scholarly journals A screening method for making the source water event-based approach operational

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralf Thorsten Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Modeling ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
The Government ◽  
Event Based

Numerical modeling is increasingly used as a tool for environmental assessment and planning, including for Drinking Water Source Protection in Ontario as outlined in the Government of Ontario's 2006 Clean Water Act. However, modeling procedures are often inadequate in the organizational context and tight budgets. It remains a challenge to adapt these procedures such that they are transparent and efficient for watershed practitioners. This paper reviews and analyzes the application of the event-based approach, as defined in the technical rules to the ‘Clean Water Act’. Four limitations are then identified in a case study using the common procedure. Addressing these requires iterative model refinements, which likely result in cost overruns and undermine sound budget planning. An alternative method is then suggested, demonstrated and validated, which uses numerical modeling for creating a generic diagram. Such a generic diagram offers a transparent decision-making tool for planners, other non-technical employes and land owners.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK RUMAH TANGGA PENGGUNA AIR MINUM KEMASAN DAN ISI ULANG DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-164
Author(s):  
Elsa Elsi ◽  
Sahat P Manalu ◽  
Dasuki Dasuki ◽  
Aria Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Source Characteristics ◽  
Drinking Water Sources

ABSTRACT One of SDG's 2030 targets is that households have access to drinking water. The phenomenon is some of community use bottled water/refill as drinking water. The aim of this article are knowing household proportion with improve clean water source and water collecting time that use bottled water/refill drinking water, and relation of clean water source characteristics with using bottle/refill drinking water. Research design is cross sectional. Dependent variable is household drinking water sources type, independents are household clean water source characteristics, and travel time collecting water. Bivariate data analysis was carried out to analyze the relationship between the proportion of bottled / refilled water users by households with adequate water sources and households that use inappropriate water sources. The results showed that proportion of households with unimproved drinking water sources, unimproved clean water source and unimproved water collecting time are greater using bottled/refill  drinking, each (7,6%) and (26,7%). There are statistic significances relation between household with unimproved drinking water source, unimproved travel time collecting water with using bottled/ relill drinking water (p = 0,000). Also found statistic significances between household with improved drinking water source, unimproved clean water source and unimproved travel time collecting water with using bottled/ relill drinking water (p = 0,000). Keywords: Bottled water, refill drinking water, improved water   ABSTRAK Salah satu target SDG’s 2030 adalah rumah tangga memiliki akses terhadap air minum. Sebagian masyarakat menggunakan air minum kemasan/ isi ulang sebagai air minum. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik pengguna air minum kemasan/isi ulang sebagai sumber air utama. Desain penelitian adalah potong lintang. Variabel terikat adalah jenis sumber air minum rumah tangga, sedangkan variabel bebas terdiri dari karakteristik sumber air utama dan waktu yang diperlukan untuk mengambil air. Analisis data secara bivariat dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara proporsi pengguna air minum kemasan/isi ulang oleh rumah tangga dengan sumber air layak dengan rumah tangga yang menggunakan sumber air tidak  layak.  Hasil menunjukkan bahwa proporsi pengguna air minum kemasan/isi ulang oleh  rumah tangga dengan sumber air minum yang belum layak  lebih tinggi diibandingkan dengan rumah tangga dengan sumber air minum layak, yaitu masing-masing (7,6%) dan (26,7%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara rumah tangga dengan sumber air minum belum layak, dengan waktu tempuh pengambilan air belum layak terhadap penggunaan air minum kemasan/ isi ulang (p=0,000).  Pada rumah tangga dengan  sumber air minum layak, sumber air utama belum layak dan waktu pengambilan belum layak juga ditemukan hubungan bermakna secara statistik terhadap penggunaan air minum kemasan/ isi ulang (p=0,000). Kata kunci: Air kemasan, air minum isi ulang, air layak

Analysis of households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
Odafivwotu Ohwo
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Government

