Clean power in water supply systems as a sustainable solution: from planning to practical implementation

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Ramos ◽  
M. Mello ◽  
P. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
Pipe System ◽  
System Pressure ◽  
Supply Systems

Energy efficiency and renewable energy sources have drawn a greater attention by EU, in particular for climate change policies as it can substantially cut down CO2 emissions to meet EU environmental obligations. It is well established that in drinking pipe systems Pressure Reducing Valves (PRV) are used as a mean for excess energy dissipation for the purpose of pressure control. This type of solution can be adopted, as a mitigation method to control the system losses, in particular, the available overload, which must have to be dissipated to avoid leakage or rupture occurrence in the pipe system. The use of micro-hydro systems seems to provide a better approach as a sustainable solution in terms of controlling the system pressure as well as to provide a non-negligible income by producing clean energy. Computational simulations, experimental research and engineering project development are carried out to analyse and compare the hydraulic system behaviour between a PRV and a pump working as a turbine (PT). This research creates an important challenge for seasonal stabilization of the energy supply by using water supply systems, due to the stochastic nature of river-hydro resources.

Frequency pressure regulation in water supply systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 896-905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Halkijevic ◽  
Zivko Vukovic ◽  
Drazen Vouk
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Effective Activity ◽  
Variable Frequency Drives ◽  
Loss Control ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
The City

In water supply systems, pressure management in most cases is proven to be the most cost-effective activity related to water loss control. As an advanced method of pressure control, it is possible to use variable frequency drives for centrifugal pump control. Pressure regulation can be performed with constant pressure or with proportional pressure control. The application of proportional pressure control is particularly applicable in water supply systems as the operating pump performance is constantly adapting the pressure to the actual demand. Along with lower leakage losses, it also results in lower energy consumption and the elimination of non-stationary phenomena, thereby extending the pump lifetime. Therefore, the paper presents a theoretical discussion of the proportional pressure control. Possible savings are shown on the numerical example of water supply system of the city of Velika Gorica.

scholarly journals Practical implementation of methods for optimization of flow distribution in water supply systems

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (4(20)) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Оксана Григорівна Добровольська ◽  
Микола Опанасович Українець
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Flow Distribution ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Supply Systems

scholarly journals Method of evaluation of efficiency improvement potential for water supply systems with focus on variable speed centrifugal pumps

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 533-553
Author(s):  
D. Pilscikovs ◽  
E. Dzelzitis
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Public Water Supply ◽  
Efficiency Improvement ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Improvement Potential ◽  
Supply Systems

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The goal of this research is the derivation of the method for evaluation of efficiency improvement potential for public water supply systems with a focus on centrifugal network pumps. The efficiency of proportional pressure control usage has been analyzed for variable speed pumps. It has been done if proportional pressure control is used in comparison with constant pressure control mode. For this reason, energy calculation analyses have been realized for variable speed centrifugal pumps, and the theoretical tool of estimation of the efficiency improvement potential for public water supply systems has been derived. The conclusions are as follows: (1) it has been found that 1110 MWh of annually consumed electrical energy can be saved up, if the control mode of variable speed network pumps will be changed from constant pressure to proportional pressure control mode with the deviation of 20% from head value of duty point at zero flow; (2) about 13 MWh of annually consumed electrical energy can be saved up, if the proportional pressure control mode with the deviation of 15% will be changed to the deviation of 20%; (3) totally about 1123 MWh or 1.12 GWh (14% of the annually consumed electrical energy by variable speed network pumps) can be saved up in small public water supply systems in Latvia.</p>

О совершенствовании СП 30.13330.2016 «Внутренний водопровод и канализация зданий. Актуализированная редакция СНиП 2.04.01-85*»(в порядке обсуждения)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Strelkov ◽  
I. Zotov ◽  
I. Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
State Technical ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Technical Regulation ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Supply Systems

Статья посвящена разъяснению Изменений в Свод Правил 30.13330.2016 Внутренний водопровод и канализация зданий. Актуализированная редакция СНиП 2.04.01-85 . Приведены результаты анализа взаимосвязи системы технического регулирования в строительстве и системы регулирования отношений по предоставлению коммунальных услуг. С целью создания легитимного методического инструментария сотрудниками Академии строительства и архитектуры Самарского государственного технического университета разработаны Изменения в СП 30.13330.2016, которые позволят уточнить содержание нормативного документа и конкретизировать отдельные элементы проектирования и расчета внутренних систем водоснабжения многоквартирного дома. Рассмотрена методология проектирования систем хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения многоквартирных домов. Приведены методические процедуры и их практическая реализация при проектировании внутренних систем хозяйственно-питьевого водоснабжения многоквартирного дома.The article is explaining the amendments to Code of Rules (CR) 30.13330.2016 Water supply and drains of buildings. Revised edition of SNiP 2.04.01-85 . The results of the analysis of the interconnections of the system of technical regulation in construction business and the system of regulating the provision of public services are presented. In order to create a legitimate methodological toolkit, the experts of the Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Samara State Technical University developed amendments to CR 30.13330.2016 that will clarify the content of the regulatory document and specify certain elements of the design and calculation of the internal water supply systems of an apartment building. The methodology of designing drinking water supply systems for apartment buildings is considered. Methodological procedures and their practical implementation in the design of internal drinking water supply systems of an apartment building are given.

