scholarly journals Monitoring the health status of water mains using a scorecard modelling approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuzhi Huang ◽  
Raufdeen Rameezdeen ◽  
Christopher W. K. Chow ◽  
Nima Gorjian ◽  
Yangyue Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Australian Water ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Replacement Decisions ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov

Abstract There has been considerable research into prediction of water mains failure, however, those models are very complex and fail to convey the message of the health status of an asset to the relevant stakeholders. The study developed a ‘pipe health scorecard’ based on historical failure data which could be used for operation, maintenance, refurbishment, or replacement decisions by a water utility. This scorecard model was developed by using 160,413 pipe-condition datasets from the South Australian Water Corporation over 10 years. Measures such as the Kolmogorov–Smirnov (KS) statistic, Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC), and Population Stability Index (PSI) showed the model is strong enough to predict the health status of water mains. The study found that the factors influencing water mains failure to be in the order of importance: length, material, age, location (road vs verge), diameter, and operating parameters. The development of a simple but reliable model for the assessment of the health status of water mains will have major benefits to the water utility with the ability to identify and potentially replace water pipes prior to failure. Additional benefits of flexible scheduling of the maintenance and replacement programs would contribute to cost savings.

scholarly journals Optimum Energy Flow Management of a Grid-Tied Photovoltaic-Wind-Battery System considering Cost, Reliability, and CO2 Emission

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Meryeme Azaroual ◽  
Mohammed Ouassaid ◽  
Mohamed Maaroufi
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Optimum Energy ◽  
Ghg Reduction ◽  
Reliable Model ◽  
Cover Ratio

The main goal of this paper is to explore the performance of a residential grid-tied hybrid (GTH) system which relies on economic and environmental aspects. A photovoltaic- (PV-) wind turbine- (WT-) battery storage system with maximizing self-consumption and time-of-use (ToU) pricing is conducted to examine the system efficiency. In so doing, technical optimization criteria with taking into consideration renewable energy benefits including feed-in-tariff (FIT) and greenhouse gas emission (GHG) reduction are analyzed. As the battery has a substantial effect on the operational cost of the system, the energy management strategy (EMS) will incorporate the daily operating cost of the battery and the effect of the degradation. The model can give the opportunity to the network to sell or purchase energy from the system. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in which the new objective function achieves the maximum cost-saving (99.81%) and income (5.16 $/day) compared to other existing strategies as well as the lowest GHG emission. Furthermore, the battery enhances the best daily self-consumption and load cover ratio. Then, as the model is nonlinear, a comparison with other existing algorithms is performed to select the feasible, robust, and reliable model for the residential application. A hybrid algorithm (HGAFMINCON) is developed to demonstrate the superiority of the algorithm over FMINCON and GA shown in terms of cost savings and income.

scholarly journals Revealing Unreported Benefits of Digital Water Metering: Literature Review and Expert Opinions

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monks ◽  
Stewart ◽  
Sahin ◽  
Keller
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Australian Water ◽  
Expert Opinions ◽  
Monetary Benefit ◽  
Business Cases ◽  
Water Meters

Digital water meters can take Australian water utilities into the world of internet of things (IoT) and big data analytics. The potential is there for them to build more efficient processes, to enable new products and services to be offered, to defer expensive capital works, and for water conservation to be achieved. However, utilities are not mounting business cases with sufficient benefits to cover the project and operational costs. This study undertakes a literature review and interviews of industry experts in the search for unreported benefits that might be considered for inclusion in business cases. It identifies seventy-five possible benefits of which fifty-seven are classified as benefiting the water utility and forty are classified as benefiting customers (twenty-two benefit both). Many benefits may be difficult to monetize. Benefits to customers may have a small monetary benefit to the water utility but provide a significant benefit to customer satisfaction scores. However, for utilities to achieve these potential benefits, eight change enablers were identified as being required in their systems, processes, and resources. Of the seventy-five benefits, approximately half might be considered previously unreported. Finally, a taxonomy is presented into which the benefits are classified, and the enabling business changes for them to be realized are identified. Water utilities might consider the taxonomy, the benefits, and the changes required to enable the benefits when developing their business cases.

