Microbiological Aspects of the Treatment of Joint Oil Refinery and Municipal Wastewaters

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Petrović ◽  
B. Dalmacija ◽  
D. Misković ◽  
M. Gantar ◽  
S. Gajin
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Municipal Wastewaters ◽  
Microbiological Treatment

The bacteriological parameters of both the primary and secondary microbiological treatment of mixed oil refinery and municipal wastewaters have here been analyzed. Primary treatment was performed using activated sludge in a two grade bioreactor and for the secondary treatment, four columns with granular activated carbon were used. The first and the last column were aerated, whereas the two in the middle were without aeration. The ratios of the oil refinery (R) to municipal (M) wastewaters in the mixtures were 85:15, 70:30, 50:50 and 30:70. The microbiological analyses included the total bacterial count (direct method), the number of heterotrophs and oligotrophs with their ratios, number of coliforms, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria (growing method). Activated sludge as well as microbial community on the activated carbon were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy. Chemical parameters, such as pH, COD, BOD, NH4+, NO2− and NO3− were determined by the standard methods. The performed microbiological analysis approved the validity of the joint oil refinery and municipal wastewater treatment. The decrease of the organic load in purified water ranged from 88 to 96 % (COD estimate) and from 91 to 99 % (BOD estimate) while the removal of individual groups of microorganisms varied from 55 to 99 %. The highest decrease was observed in the coliform bacteria (97 - 99 %). It is worth noting that a decrease in the total nitrogen in the system ranged from 59 to 74 % and that of nitrate from 56 to 61 % after secondary microbiological treatment.

Combined Microbiological and Advanced Treatment of Oil Refinery and Municipal Wastewaters

1986 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 137-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Dalmacija ◽  
D. Miskovic ◽  
Z. Zivanov ◽  
O. Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Active Carbon ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Oil Refinery ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Sludge ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Municipal Wastewaters ◽  
Biologically Active Carbon ◽  
Microbiological Treatment

A study has been done of the primary microbiolooical purification of mixed oil refinery and municipal wastewater using the active sludge process in a two-stage laboratory set-up. The advanced - secondary microbiological treatment of the mixed wastewaters was accomplished by using biologically active carbon. The highest total effect of the organic matter removal for both the primary and secondary microbiological treatment was achieved when the two wastewaters were mixed in the ratio 1:1, and it ranged from 97.7 to 99.2 %, The organic matter load in the effluent expressed as BOD5, was 0.3 - 5.7 mg O2/dm3. When conditions in the columns containing biologically active carbon were changed from aerobic into anaerobic ones, the denitrification bacteria were allowed to use the adsorbed organic matter as the substrate. In this way, the achieved nitrate removal was up to 72 %. It was found that active carbon had adsorbed the organic matter 1.37 - 2.10 times more than was its adsorption capacity, while the free surface degree was in the ranoe of 44.5 - 59.7 %. On the basis of the obtained results, the kinetic coefficients were calculated for both the primary and secondary microbiological treatment of the mixture of the oil refinery and municipal wastewaters. Finally, two alternatives of the technological procedure were proposed for such treatment.

scholarly journals Impact of Operational Parameters on Bacterial Community in a Full-Scale Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNIESZKA CYDZIK-KWIATKOWSKA ◽  
MAGDALENA ZIELIŃSKA ◽  
IRENA WOJNOWSKA-BARYŁA
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Organic Load ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Load Rate ◽  
Organic Load Rate ◽  
Ammonia Oxidising Bacteria

A bacterial community in activated sludge from a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant was monitored throughout the year with the use of FISH, RISA and DGGE techniques. In the investigated range of temperatures (11.9-21.6 degrees C), a rise in temperature resulted in a lower total bacteria richness, while organic load rate changes from 0.09 to 0.21 g COD x g TSS(-1) x d(-1) were positively correlated with the number of bands in RISA patterns. The most diverse pattern (29 different bands) was characteristic for the activated sludge sample collected at the end of January at wastewater temperature of 11.9 degrees C. The ammonia-oxidising bacteria community did not change during the study, and comprised of 4 different bacterial populations with one dominant species closely related to Nitrosospira sp. REGAU (GenBank accession number AY635572.1). The percentage of ammonia-oxidising bacteria in the activated sludge varied from 6.2 to 19.5% and depended on temperature (R = 0.61, p = 0:02) and organic load rate (R = -0.55, p = 0.04).