Abstract Waterborne diseases have serious implications for public health and socio-economic development; hence, this study analyzes households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa. The study adopted the survey research design, which involves the administration of a structured questionnaire to 400 sampled households using the stratified and systematic sampling techniques, and direct field observation of households' drinking water, sanitation and hygiene facilities. Households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases was determined by households' response to five vulnerability drivers (drinking water source, sanitation facility, hygiene, education, and income). The obtained data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman's rank correlation and a waterborne disease vulnerability (WDV) model. The findings revealed that households in Yenagoa were moderately vulnerable to waterborne diseases as the calculated WDV was 55.65%. The Spearman's correlation coefficients for education with sanitation, drinking water sources and hygiene were 0.75, 1, and 0.6, respectively. This shows that the educational status of households is a major determinant of the choice of water source, sanitation, and hygiene practices. It is therefore recommended that much effort should be made by respective households and the government to improve on the quality of the vulnerability drivers, which have the capacity to reduce households' vulnerability to waterborne diseases in Yenagoa.

scholarly journals Biosecurity in agriculture [electronic resource] : a suggested strategy for the protection of source water against pathogenic contamination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Earl
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Suggested Strategy ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Source Water Quality

To reduce the threat of pathogenic responses in humans, the Government of Ontario has introduced the Clean Water Act. The Act is intended to identify, characterize, and mitigate risks to vulnerable sources of drinking water. Applying the appropriate level of protection in those areas where land use activities contribute to the contamination of source water can be achieved through the use of biosecurity strategies comprised of operational measures to treat manure prior to storage and handling. Recent outbreaks of waterborne disease linked to manure management practices has resulted in an increased awareness of the potential risks that livestock operations pose to source water quality. This investigation demonstrated that currently available treatment technologies can significantly reduce pathogen concentrations in livestock manure; however the extent that these measures can be integrated into the proposed Clean Water Act is limited by the lack of controlled, replicated studies conducted at the commercial-scale.

scholarly journals Comparative investigation into Pre-COVID-19 and Post-COVID-19 lockdown Water Demand in selected schools in Osun State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy O. Ogunbode
Keyword(s):  
Ground Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
The Government ◽  
Water Use Pattern

The prevalence of corona virus and the novel COVID-19 disease in the entire globe has exacerbated different impact on socioeconomic spectrum in the world, including water use pattern. Thus a research was conducted to examine the comparative use of water during pre- and post-COVID-19 lockdown pattern among post-primary schools in Iwo, Osun State, Nigeria. A survey was conducted among fifteen schools which were randomly selected, but with eight public and seven private schools for the investigation. Both descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used in data analysis. The results revealed that the major source of water to the schools investigated is ground water which is obtained through hand-dug wells and boreholes. It was further discovered that there was increase in water use during post-COVID-19 lockdown era as a result of the directive by the government that clean water should be provided for hand-washing by all schools regardless of the owner to curtail the spread of COVID-19 disease in the country. One sample t-test also revealed that there was a significant difference in water use at (p<0.01) level. It is recommended that the government and other stakeholders in water sector to ensure that all-time and non-seasonal dependent source of water be provided rather than ground water source which is susceptible to variations in water yields from seasonal variations. This will enable continuous clean water supply, for all purposes, including COVID-19 protocols.

scholarly journals Kualitas Air Bersih Di Desa Pondan Kecamatan Mantoh Kabupaten Banggai Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah Tahun 2021

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cindy Suruata ◽  
Sandy Novriyanto Sakati ◽  
Maria Kanan ◽  
Dwi Wahyu Balebu ◽  
Bambang Dwicahya
Keyword(s):  
Water Source ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
District Health ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
High Level

