to this greywater could be achieved. Treatment with UASB showed high elimination of oil & grease, BOD5, COD, total phosphates, and TKN in the range of 60 to 84%. However, TSS and ammonia were poorly removed. UASB effluent was further aerobically treated in a continuous aerated system where the predetermined optimum EM dose was added. Both aeration time and EM dose were previously examined to reach the optimum. Anaerobic/aerobic pilot plant in the continuing treatment was evaluated, where the final treated effluent successfully reached the permissible limits for unrestricted reuse according to the international regulation, namely FAO, WHO, US EPA and Egypt.

Advanced Monitoring of an Anaerobic Pilot Plant Treating High Strength Wastewaters

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 237-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Puñal ◽  
A. Lorenzo ◽  
E. Roca ◽  
C. Hernández ◽  
J. M. Lema
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The operation of an industrial pilot scale treating wastewater from a fibreboard-processing factory was monitored by an advanced system. The plant, an anaerobic hybrid UASB-UAF bioreactor (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket-Upflow Anaerobic Filter), was equipped with the following measurement devices: biogas flow-meter, feed and recycling flow-meters, thermometer Pt-100, biogas analyser (CH4 and CO), Hydrogen analyser and pH-meter. Other parameters such as alkalinity, Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) were determined off-line. All the on-line sensor measurements were monitored, through a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), which indicated about the plant failures, including the measuring devices (giving messages or alarms to the operator) and provided the set points for the PLC. The pilot plant was started-up at an initial Organic Loading Rate (OLR) of 2 kg COD/m3.d (Hydraulic Retention Time (HRT) 5 days and 10 kg COD/m3), this value increasing up to 10 kg COD/m3.d by decreasing HRT to 1 day. The behaviour of the bioreactor during start-up and steady state operation was studied. After that, an experiment was performed to analyse the response of the bioreactor to an organic overload. From the results, different variables were evaluated as useful control parameters. Monitoring of CO concentration did not permit the prediction of destabilisation of the bioreactor. However, H2 concentration is quite a sensitive variable, which must be analysed together with other parameters such as methane composition or gas flow-rate. Besides, alkalinity is easy to measure and provides immediate information about the state of the plant, as was shown through the off-line measurements.

Anaerobic/aerobic treatment of greywater via UASB and MBR for unrestricted reuse

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein I. Abdel-Shafy ◽  
Ahmed Makki Al-Sulaiman ◽  
Mona S. M. Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Water Reuse ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Oil And Grease ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Water Head ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Kjeldahl Nitrogen

The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficiency of integrated up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) as anaerobic system followed by membrane bioreactor (MBR) as aerobic system for the treatment of greywater for unrestricted reuse. Pilot-scale UASB and MBR units were installed and operated in the NRC, Egypt. Real raw greywater was subjected to UASB and the effluent was further treated with microfiltration MBR. The necessary trans-membrane pressure difference is applied by the water head above the membrane (gravity flow) without any energy input. The average characteristics of the raw greywater were 95, 392, 298, 10.45, 0.4, 118.5 and 28 mg/L for total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total phosphates, nitrates, oil and grease, and total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), respectively. The pH was 6.71. The UASB treatment efficiency reached 19.3, 57.8, 67.5 and 83.7% for TSS, COD, BOD5 and oil and grease, respectively. When the UASB effluent was further treated with MBR, the overall removal rate achieved 97.7, 97.8, 97.4 and 95.8% for the same parameters successively. The characteristics of the final effluent reached 2.5, 8.5, 6.1, 0.95, 4.6 and 2.3 mg/L for TSS, COD, BOD, phosphates, oil and grease and TKN, respectively. This final treated effluent could cope with the unrestricted water reuse of local Egyptian guidelines.

Combined anaerobic/aerobic (UASB + UBAF) system for organic matter and nitrogen removal from a high strength industrial wastewater

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Lacalle ◽  
S. Villaverde ◽  
F. Fdz-Polanco ◽  
P. A. García-Encina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Industrial Effluent ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Specific Substrate ◽  
In Series ◽  
Aerated Filter ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

The paper presents the experimental results collected from seven months of operation of a combined anaerobic/aerobic system treating an industrial effluent with averaged content of organic matter and nitrogen of 10.4 g COD /L and 790 mg NKT /L, respectively. The system was formed by an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and an upflow biological aerated filter (UBAF) connected in series, with a recycling line of the UBAF effluent into the UASB for its denitrification. The best results were obtained when operating the two reactors, UASB and UBAF, with hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 3.3 and 1.3 days, respectively, and a recycling ratio of 6.7. Under these conditions the system removed 98% of the organic matter and ammonia and 91% of the total nitrogen entering the system. The activity of the different microorganisms was followed through activity assays consisting of measuring the consumption or production rate of any specific substrate or metabolism product. Thus when operating the system under the aforementioned conditions the reported values for the specific activity of methanogenic microorganims and denitrifiers coexisting in the UASB were 1.05 g COD/g VS d and 32.08 mg NO3−-N/g VS d, respectively. While the activity of ammonia and nitrite oxidisers within the UBAF were 47.65 and 4.36 mg O2 /g VS h, respectively.