scholarly journals Approaches to the implementation of hydraulic electronic models of centralized water supply systems

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 623-634
Author(s):  
Grigory N Gromov ◽  
Darya D. Khudyakova ◽  
Kirill G. Pyankov
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Urban Water ◽  
Urban Water Supply ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Electronic Model ◽  
Supply Systems

Introduction. The analysis of the Russian normative and methodological documents, as well as research articles, has identified gaps in the development and practical implementation of hydraulic electronic models of existing water supply systems. The user guide of the software products, used to design these models, merely demonstrates the capabilities of software modules and misses the outcome of their application in certain cases. Decree No. 782 issued by the RF Government on September 5, 2013, being the document that regulates the development of electronic models of water supply systems, lists the requirements applied to software. The document, titled Construction regulations SP 31.13330.2012, has the requirements applicable to the hydraulic analysis of water supply system designs. This suggests that the Russian regulatory environment has no document that contains the basic requirements governing the development and detailing of hydraulic electronic models of water supply systems. This is an essential problem of urban utility networks, since the hydraulic electronic model is the basis for any further actions in strict accordance with which a development plan of a centralized urban water supply system is designed. Materials and methods. The article has a scientific review of the problem of design of electronic hydraulic models of centralized water supply systems and basic principles and approaches to electronic model generation. Results. The co-authors provide a detailed description of a methodology used to develop a model of urban water supply systems as well as the requirements set by foreign standards. Conclusions. Model development and calibration is structured in the article. This information is needed to adjust the characteristics of the designed model to a water supply system in operation.

FEATURES OF THE HYDRAULIC CALCULATION OF HOUSEHOLD DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-41
Author(s):  
Alexander K. STRELKOV ◽  
Yuri N. ZOTOV ◽  
Irina Yu. MIKHAILOVA
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Current System ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Design Standards ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Supply Systems

The article is devoted to the practical implementation of changes in the current system of legal regulation in the fi eld of water supply and sanitation of apartment buildings. The results of the analysis of operational and design standards of water consumption are presented. The necessity of adjusting the normative and technical documents in terms of improving the methodological foundations of designing indoor cold and hot water supply systems for an apartment building and creating a legitimate methodological toolkit is shown. Recommendations have been developed to supplement the norms of the set of rules 30.13330.2016 “Internal water supply and sewerage systems of buildings. Updated edition of SNiP 2.04.01-85 *».

Direct ammonia fueled solid oxide fuel cells: A comprehensive review on challenges, opportunities and future outlooks

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molla Asmare ◽  
Mustafa Ilbas
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Performance Comparison ◽  
Optimum Operating ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Energy Access ◽  
Green Fuel

Nowadays, the most decisive challenges we are fronting are perfectly clean energy making for equitable and sustainable modern energy access, and battling the emerging alteration of the climate. This is because, carbon-rich fuels are the fundamental supply of utilized energy for strengthening human society, and it will be sustained in the near future. In connection with this, electrochemical technologies are an emerging and domineering tool for efficiently transforming the existing scarce fossil fuels and renewable energy sources into electric power with a trivial environmental impact. Compared with conventional power generation technologies, SOFC that operate at high temperature is emerging as a frontrunner to convert the fuels chemical energy into electric power and permits the deployment of varieties of fuels with negligible ecological destructions. According to this critical review, direct ammonia is obtained as a primary possible choice and price-effective green fuel for T-SOFCs. This is because T-SOFCs have higher volumetric power density, mechanically stable, and high thermal shocking resistance. Also, there is no sealing issue problem which is the chronic issues of the planar one. As a result, the toxicity of ammonia to use as a fuel is minimized if there may be a leakage during operation. It is portable and manageable that can be work everywhere when there is energy demand. Besides, manufacturing, onboard hydrogen deposition, and transportation infrastructure connected snags of hydrogen will be solved using ammonia. Ammonia is a low-priced carbon-neutral source of energy and has more stored volumetric energy compared with hydrogen. Yet, to utilize direct NH3 as a means of hydrogen carrier and an alternative green fuel in T-SOFCs practically determining the optimum operating temperatures, reactant flow rates, electrode porosities, pressure, the position of the anode, thickness and diameters of the tube are still requiring further improvement. Therefore, mathematical modeling ought to be developed to determine these parameters before planning for experimental work. Also, a performance comparison of AS, ES, and CS- T-SOFC powered with direct NH3 will be investigated and best-performed support will be carefully chosen for practical implementation and an experimental study will be conducted for verification based on optimum parameter values obtained from numerical modeling.

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