Air adalah kebutuhan yang paling diperlukan oleh semua makhluk hidup. Kebutuhan akan air bersih saat ini semakin meningkat sebanding dengan tingginya tingkat pencemaran air. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas air bersih berdasarkan parameter fisik, kimia, dan mikrobiologi dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Sampel yang diambil adalah sebagian dari sumber air bersih sumur gali yakni 4 sampel sumur gali dan 1 sampel air bersih perpipaan non PDAM dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini berupa alat dan bahan yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan data. Sampel akan diperiksa di Laboratorium Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Banggai dan akan dibandingkan dengan Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 32 Tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas air bersih Desa Pondan Kecamatan Mantoh Tahun 2021 tidak memenuhi sayarat. Sehingga diharapkan adanya kerjasama antara masyarakat dengan instansi terkait sistem pengolahan air, sosialisasi dari pemerintah terkait syarat-syarat sumur gali, serta perlu dilakukan penelitian selanjutnya. Water is the most necessary need for all living things. The need for clean water is currently increasing in proportion to the high level of water pollution. The goal in this study was to determine the quality of clean water based on physical, chemical, and microbiological parameters using descriptive research methods. The sample taken is part of a clean water source of dug wells, namely 4 samples of digging wells and 1 sample of non-PDAM piping clean water using purposive sampling techniques. The instruments in this study are tools and materials used to obtain data. The sample will be examined at the Banggai District Health Office Laboratory and will be compared to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 32 of 2017. The results showed that the clean water quality of Pondan Village mantoh subdistrict in 2021 did not meet the arat So it is expected that there is cooperation between the community and agencies related to water treatment systems, socialization from the government related to the terms of digging wells, and further research is needed.

scholarly journals Decision Making System Determination of assistance Home renovation With Weight product and simplle additive weighting

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Dwi Marisa Efendi ◽  
Asepafandi Asepafandi ◽  
Rustam Rustam
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Family Head ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
The Government ◽  
Program Data

Home used for shelter, .[1][2]  communities don’t  have home, its because poverty factor. .[3] The government has a program that can eradicate poverty, one of which is a home renovation program. Data obtained from about poverty rate in Lampung province amounted to 13.01% in September 2018, [4] This Program is given to residents according to the criteria specified. Currently A home renovation program  is still subjective, This research uses the method WP and saw There are 11 criteria , it needs  to solve this problem. They are Work, land Status of residence, Wall house, drinking water source, fuel for cooking, MCK Condition, consumption (meat, milk, chicken) per year, highest education of family head, family head income, roof structure, floor type  

scholarly journals The Relationship of Flood Disaster With The Incidence Of Diarrhea, Water Quality And Community Resilience in Water Supply: A Case Study in The City of Bukittinggi

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Putri Nilam Sari ◽  
Nofriya Nofriya
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Community Resilience ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Government ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Bukittinggi is a city in West Sumatra that become potential area for flooding. It is followed by increasing of diarrhea diseases. This also affects water quality. Bukittinggi is having problems with the provision of adequate clean water in accordance with the target of Sustainable Development Goals. This study aims to determine the relationship of floods to the incidence of diarrhea, water quality and community resilience in providing clean water for everyday life. The method used through a quantitative approach with cross-sectional design and conducted in December 2017 until January 2018. The results show the relationship between floods with diarrhea occurrence, water difficulty, water quality (smelly water, dirty water and the presence of insects and worms), as well as community resilience to help each other in water supply and water source storage to avoid contamination. It is advisable for the government to increase its social capacity in the provision of clean water because the city of Bukittinggi is vulnerable to floods that would damage water sources.

scholarly journals Biosecurity in agriculture [electronic resource] : a suggested strategy for the protection of source water against pathogenic contamination

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Earl
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Clean Water Act ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Electronic Resource ◽  
Suggested Strategy ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
The Government ◽  
Source Water Quality

To reduce the threat of pathogenic responses in humans, the Government of Ontario has introduced the Clean Water Act. The Act is intended to identify, characterize, and mitigate risks to vulnerable sources of drinking water. Applying the appropriate level of protection in those areas where land use activities contribute to the contamination of source water can be achieved through the use of biosecurity strategies comprised of operational measures to treat manure prior to storage and handling. Recent outbreaks of waterborne disease linked to manure management practices has resulted in an increased awareness of the potential risks that livestock operations pose to source water quality. This investigation demonstrated that currently available treatment technologies can significantly reduce pathogen concentrations in livestock manure; however the extent that these measures can be integrated into the proposed Clean Water Act is limited by the lack of controlled, replicated studies conducted at the commercial-scale.

Global return flow ratio

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Return Flow ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Chemical Contamination ◽  
Flow Ratio ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Dug Wells

Population using an improved drinking water source (piped water into dwellings, yards or plots; public taps or standpipes; boreholes or tubewells; protected dug wells; or protected springs and rainwater) that is located on premises and available when needed and which is free of faecal and priority chemical contamination. Basin Pollution Quality Waste

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