Herbal pharmaceutical wastewater treatment by a pilot scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (11) ◽  
pp. 2265-2272 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Satyanarayan ◽  
A. Karambe ◽  
A. P. Vanerkar
Keyword(s):  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

Herbal pharmaceutical industry has grown tremendously in the last few decades. As such, literature on the treatment of this wastewater is scarce. Water pollution control problems in the developing countries need to be solved through application of cost effective aerobic/anaerobic biological systems. One such system—the upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) process which is known to be cost effective and where by-product recovery was also feasible was applied for treatment of a high strength wastewater for a period of six months in a pilot scale upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor with a capacity of 27.44 m3. Studies were carried out at various organic loading rates varying between 6.26 and 10.33 kg COD/m3/day and hydraulic retention time (HRT) fluctuating between 33 and 43 hours. This resulted in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and suspended solids (SS) removal in the range of 86.2%–91.6%, 90.0%–95.2% and 62.6%–68.0% respectively. The biogas production varied between 0.32–0.47 m3/kg COD added. Sludge from different heights of UASB reactor was collected and subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated good granulation with efficient UASB reactor performance.

A case study of coupling upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) and ANITA™ Mox process to treat high-strength landfill leachate

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 662-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Lu ◽  
Biju George ◽  
Hong Zhao ◽  
Wenjun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

A pilot study was conducted to study the treatability of high-strength landfill leachate by a combined process including upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB), carbon removal (C-stage) moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and ANITA™ Mox process. The major innovation on this pilot study is the patent-pending process invented by Veolia that integrates the above three unit processes with an effluent recycle stream, which not only maintains the low hydraulic retention time to enhance the treatment performance but also reduces inhibiting effect from chemicals present in the high-strength leachate. This pilot study has demonstrated that the combined process was capable of treating high-strength leachate with efficient chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nitrogen removals. The COD removal efficiency by the UASB was 93% (from 45,000 to 3,000 mg/L) at a loading rate of 10 kg/(m3·d). The C-stage MBBR removed an additional 500 to 1,000 mg/L of COD at a surface removal rate (SRR) of 5 g/(m2·d) and precipitated 400 mg/L of calcium. The total inorganic nitrogen removal efficiency by the ANITA Mox reactor was about 70% at SRR of 1.0 g/(m2·d).

scholarly journals Treatment of Iraqi Municipal Wastewater by up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor UASB

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1A) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Khairi R. Kalash ◽  
Majid A. Dixon ◽  
Hussein IR. Sultan ◽  
Raad A. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Organic Load Rate

In this work, the Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket “UASB” reactor treated effluent wastewater to investigate the process performance on a pilot plant scale. Municipal wastewater at high and medium strength with different organic load rate OLR (0.6-9) kg COD m-3day-1 with the flow of 20 l/h, up-flow velocity 0.4 m/h, hydraulic retention time HRT 9 h at a temperature of (20-30 ºC) was evaluated. The wastewater concentration, including TSS, COD was measured, and the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solid TSS were calculated and summarized as 45-85% and 70-75%, respectively, depending on organic load rate OLR. Effluent volatile fatty acids VFA was measured, and the results were in the range between 12-90 mg/L depending on OLR with a slight change in pH (8.3-8.4), which means the conversion of COD to methane and increase ammonia concentration.

Sugarcane molasses-based bio-ethanol wastewater treatment by two-phase multi-staged up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) combination with up-flow UASB and down-flow hanging sponge

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1174-1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Choeisai ◽  
N. Jitkam ◽  
K. Silapanoraset ◽  
C. Yubolsai ◽  
W. Yoochatchaval ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Phase System ◽  
Sugarcane Molasses ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

This study was designed to evaluate a treatment system for high strength wastewater (vinasse) from a sugarcane molasses-based bio-ethanol plant in Thailand. A laboratory-scale two-phase treatment system composed of a sulfate reducing (SR) tank and multi-staged up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (MS-UASB) reactor was used as the pre-treatment unit. Conventional UASB and down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactors were used as the post-treatment unit. The treatment system was operated for 300 days under ambient temperature conditions (24.6–29.6 °C). The hydraulic retention time (HRT) in each unit was kept at 25 h for the two-phase system and 23 h for the UASB&DHS. The influent concentration was allowed to reach up to 15,000 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/L. COD removal efficiency (based on influent COD) of the two-phase MS-UASB and the UASB&DHS was 54.9 and 18.7%, respectively. Due to the effective removal of sulfide in the SR tank, the MS-UASB achieved a high methane conversion ratio of up to 97%. In DHS, nitrification occurred at the outside portion of the sponge media while denitrification occurred at the inside. Consequently, 27% of the total nitrogen (TN) was removed. An amount of 32% of residual nitrogen (28 mgN/L) was in the form of nitrate, a better nitrogen state for fertilizer.

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