scholarly journals Isolation and degradation characteristics of bacteria in black and odorous water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Yuan ◽  
Gangcai Chen ◽  
Yuchun Xiao ◽  
Jianxia Yang ◽  
Liping Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Bacterial Agent ◽  
Functional Bacteria ◽  
Final Compound ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract Bioremediation is one of the treatment technologies for the black-odorous water, and obtaining functional bacteria is the key step to its success. In this study, a number of highly efficient pollutant degrading strains were isolated from the sediment of black-odorous river, and were identified by phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis. The composite bacterial agent J1 was mixed by strains A1, A2, A5 and A7, with a volume ratio of 4:4:2:1. And the final compound bacteria injected into black-odorous water were composed of J1 and NS3, with the volume ratio of 1:1. Optimized degradation conditions of compound bacterium agent were as follows: pH 7.5, DO 2.5 mg/L, temperature 30 °C. Under optimized conditions, add 1% by volume to the black-odorous water for a 50-day experimental operation. Finally, the overlying water ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phosphorus has been significantly degraded. The research is expected to contribute to the use of bioremediation methods to repair black-odorous water, and the application of isolates can be carried out in-situ for water types similar to pollute waterways.

scholarly journals Purification efficiency of zeolite and two planted grasses on sewage and relationship with carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus ratios in simulated constructed wetland system

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-555
Author(s):  
Xia Liu ◽  
Guohui Ning ◽  
Jianzhi Xie ◽  
Chunjing Liu ◽  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Domestic Sewage ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
C:P Ratios

Abstract For achieving the economical and efficient configuration of constructed wetlands (CWs), a simulated device of vertical flow CWs was used to investigate the effects of different volume ratios of substrates to two cold-resistant plants on pollutant concentrations as well as their ratios in effluent under different inflow domestic sewage concentrations. The average removal rates (ARRs) of ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus were 82.7%, 84.9% and 80.6% respectively in the treatments with zeolite but no plants, which increased by 22.6%, 20.8% and 14.9% compared with those without zeolite and plants. However, in the treatments with zeolite and planted grasses, the ARRs of the three pollutants were over 90%, and those of chemical oxygen demand were lower. The removal rates of ammonia nitrogen, TN and total phosphorus had negative correlations with C:N and N:P ratios and positive correlations with the C:P ratios. Increasing the ratio of zeolite to soil from 1:1 to 2:1 had no significant effects in the removal efficiency. It was suggested that planting Lolium perenne or Poa annua on the substrate with a zeolite to soil volume ratio of 1:1 could be considered as the optimum combination to purify the domestic sewage in north rural areas of China.

scholarly journals Water Quality and Microbial Community Changes in an Urban River after Micro-Nano Bubble Technology in Situ Treatment

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifei Wu ◽  
Hui Lin ◽  
Weizhao Yin ◽  
Sicheng Shao ◽  
Sihao Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Potential ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

Currently, black-odor river has received great attention in China. In this study, the micro-nano bubble technology (MBT) was used to mitigate the water pollution rapidly and continuously by increasing the concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) in water. During treatment, the concentration of DO increased from 0.60 mg/L to over 5.00 mg/L, and the oxidation reduction potential (ORP) also changed from a negative value to over 100.00 mV after only five days aeration. High throughput pyrosequencing technology was employed to identify the microbial community structure. At genus level, the dominant bacteria were anaerobic and nutrient-loving microbes (e.g., Arcobacter sp., Azonexus sp., and Citrobacter sp.) before, and the relative abundances of aerobic and functional microbes (e.g., Perlucidibaca sp., Pseudarcicella sp., Rhodoluna sp., and Sediminibacterium sp.) were increased after treatment. Meanwhile, the water quality was significantly improved with about 50% removal ratios of chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) results showed that microbial community structure shaped by COD, DO, NH4+-N, and TP, CCA1 and CCA2 explained 41.94% and 24.56% of total variances, respectively. Overall, the MBT could improve the water quality of urban black-odor river by raising the DO and activate the aerobic microbes.

scholarly journals Ammonia-Nitrogen and Phosphate Removal in Leachate using Algae and Bacteria Mixture

