scholarly journals Nutrient water quality of the Wye catchment, UK: exploring patterns and fluxes using the Environment Agency data archives

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 722-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Jarvie ◽  
C. Neal ◽  
P. J. A. Withers ◽  
A. Robinson ◽  
N. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
Mass Load ◽  
Environment Agency

Abstract. Water quality data, collected by the Environment Agency in England and Wales over 10 years (1991 – 2000) were used to examine the spatial distribution of nutrient pollution risk and for assessing broad-scale spatial and temporal variability in nutrient fluxes across the Wye catchment. Nutrient water quality across the upper and middle Wye catchment, and along the main River Wye, is generally very good. However, the main areas of concern lie in the small tributaries in the south and east of the catchment, which have lower dilution capacity and high agricultural and effluent inputs, and where mean Total Reactive Phosphorus (TRP) in some cases exceed 1 mg-P l-1. Indeed, mass load calculations have demonstrated that the lowland south and east portion of the catchment contributes more than 85% of the whole-catchment TRP and more than 78% of nitrate (NO3‾) loads. Ratios of NO3‾:Ca were used to fingerprint different water-types across the catchment, linked to weathering and agricultural activity. The Wye catchment has been subject to two major sets of perturbations during the study period: (i) climatic fluctuations, with a drought during 1995-6, followed by a subsequent drought-break in 1997/8, and extreme high river flows in the autumn/winter of 2000/2001, and (ii) introduction of tertiary P-treatment at major sewage treatment works in the catchment. The implications of these perturbations for the nutrient water quality of the Wye catchment are discussed. Recommendations are made for more targeted monitoring to directly assess diffuse source nutrient contributions. Keywords: nutrients, phosphate, phosphorus, nitrate, nitrogen, river, Wye, PSYCHIC, Defra

scholarly journals Deterioration in the water quality of an urbanised estuary with recommendations for improvement

Water SA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (1 January) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adams JB ◽  
L Pretorius ◽  
GC Snow
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Phytoplankton Blooms ◽  
Water Quality Data

Water quality characteristics of the heavily urbanised and industrialised Swartkops River and Estuary in the Eastern Cape have been the focus of several studies since the 1970s. Overloaded and poorly maintained wastewater treatment works (WWTWs), polluted stormwater runoff and solid waste have all contributed to the deterioration in the water quality of the river and estuary. The objective of this study was to determine the current water quality status of the Swartkops Estuary, by investigating spatial and temporal variability in physico-chemical parameters and phytoplankton biomass and where possiblerelate this to historical water quality data. The present study found evidence suggesting that water is not flushed as efficiently from the upper reaches of the estuary as was previously recorded. Reduced vertical mixing results in strong stratification and persistent eutrophic conditions with phytoplankton blooms (> 20 μg chl a·L−1), extending from the middle reaches to the tidal head of the estuary. The Motherwell Canal was and still is a major source of nitrogen (particularly ammonium) to the estuary, but the Swartkops River is the primary source of phosphorus with excessive inputs from the cumulative effectof three WWTWs upstream. An analysis of historical water quality data in the Swartkops Estuary (1995 to 2013) shows that all recorded dissolved inorganic phosphorus measurements were classified as hypertrophic (> 0.1 mg P·L−1), whereas 41% of dissolved inorganic nitrogen measurements were either mesotrophic or eutrophic. If nutrient removal methods at the three WWTWs were improved and urban runoff into the Motherwell Canal better managed, it is likely that persistent phytoplankton blooms and health risks associated with eutrophication could be reduced.

Making Sense of Water Quality: Multispecies Encounters on the Mystic River

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caterina Scaramelli
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Water Lily ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Water Flows ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Quality Of Water

This paper takes water quality as an ethnographic subject. It looks at how water quality monitors in Boston make sense of the quality of water through mundane engagement with three non-human beings who they encounter during their monitoring activities: herring, bacteria and water lily. Each of these organisms suggests a different understanding of water quality for the monitors and poses a dilemma. Water quality monitors who contribute to the production of water quality data come to know water quality as through direct interactions with these beings, mediated by both sensorial experience and laboratory data. These experiences, at the same time, confuse and redraw relationships between science, water flows, non-human vitality, including that of invasive species, and people.

scholarly journals Dampak Limbah Penambangan Emas Tanpa Izin (Peti) Terhadap Kualitas Air Sungai Limun Kabupaten Sarolangun Propinsi Jambi - The Impact Of Illegal Gold Mining Activity To The Water Quality Of Limun River, Sarolangun District, Jambi Province

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Rita Yulianti ◽  
Emi Sukiyah ◽  
Nana Sulaksana
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
The Impact