Community outbreak of legionellosis and an environmental investigation into a community water system

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (6) ◽  
pp. 1322-1331 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. COHN ◽  
J. A. GLEASON ◽  
E. RUDOWSKI ◽  
S. M. TSAI ◽  
C. A. GENESE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Storage Tank ◽  
Water System ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Water Storage Tank ◽  
Investigation Area ◽  
Community Water ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Geographical Cluster ◽  
Outbreak Investigations

SUMMARYDuring two legionellosis outbreak investigations, one at a geriatric centre and the other in high-rise housing for seniors, it was observed that additional cases of legionellosis occurred in nearby smaller residential settings. This apparent geographical cluster of legionellosis occurred in the same general area of a community water storage tank. No potential airborne sources in or near the area could be identified, but a community water system storage tank that was centrally located among case residences spurred an investigation of water-quality factors in the identified investigation area. Conditions conducive forLegionellagrowth, particularly low chlorine residuals, were found. The rate of legionellosis among residents aged ⩾50 years in the investigation areas (61·0 and 64·1/100 000) was eight times higher than in the rest of the service area (9·0/100 000) and almost 20 times higher than the statewide annual average incidence rate (3·2/100 000). A water mains flushing programme in the area was launched by the water utility, and water samples taken before and during flushing foundL. pneumophila.

scholarly journals How the impacts of burst water mains are influenced by soil sand content

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951-2968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy S. Farewell ◽  
Simon Jude ◽  
Oliver Pritchard
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Sandy Soils ◽  
Cascading Failures ◽  
Sand Content ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
East Anglia ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Societal Impacts ◽  
Media Reports

Abstract. Society relies on infrastructure, but as infrastructure systems are often collocated and interdependent, they are vulnerable to cascading failures. This study investigated cross-infrastructure and societal impacts of burst water mains, with the hypothesis that multi-infrastructure failures triggered by burst water mains are more common in sandy soils. When water mains in sandy soils burst, pressurised water can create subsurface voids and abrasive slurries, contributing to further infrastructure failures. Three spatial data investigations, at nested scales, were used to assess the influence that soil sand content has on the frequency and damage caused by burst water mains (1) to roads in the county of Lincolnshire, (2) to other proximal water mains in East Anglia and (3) to other proximal infrastructure and wider society across England and Wales. These investigations used infrastructure network and failure data, media reports and soil maps, and were supported by workshop discussions and structured interviews with infrastructure industry experts. The workshop, interviews and media reports produced a greater depth of information on the infrastructure and societal impacts of cascading failures than the analysis of infrastructure data. Cross-infrastructure impacts were most common on roads, built structures and gas pipes, and they occurred at a higher rate in soils with very high sand contents.

Does Access to Basic Amenities Influence Health Status? Evidence from a Household Survey in Three States of India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-35
Author(s):  
Samik Chowdhury ◽  
Indrani Gupta ◽  
Shankar Prinja ◽  
Mayur Trivedi
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Individual

Social determinants of health (SDH) are extremely important for a developing country like India that is battling a double burden of disease with exceptionally low levels of resources allocated for the health sector. This article adds to the evidence on the linkages between health status and SDH, with special focus on basic amenities, such as housing, water and sanitation. Based on data collected through a large sample household survey covering eight districts in three states of India, the study reports the status of basic amenities, disease burden and explores a link between the two. The study finds that access to basic amenities does affect the likelihood of a communicable disease in a statistically significant manner. The policy implication is that any successful communicable disease prevention agenda must take into account cross-cutting interventions involving multiple sectors, such as housing, water and sanitation. A sustained focus on these can rein in a lot of avoidable morbidity and mortality. In addition, it also has the potential for direct and indirect cost savings for the individual as well as the state.

scholarly journals Creating numbers: carbon and capital investment

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 302-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian Maree Vesty ◽  
Abby Telgenkamp ◽  
Philip J Roscoe
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Boundary Object ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Australian Water ◽  
Content Type ◽  
System Designs ◽  
The Way

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to seek to illustrate the way in which carbon emissions are given calculative agency. The authors contribute to sociology of quantification with a specific focus on the performativity of the carbon number as it was introduced to the organization’s capital investment accounts. In following an intangible gas to a physical amount and then to a dollar value, the authors used categories from the sociology of quantification (Espeland and Stevens, 2008) to explore the persuasive attributes of the newly created number and the way it changed the work of actors, including the way they reacted and viewed authority. Design/methodology/approach – An empirical case study in a large Australian water utility drawing on insights from the sociology of calculation. Findings – The authors present empirics on the calculative appeal of the carbon emissions number, how it came into being and its performative (or reactive) effects. The number disciplined behaviour and acted like a boundary object, while at the same time, enroled allies through its aesthetic appeal in management accounting system designs. In framing the empirics, the authors were able to highlight how the carbon number became a visible actor in the newly emergent and evolving carbon market. Practical implications – This paper provides an empirical framing that continues the project of writing the sociology of calculation into accounting. Originality/value – This study contributes to the sociology of quantification in accounting with an empirical framing device to reveal the representational work of a number and how it expands as it becomes implicated in broader networks of calculation.