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 7007-7012
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Sanitary Landfill ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Algae And Bacteria ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphate Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Leachate is a liquid that has been produced by the waste especially organic waste. In an engineered sanitary landfill, biological treatment is a common practice to reduce the leachate contaminants. The effluent from treated leachate needs to comply with the standard set by the Department of Environment (DOE), Malaysia before it is being released into the river. The leachate contains a high number of contaminants such as ammonia-nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metal, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and suspended solids. This study focused on the possibility of treating leachate by using algae and bacteria in biological treatment in removing ammonia-nitrogen and phosphate in leachate obtained from Air Hitam Sanitary Landfill, Puchong. Initially, the characteristics of the leachate sample with in-situ and laboratory tests were analyzed to quantify the contaminants in the leachate. In this research, the concentration of leachate samples together with algae and bacteria was diluted in one (1) liter of distilled water varied between 10%, 30%, 50%, 80% and 100% (v/v) in each flask. Then, all the samples were aerated to ensure that the algae and bacteria were at the optimum condition to treat the contaminants in the leachate for all the respective flasks. The results of ammonia-nitrogen, phosphate, nitrite-nitrogen, and nitrate-nitrogen were taken for every 3 days for 15 days to determine the percentage of the removal due to the algae and bacteria uptake in the leachate for all the samples. After 15 days, the percentage of removal of the contaminants were analyzed using factorial design. It showed that 50% (v/v) of leachate concentration in the diluted flask exhibits the highest removal percentage of ammonia-nitrogen with 96.95% ammonia-nitrogen being removed from the leachate. For phosphorus, 10% (v/v) diluted leachate concentration marked highest which is 94.92% has been removed from the leachate. Finally, the regression equation was established to predict the rate of ammonia-nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Effects of the inclusion of a mixed Psychrotrophic bacteria strain for sewage treatment in constructed wetland in winter seasons

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 172360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meizhen Tang ◽  
Zhengtao Li ◽  
Yuewei Yang ◽  
Junfeng Chen ◽  
Jie Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Bacterial Suspension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus

Constructed wetlands (CWs) have been used globally in wastewater treatment for years. CWs represent an efficient ecological system which is both energy-saving and low in investment for construction and operational cost. In addition, CWs also have the advantage of being easy to operate and maintain. However, the operation of CWs at northern latitudes (both mid and high) is sometimes quite demanding, due to the inhibitory effect of low temperatures that often occur in winter. To evaluate the wastewater treatment performance of a culture of mixed Psychrotrophic bacteria strains in an integrated vertical-flow CW, the removal rates of ammonia nitrogen (NH 3 –N), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrite nitrogen ( NO 2 − − N ) , nitrate nitrogen ( NO 3 − − N ) and total phosphorus (TP) were quantified at different bacterial dosages to determine the best bacterial dosage and establish kinetic degradation models of the mixed strains. The bacterial culture was made up of Psychrobacter TM-1, Sphingobacterium TM-2 and Pseudomonas TM-3, mixed together at a volume/volume ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 (at bacterial suspension concentrations of 4.4 × 10 9  ml −1 ). Results showed that the organic pollutants (nitrogen and phosphorus) in the sewage could be efficiently removed by the culture of mixed Psychrotrophic bacteria. The optimal dosage of this mixed bacteria strain was 2.5%, and the treatment efficiency of COD, NH 3 –N, NO 2 − − N , NO 3 − − N , total nitrogen and TP were stable at 91.8%, 91.1%, 88.0%, 93.8%, 94.8% and 95.2%, respectively, which were 1.5, 2.0, 2.1, 1.5, 2.2 and 1.3 times those of the control group. In addition, a pseudo-first-order degradation model was a good fit for the degradation pattern observed for each of these pollutants.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on In-situ Remediation of Compound Contaminated Sediment of a River in Shenzhen with Chemicals

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 01003
Author(s):  
Wang De-yong ◽  
Wang Jing ◽  
Zeng Qing-jun ◽  
Deng Kai-fang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
In Situ Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Sediment ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
In Situ Oxidation ◽  
Chemical Agents ◽  
In Situ Repair

Aiming at the black and odor problem of the gushing water and sediment of a river in Shenzhen, based on the results of sampling and testing, we independently developed an in-situ oxidation remediation agent for polluted sediment composed of oxidants, flocculants and pH regulators, and carried out in-situ repair of chemical agents without and with overlying water indoor test to verify. The test and monitoring results show that the agent can not only significantly reduce the ammonia nitrogen and organic matter content in the bottom sludge, but also can better remove the ammonia nitrogen in the overlying black and odorous water. In order to get closer to the actual situation, using the reagents developed to repair contaminated sediments at a certain flow rate has also achieved good experimental results.

Non-steady variations of SOD and phosphate release rate due to changes in the quality of the overlying water

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Inoue ◽  
Y. Nakamura ◽  
Y. Adachi
Keyword(s):  
Release Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Phosphate Concentration ◽  
Sediment Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biochemical Reactions ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Phosphate Release ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
The Difference

A dynamic model, which predicts non-steady variations in the sediment oxygen demand (SOD) and phosphate release rate, has been designed. This theoretical model consists of three diffusion equations with biochemical reactions for dissolved oxygen (DO), phosphate and ferrous iron. According to this model, step changes in the DO concentration and flow velocity produce drastic changes in the SOD and phosphate release rate within 10 minutes. The vigorous response of the SOD and phosphate release rate is caused by the difference in the time scale of diffusion in the water boundary layer and that of the biochemical reactions in the sediment. Secondly, a negative phosphate transfer from water to sediment can even occur under aerobic conditions. This is caused by the decrease in phosphate concentration in the aerobic layer due to adsorption.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Effects and Driving Factors of Water Pollutants Discharge in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1174
Author(s):  
Qilong Ren ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Spatial Correlations ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Spatiotemporal Evolution ◽  
Water Pollutants ◽  
Pollutant Discharge