Daerah penelitian terletak di desa Muaro Limun, Kecamatan Limun Kabupaten Sarolangun Provinsi Jambi. Sungai limun, salah satu sungai besar di daerah kabupaten sarolangun yang dimanfaatkan oleh mayarakat sekitarnya sebagai sumber penghidupan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kegiatan penambangan terhadap kualitas air sungai Batang Limun, dan perubahan sifat fisik dan  kimia yang diakibatkan   kegiatan penambangan.Metode yang digunakan adalah  metode grab sampel, serta stream sedimen untuk dianalis di laboratorium. Sejumlah sampel diambil di beberapa lokasi Penambangan Emas berdasarkan Aliran Sub-DAS dan dibandingkan dengan beberapa sampel lain yang diambil pada lokasi yang belum terkontaminasi oleh kegiatan penambangan. Analisis kualitas air mengacu pada  SMEWWke 22 tahun 2012 dan standar baku mutu air kelas II dalam PP No 82 yang dikeluarkan oleh Menteri Kesehatan No. 492/Menkes/Per/IV/2010. Diketahui sungai Batang Limun telah mengalami perubahan karakteristik fisika dan kimia. Dari grafik  kosentrasi kekeruhan, pH, TSS, TDS  Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Hg terlihat bahwa penambang emas tanpa izin (PETI) dengan cara amalgamasi yang menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas air sungai. Sejak tahun 2009 sampai tahun 2015  sungai Limun dan sekitarnya terus mengalami penurunan kualitas air. Penurunan kualitas yang cukup tinggi terjadi  yaitu peningkatan nilai Rata-rata konsentrasi merkuri pada sungai Batang Limun dari 0,18ppb (0,00018 mg/l)  menjadi 0,3ppb (0,0003 mg/l), peningkatan tersebut dipengaruhi oleh proses kegiatan penambangan dan nilai tersebut masih dibawah standar baku mutu air kelas II  pp nomor 82 tahun 2010.Kata kunci :   Kualitas Air, Sungai Limun,TSS, Merkuri, PETI Limun river is one of the major rivers in the area of Sarolangun, which utilized by the society as a source of livelihood. The aim of study  to analyze the effect of mining activities on  the water quality of Batang Limun River, and the changes of physical and chemical properties of water. The method used are grab  and stream samples to  sediment analyzed in the laboratory. A number of samples were taken at several locations based Flow Gold Mining Sub-watershed and compared to some other samples taken at the location that has not been contaminated by mining activities. Water quality analysis referring to SMEWW, 22nd edition 2012 and refers to Regulation No 82 that issued by Minister of Health No. 492 / Menkes / Per / IV / 2010.The results showed that the Limun river has undergone chemical changes in physical characteristics. These symptoms can be seen from the discoloration of clear water in the river before the mine becomes brownish after mining, based on graphic of muddiness concentration: pH, TSS, TDS Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Hg have seen that  the illegal miner which used amalgamation caused deterioration in water quality, data from 2009 to 2015 Limun river and surrounding areas continue to experience a decrease in water quality. The decreasing of water quality showed in the TSS parameter which found in the area is to high based on  the standard of water quality class II pp number 82 of 2010. An increase in the value of average concentrations of mercury in the Batang Limun river before mine 0,18ppb (0.00018 mg / l) into 0,3ppb (0.0003 mg / l) on the river after the mine. The increase was affected by the mining activities and the value is still below the air quality standard Grade II pp numbers 82 years 2010, although the value is still below with the standards quality standard, the mercury levels in water should still be a major concern because if it accumulates continuously in the water levels will increase and will be bad for health. In contrast to the concentration of mercury in sediments that have a higher value is 153 ppb (0,513ppm ) .Key Words :   Water Quality, Limun River, Mercury, Illegal gold mining

scholarly journals A Low-Cost Water Quality Monitoring System for the Ayeyarwady River in Myanmar Using a Participatory Approach

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanda Thatoe Nwe Win ◽  
Thom Bogaard ◽  
Nick van de Giesen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
Water Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Lower Accuracy

Newly developed mobile phone applications in combination with citizen science are used in different fields of research, such as public health monitoring, environmental monitoring, precipitation monitoring, noise pollution measurement and mapping, earth observation. In this paper, we present a low-cost water quality mobile phone measurement technique combined with sensor and test strips, and reported the weekly-collected data of three years of the Ayeyarwady River system by volunteers at seven locations and compared these results with the measurements collected by the lab technicians. We assessed the quality of the collected data and their reliability based on several indicators, such as data accuracy, consistency, and completeness. In this study, six local governmental staffs and one middle school teacher collected baseline water quality data with high temporal and spatial resolution. The quality of the data collected by volunteers was comparable to the data of the experienced lab technicians for sensor-based measurement of electrical conductivity and transparency. However, the lower accuracy (higher uncertainty range) of the indicator strips made them less useful in the Ayeyarwady with its relatively small water quality variations. We showed that participatory water quality monitoring in Myanmar can be a serious alternative for a more classical water sampling and lab analysis-based monitoring network, particularly as it results in much higher spatial and temporal resolution of water quality information against the very modest investment and running costs. This approach can help solving the invisible water crisis of unknown water quality (changes) in river and lake systems all over the world.