Technological requirements for water system asset management

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Z.Y. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Water System ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Potential Cost ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
The Developed Countries

Asset management is a broad term and a relatively new paradigm to the water industry. This paper is intended to present an overview of the asset management approach that emerges as a managerial and technical framework for a water utility to effectively manage above and below ground assets. Based upon the lessons learned from some limited practices in the developed countries including UK, USA, Australia and New Zealand, the article is focused on elaborating the new concept of asset management and technological requirements to implement it for a water or wastewater organization. Following the brief overview, the elements of asset management are addressed along with the classified essential technology that enables water asset management and the potential cost savings resulting from an effective program. It concludes by looking into the challenges and barriers for adopting this innovative approach.

Развитие механизмов цифровой трансформации водоканалов

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Alekseev ◽  
T. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Water Utilities ◽  
Digital Model ◽  
Water Industry ◽  
Water Utility ◽  
Fixed Assets ◽  
Sanitation Systems ◽  
Water Supply And Sanitation

Одной из главных задач, стоящих перед экономикой России, является масштабная модернизация и цифровая трансформация всех ее отраслей, в том числе водопроводно-канализационного хозяйства. Технологическое отставание, изношенность основных фондов и недостаток инвестиций сдерживают развитие отрасли. В этих условиях необходимо разработать подходы и механизмы для обеспечения цифровой трансформации водоканалов. Практика показывает, что начинать следует не с закупки дорогостоящего программного обеспечения, а с разработки модели деятельности предприятия ВКХ. В результате исследования предложен подход к созданию цифровой модели водоканала на основе интеграции методов онтологического моделирования его деятельности, инструментов модернизации водоканалов и компьютерных технологий. Рассмотрен ряд эффективных инструментов модернизации водоканалов: ГИС- и BIM-технологии, методы управления объектами систем водоснабжения и водоотведения и др. Обосновано понятие цифровая модель деятельности водоканала и предложена структура основных элементов концептуального уровня этой модели с учетом специфики ВКХ. Практическое применение нового подхода будет способствовать эффективной цифровой трансформации водоканалов и ускоренному развитию отрасли при своевременном обновлении основных фондов с учетом экономии затрат и повышения качества услуг.One of the main challenges the Russian economy faces is the major upgrade and digital transformation of all the sectors including water supply and sanitation systems. The technological inferiority, depreciation of fixed assets and lack of investments hinder the development of the water industry. In these conditions, developing approaches and mechanisms to ensure the digital transformation of water utilities is required. Practice shows that one should start not with purchasing expensive software, but with developing a model of a water utility. As a result of the study, an approach to developing a digital model of a water utility based on the integration of ontological modeling its activities, modernization tools for water utilities and computer technology was proposed. A number of effective tools for upgrading water utilities are considered: GIS- and BIM-technologies, methods of operating water supply and sanitation facilities, etc. The concept of a digital model of the water utility activities is substantiated and the structure of the basic elements of the conceptual level of this model considering the specifics of the water utilities is proposed. The practical application of the new approach will contribute to the effective digital transformation of water utilities and the enhanced development of the water industry with timely updating fixed assets, taking into account cost savings and improving the quality of services.

Is the service life of water distribution pipelines linked to their failure rate?

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Le Gat ◽  
Ingo Kropp ◽  
Matthew Poulton
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Parametric Method ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Failure Data ◽  
Service Lifetime ◽  
Water Mains ◽  
Grey Cast

This paper aims to enable the relevant use of water main service lifetime and failure data to build a medium or long term infrastructure management plan. Firstly, how to estimate the service lifetime distribution of water mains using observations of decommissioning times which are possibly left-truncated and predominantly right-censored, is shown. Three methods are presented: a non-parametric method another based on the parametric Weibull distribution, and a third based on the parametric Herz distribution. An application with actual data related to grey cast iron water mains of two large French and German water distribution networks illustrates the implementation of the theoretical methods. The paper then investigates the link between failure rate and pipe renewal, and discusses the use of observation-based service time survival functions for infrastructure asset management.

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