The problem of water pollution is a social issue in China requiring immediate and urgent solutions. In the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, the contradiction between preserving the ecological environment and facilitating sustainable economic development is particularly acute. This study analyzed the spatiotemporal evolution of water pollutants and their factors of influence using statistics on the discharge of two water pollutants, namely chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N (ammonia nitrogen), in 154 counties in both 2012 and 2016 as research units in the region. The study employed Exploratory Spatial-Time Data Analysis (ESTDA), Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE), and the Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) models, as well as ArcGIS and GeoDa software, obtaining the following conclusions: (1) From 2012 to 2016, pollutant discharge dropped significantly, with COD and NH3-N emissions decreasing 65.9% and 47.2%, respectively; the pollutant emissions possessed the spatial feature of gradual gradient descent from the central districts to the periphery. (2) The water pollutants discharge displayed significant and positive spatial correlations. The spatiotemporal cohesion of the spatiotemporal evolution of the pollutants was higher than their spatiotemporal fluidity, representing strong spatial locking. (3) The level of economic development, the level of urbanization, and the intensity of agricultural production input significantly and positively drove pollutant discharge; the environmental regulations had a significant effect on reducing the emission of pollutants. In particular, the effect for NH3-N emissions reduction was stronger; the driving effect of the industrial structure and the distance decay was not significant.

scholarly journals Digestate Liquid Fraction Treatment with Filters Filled with Recovery Materials

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Ilaria Piccoli ◽  
Giuseppe Virga ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Maurizio Borin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Community Interactions ◽  
Material Particle ◽  
N Removal

Constructed wetlands (CWs) represent a green technology for digestate liquid fraction (DLF) treatment. However, previous research has warned about their performance when treating wastewater with high suspended solid and organic loads. In addition, the high NH4-N concentration typical of this wastewater can compromise vegetation establishment and activity. In view of this, a digestate pretreatment is needed. This study aimed to test the performance of filters filled with recovery materials, such as brick and refractory material, for DLF pretreatment. The effect on DLF physical (electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, and temperature) and chemical (total nitrogen, ammonia–nitrogen, nitrate–nitrogen, total phosphorus, soluble phosphorus, and chemical oxygen demand) characteristics was monitored during eight weekly cycles. The effect of filtration on total nitrogen and ammonia–nitrogen removal began after about one month of loading, suggesting that an activation period is necessary for bacteria. For effective N removal, the presence of multiple digestate recirculations per day through the filters appears mandatory to guarantee the alternation of nitrification and denitrification conditions. For P removal, filling material particle size appeared to be more important than its composition. Unclear performances were observed considering chemical oxygen demand. Further studies on filling media and microbial community interactions, and the long-term efficiency of filters, are desirable.

Optimization on Influencing Factors of Fracture Toughness of Corundum-Mullite Toughened by In Situ Synthesized Mullite Whiskers by Response Surface Methodology

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 819-822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Meng ◽  
Jin Hui Peng
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Mullite Whiskers ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Addition Amount

The corundum-mullite was toughened by in-situ synthesized mullite whiskers and the process parameters influencing the fracture toughness of corundum-mullite, such as sintering temperature, addition amount of AlF3 and V2O5, were optimized by means of response surface method. Corundum-mullite with fracture toughness of 9.44 MPa.m-1/2 could be obtained under the optimized conditions, i.e. sintering temperature of 1400°C, 4.8 wt.% of AlF3 and 5.8 wt.% of V2O5. The results showed that it was feasible to prepare corundum-mullite toughened by in-situ synthesized mullite whiskers by the optimized parameters. In addition, an accurate model based on response surface method was proposed to predict the experimental results.

Water-Quality Assessment of Lv-Tang River in Zhanjiang, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 295-298 ◽  
pp. 755-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Yun Liu ◽  
Zhi Hong Li ◽  
Xiao Jian Liang ◽  
Yan Peng Lin ◽  
Rong Hao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Parameter ◽  
Water Quality Parameter ◽  
National Quality

Based on the water quality investigation data of December in 2010, the water environment quality of Lv-tang River in Zhanjiang national urban wetland park was assessed using single water quality parameter model and integrated water quality index model. The results show that the water quality of Lv-tang River is worse than the national quality standards for Grade V. The water is polluted seriously. The main pollutants are total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand CODCr with their average concentrations of 60.49 mg/L, 30.57 mg/L and 227.38mg/L, respectively. The averages of their single parameter pollution index are 30.25 , 19.79 and 8.74. The average of single parameter pollution index of the river is 8.23 which indicated that the river belongs to heavy pollution zone. The integrated water quality index was 22.5 showing that the river belongs to serious pollution zone.

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