Enteric Bacteria Survival Factors

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pommepuy ◽  
J. F. Guillaud ◽  
E. Dupray ◽  
A. Derrien ◽  
F. Le Guyader ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Mediterranean Coast ◽  
Shellfish Farming ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Very High

In order to improve bacterial water quality of shellfish farming areas, studies were conducted in the English Channel (Morlaix) and on the Mediterranean coast (Toulon). These two areas were chosen in order to compare behaviour of fecal bacteria in two different ecosystems. In the estuary of Morlaix sediments are polluted by way of settlement, but most of the bacteria are mixed with turbid waters and are able to survive a very long time (T90 are in a range of several hours to several days). By measuring the increase in salt tolerance of the strains grown in natural organic matter, it was demonstrated that Salmonella can tolerate coastal water salinities. Moreover, because light penetration is prevented by suspended matter, the solar bactericidal effect is very low. On the contrary, through lack of nutrients and very high sunlight intensity, die-off rates in Mediterranean waters are very high (at the surface T90 are less than 2 hours, and several hours in deep waters). A close relationship was found between the light intensity received by bacteria and the T90. Predicted T90 must be found using these two parameters(including turbidity and deep effect on light intensity). The authors suggest that precautions must be taken to carry out impact studies depending on water quality of the area, especially in turbid areas. The knowledge of these mechanisms is very important to evaluate waste water impact on the quality of shellfish farming areas, and to improve elimination of fccal bacteria in sewage treatment plants.

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operation

2008 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Plant Operation ◽  
Treated Sewage ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Microbial Indices

Changes of microbial indices of water quality in the Vistula and Brda rivers as a result of sewage treatment plant operationThis paper reports the results of studies of microbiological changes in the water quality of the Vistula and Brda rivers after the opening of sewage treatment plants in Bydgoszcz. The study involved determining the microbiological parameters of water quality. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the quality of the water in both rivers had improved decidedly after the opening of the plants, although an increased number of individual groups of microorganisms was found at the treated sewage outlet from one of the plants.

What Advantages Can Be Expected from the Acceptance of Variable Quality Standards for Sewage Treatment Effluents?

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 249-251
Author(s):  
Jacques Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Level ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Economical Benefit ◽  
Quality Objective ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Variable Quality

The flow and the water quality of the rivers vary throughout the year. Very frequently the environment protection authorities set up a quality objective for the river water and this mini mum quality level is constant. So, it wou1d seem possible to accept variable quality standards for plant effluents. A first approach of the problem,by a small French task group,based on three actual cases leads to the provisory conclusion that such a regulation is suitable and presents economical benefit only in some very limit ed cases.

scholarly journals Nutrient water quality of the Wye catchment, UK: exploring patterns and fluxes using the Environment Agency data archives

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Jarvie ◽  
C. Neal ◽  
P. J. A. Withers ◽  
A. Robinson ◽  
N. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Mass Load ◽  
Environment Agency

Abstract. Water quality data, collected by the Environment Agency in England and Wales over 10 years (1991 – 2000) were used to examine the spatial distribution of nutrient pollution risk and for assessing broad-scale spatial and temporal variability in nutrient fluxes across the Wye catchment. Nutrient water quality across the upper and middle Wye catchment, and along the main River Wye, is generally very good. However, the main areas of concern lie in the small tributaries in the south and east of the catchment, which have lower dilution capacity and high agricultural and effluent inputs, and where mean Total Reactive Phosphorus (TRP) in some cases exceed 1 mg-P l-1. Indeed, mass load calculations have demonstrated that the lowland south and east portion of the catchment contributes more than 85% of the whole-catchment TRP and more than 78% of nitrate (NO3‾) loads. Ratios of NO3‾:Ca were used to fingerprint different water-types across the catchment, linked to weathering and agricultural activity. The Wye catchment has been subject to two major sets of perturbations during the study period: (i) climatic fluctuations, with a drought during 1995-6, followed by a subsequent drought-break in 1997/8, and extreme high river flows in the autumn/winter of 2000/2001, and (ii) introduction of tertiary P-treatment at major sewage treatment works in the catchment. The implications of these perturbations for the nutrient water quality of the Wye catchment are discussed. Recommendations are made for more targeted monitoring to directly assess diffuse source nutrient contributions. Keywords: nutrients, phosphate, phosphorus, nitrate, nitrogen, river, Wye, PSYCHIC, Defra

Relationships between epipelic diatoms, aquatic macrophytes, and water quality in Akarçay Stream, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kargıoğlu ◽  
Ahmet Serteser ◽  
Ersin Kıvrak ◽  
Yılmaz İçağa ◽  
Muhsin Konuk
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Diatom Assemblages ◽  
Diatom Indices ◽  
Macrophyte Community ◽  
Epipelic Diatoms ◽  
Central Turkey ◽  
Very High ◽  
Macrophyte Index

AbstractThe Akarçay is the most important stream in the Afyonkarahisar region in central Turkey. In this study, the relationships between epipelic diatoms, macrophytes, and the water quality of Akarçay Stream are presented. According to Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), BOD5, COD, TDS, NH4-N, NO2-N, and PO4-P had the most significant effects on the diatom and macrophyte community structures of the stream. According to CCA and Correspondence Analysis (CA), dominant diatom species and macrophytes constituted two groups, eutrophic and polluted. While eutraphentic taxa were abundant among upstream diatoms, hypereutraphentic taxa were found downstream in the Akarçay. The diatom assemblages in the sites upstream were generally characterized by an abundance of β-mesosaprobous and α-mesosaprobous species, while the diatom assemblages downstream had a very high abundance of polisaprobous species. Eutrophic and hypertrophic macrophyte taxa (such as Lemna trisulca, Potamogeton nodosus, and Ranunculus sp.) covered a high percentage of the stream bottom. Both diatom indices and macrophyte indices with the exception of the Biological Macrophyte Index of Rivers (IBMR) were correlated with BOD5, COD, TDS, NH4-N, NO2-N, PO4-P, and EC. Physicochemical variables, diatom and macrophyte taxa and the results of diatom and macrophyte indices indicated that the Akarçay stream basin is eutrophic and organically polluted.