Removal of organic halogens (AOX) from municipal wastewater by powdered activated carbon (PAC)/activated sludge (AS) treatment

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (10) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bornhardt ◽  
J. E. Drewes ◽  
M. Jekel
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Enhancement Effect ◽  
Simultaneous Treatment ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Organic Halogens

The effectiveness of different treatments with powdered activated carbons (PAC) to reduce the AOX-levels in municipal wastewater was investigated in a bench-scale activated sludge (AS) treatment plant. The PAC was added either directly to the aerated basin (simultaneous PAC-treatment), or to a partial stream of clarified effluent, which was treated with PAC in an agitated tank and recirculated to the aerated basin (subsequent PAC-treatment with recirculation). The standard advanced biological treatment reduced the AOX-content by 24%. In the pilot-plant, three types of powdered activated carbons were tested for a simultaneous treatment. The treatment with 100 mg/l PICA PCO Super produced an additional reduction of AOX by 20%, whereas a dosage of 50 mg/l NORIT W-20 showed no enhancement effect, and W-35 led to an additional AOX-removal of about 9%. Also, an improved removal of DOC, NH4-N and PO4-P was observed. In all cases, the PAC addition caused a significantly improved settling of the AS, reducing the sludge-volume-index, and increasing the content of volatile solids of the PAC-sludge. In general, no evidence of a synergistic effect of the PAC addition to activated sludge, nor bioregeneration of the activated carbon, could be observed. This suggests, that the observed effects probably are caused only by simple adsorption.

scholarly journals Discharge quality from municipal wastewater treatment plants and the Sludge Biotic Index for activated sludge: integrative assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-870
Author(s):  
M. Ostoich ◽  
F. Serena ◽  
C. Zacchello ◽  
L. Falletti ◽  
M. Zambon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Biotic Index ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Integrative Assessment

Abstract Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are scrutinized by Environmental Authorities particularly regarding the compliance to discharge limit values fixed by national and local regulations. An integrated approach is necessary to achieve the objectives established with Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) considering the ecological status of the receiving water body and the quality of the discharge. Specifically, documentary, technical, management and analytical controls should be developed. Moreover, integrative information on the behaviour of the activated sludge in the aeration tank can be useful for plant managers as well as for the regulating Authorities. The study presents the experience concerning WWTP regulation considering the analytic assessment of the discharge as well the monitoring of the Sludge Biotic Index (SBI) for activated sludge. Data from monitoring during the period 2008–14 on SBI values and chemical and microbiological data on the discharges of a sample of 35 WWTPs in the province of Venice (north-east Italy, Veneto region) are presented and discussed. Together with chemical and microbiological analysis, the SBI appears to be a highly useful index for the integrative assessment of plant functionality, in particular when monitoring and identifying critical situations that can determine the exceedance of discharge limit values. The SBI method, in an integrated control approach, can be used for small and medium sized WWTPs that only treat domestic wastewaters. In a case by case assessment this may even substitute part of the analytical monitoring carried out in the WWTPs' control process.

The sorption capacity of long-time aerated activated sludge demonstrated with 2,6-dimethylphenol

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Gulyas ◽  
U. Heldt ◽  
I. Sekoulov
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Hazardous Substance

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the duration of activated sludge aeration on sorption capacity of the sludge for the hazardous substance 2,6-dimethylphenol (DMP). DMP was not degraded by normal activated sludge of a pilot scale treatment plant for municipal wastewater as shown by BOD measurements. Sludge aeration was performed for up to 50 days. In sorption assays the mixed liquor suspensions aerated for different times were added to solutions of DMP (10 to 50 mg/l) in tap water in order to give biomass concentrations of 1 g MLSS/l in the sorption assay. Also a sorption isotherm with different concentrations of activated sludge aerated for 50 days with a constant initial DMP concentration was recorded. In the experiments solid phase DMP concentrations of up to 20.9 mg DMP/g MLSS were found depending on aeration time of the activated sludge. Sorption equilibria were reached within short periods (about 10 min). DMP sorption capacity of activated sludge reached a maximum on the 43rd day of aeration and decreased afterwards. But the sorption capacity of sludge aerated for 43 days was significantly lower (about 40% removal of DMP at 1 g MLSS/l from an aqueous solution containing about 50 mg DMP/l) than the adsorption capacity of activated carbon (100% removal of DMP at 1 g activated carbon/l). On the other hand, activated sludge which had been aerated for an optimum period represents a rather good and cheap sorbent for the refractory DMP, considering the low specific surface of activated sludge compared to the specific surface of activated carbon. However, an appropriate method for removal of the sludge loaded with DMP has to be chosen in order to protect the environment against spreading of the hazardous compound DMP. A multistage biosorption process for DMP removal from industrial wastewater is suggested.

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