scholarly journals Impact of sewage treatment plant effluent on water quality of Dal Lake, Kashmir, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1915-1921
Author(s):  
Hafsa Farooq Chashoo ◽  
Adnan Abubakr ◽  
MH Balkhi ◽  
Tasaduq H Shah ◽  
Rizwana Malik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dal Lake

Analyzing of water quality at Ooty for drinking purpose

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 091-099
Author(s):  
Gandhimathi A ◽  
Naresh K
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Sample Water ◽  
Very High ◽  
Drinking Purpose

Analyzing of water quality at Ooty town and to provide clean and safe water. The water quality is analyzed and tabulated in this paper. So we are able to know the quality of water available in the sample taken. The water analyzed about the chemical, physical and biological characteristics of water. It is used to measure the appearance of sample water for the need of living. Water samples are collected from the open well (Latitude and longitude coordinates are 11.410000, 76.699997). The samples were tested for parameters like pH, turbidity, total hardness, fluoride, dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, acidity, and alkalinity. The values which are obtained from each parameter were compared with the Indian Standards: 10500 (Drinking water specifications). During the summer season the water demand is very high hence from the result the water was found to be safe for drinking.

scholarly journals Assessment of Drinking Water Quality of Madhyapur-Thimi and Study of Antibiotic Sensitivity against Bacterial Isolates

1970 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bina Laxmi Jayana ◽  
Tista Prasai ◽  
Anjana Singh ◽  
Kayo Devi Yami
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Enteric Bacteria ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Who Guideline

The study was undertaken to assess the existing status of drinking water quality of Madhyapur-Thimi. A total of 105 water samples comprising 50 (47.61%) wells, 45 (42.82%) tap water and 10 (9.52%) stone spouts were randomly collected. The physicochemical and microbiological parameters were analyzed following standard technique. The pH (1.9%), conductivity (34.28%) and turbidity (16.19%) of water samples had crossed the permissible guideline values as prescribed by WHO and national standard. All samples contained nitrate values within the WHO permissible value as well as national standard but hardness (2%), chloride (2.85%), iron (26.66%), ammonia (11.42%), and arsenic content (1.90%) crossed the WHO guideline value but none of the water samples crossed the national standard for arsenic. Arsenic having 0.025mg/l (25ppb) was detected from two well water samples, Makanani well and Ajimanani well. Total coliform count showed 64.76% of samples crossed the WHO guideline values. Eleven different kinds of enteric bacteria were isolated from different sources, Enterobacter spp. being the predominant. Isolates were subjected for antibiotic susceptibility pattern using ten antibiotics. Among total isolates, resistance was directed to 79.5% Erythromycin, 62.67% Penicillin G, 61.9% Amoxycillin, 34.5% Ampicillin, 21.1% Tetracycline, 15.4% Ceftriaxone, 14.7% Amikacin, 14.7% Cephotaxine, 5.6% Chlorophenical and 5.6% Ofloxacin respectively.Key words: Coliform; Enteric bacteria; Permissible value; Physicochemical; Antibiotic resistanceDOI: 10.3126/njst.v10i0.2955Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 10, 2009 Page: 167-172

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic and water quality modelling of Southern Evoikos Gulf, Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-141
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Water Quality Modelling ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Total Capacity ◽  
P Removal

A mathematical model is presented, consisting of a two-layer, finite difference hydrodynamic submodel and a compartmental water quality sub-model. The model is calibrated with field data. Then, it is applied to Southern Evoikos Gulf, an open coastal water body of particular ecological significance in the region of Attiki, in Greece. The application of the model aims at assessing the effect of three alternative treatment scenarios (i.e. biological treatment, biological treatment with N removal and biological treatment with N and P removal) performed in four sewage treatment plants (of a total capacity of 1,000,000 equivalent population) on the water quality of the Gulf. The calculations show that N is the limiting nutrient and its removal results in an improvement of the quality of the recipient, whereas the additional implementation of P removal has a rather limited impact.

scholarly journals Changes in the quality of a small lowland river in Poland under the influence of pollution and a dam reservoir located in its course

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-159
Author(s):  
Donat Hansz ◽  
Katarzyna Kowalczewska-Madura
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
External Loading ◽  
Lowland River ◽  
Dam Reservoir ◽  
Agricultural Areas

AbstractThe study on a small lowland river was conducted in order to determine changes in water quality under external loading (inflow of treated wastewater, runoff from agricultural areas) and the location of a dam reservoir in its course. The 21 km long River Pogona (Greater Poland, Poland) is a small tributary of the Obra Canal in Kościan. In 2004, in its valley, the Jeżewo Reservoir, with an area of 78 ha, was utilized to supply the flow in the Obra Canal during the dry season and to irrigate agricultural areas. The river is also a receiver of treated sewage from the sewage treatment plant in Karolewo. The research, carried out in 2017 at six sampling stations in its course, showed that the discharge of treated wastewater resulted in an increase in conductivity, concentration of ammonium nitrogen, nitrites and total nitrogen in the waters of the River Pogona. On the other hand, the location of the Jeżewo Reservoir in its course contributed to an increase in water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll-a and nitrite concentration in the outflowing river. The results showed that the inflow of treated wastewater from the sewage treatment plant, surface runoff from the catchment area and the Jeżewo Reservoir formed in its course, influenced seasonal and spatial changes in the water quality of the River Pogona.

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