Forecasting Model Based on SAGA and LS-SVM for the Water Quality of Poyang Lake

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 781-785
Author(s):  
Qun Cao ◽  
Bing Xiang Liu ◽  
Xiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Poyang Lake ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Forecasting Model ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm

According to the nonlinearity and uncertainty of the water quality data samples, a forecasting model based on Simulated Annealing Genetic Algorithm(SAGA)and least squares support vector machines(LS-SVM) is proposed. Through adaptively optimizing the model parameters of LS-SVM by SAGA, we can apply the model to forecast water quality of Poyang Lake. The experimental results indicate that compared to the typical LS-SVM,the model is very practical and with higher precision.

scholarly journals Anthropogenic and catchment characteristic signatures in the water quality of Swiss rivers: a quantitative assessment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Botter ◽  
Paolo Burlando ◽  
Simone Fatichi
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Natural And Anthropogenic Factors

Abstract. The hydrological and biogeochemical response of rivers carries information about solute sources, pathways, and transformations in the catchment. We investigate long-term water quality data of eleven Swiss catchments with the objective to discern the influence of catchment characteristics and anthropogenic activities on delivery of solutes in stream water. Magnitude, trends and seasonality of water quality samplings of different solutes are evaluated and compared across catchments. Subsequently, the empirical dependence between concentration and discharge is used to classify different solute behaviors. Although the influence of catchment geology, morphology and size is sometime visible on in-stream solute concentrations, anthropogenic impacts are much more evident. Solute variability is generally smaller than discharge variability. The majority of solutes shows dilution with increasing discharge, especially geogenic species, while sediment-related solutes (e.g. Total Phosphorous and Organic Carbon species) show higher concentrations with increasing discharge. Both natural and anthropogenic factors impact the biogeochemical response of streams and, while the majority of solutes show identifiable behaviors in individual catchments, only a minority of behaviors can be generalized across catchments that exhibit different natural, climatic and anthropogenic features.

scholarly journals Investigation of water quality from Damanga estuary through the water quality indexing Gujarat

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shefaliben Sureshbhai Patel ◽  
Susmita Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Investigation Area

The seasonal investigation about the water quality from Damanganga river estuary on two habitats downstream and upstream was carried out from January to December 2019 containing three major seasons: winter, summer and monsoon. For this monitoring activity total 29 parameters (24 physico-chemical parameters and 5 heavy metals) were analyzed. Multivariate analyses suggested inter dependency among these studied parameters. Water Quality Index is computed based on the major fluctuated and affected parameters. The calculated values of WQI for all three seasons ranged from 122.84 to 173.82 which suggested poor water quality of the water body. WQI values of the investigation area proposed that the estuarine water quality is deteriorated due to high value of presented heavy metals (Aluminum, Iron, Manganese, Boron and Zinc), Chloride, Ammonium and Sulfate in water sample. In this case, the downstream station is having accessional pollutant contaminations while the upstream station is having diminutive pollutant contaminants. Temporally, the dominant frailty found during the winter followed by summer and monsoon. This study field exhibited poor quality of water; the reason behind this might be the impressive surrounding industrial zone as well as other anthropogenic activities. There is quite normal probability distribution expressed by the represented water quality data at the both habitats. The Bray-Curtis cluster analysis shows different percentage similarity level between the water quality parameters.  

scholarly journals Assessment of Water Quality of Okomu Wetland Using Water Quality Index

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
S. I. Ehiorobo ◽  
A. E. Ogbeibu
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Water Quality Index ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data

The water quality of the Okomu Wetland was evaluated using the Water Quality Index (WQI) technique which provides a number that expresses overall water quality of a water body or water sample at a particular time. Sampling of physicochemical parameters spanned two years covering the wet and dry seasons and the water quality data were obtained from 10 sampling locations; Ponds 36, 52, 54, 61, 64, 90, 94, Arhakhuan Stream, Okomu River (Agekpukpu) and Okomu River (Iron bridge) all within the Okomu National Park. Parameters such as Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Turbidity, pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Chlorine (Cl), Nitrate (NO3), Sulphate (SO4), Sodium (Na), Magnesium (Mg), (Iron) Fe, Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu), Manganese (Mn), Lead (Pb), and Nikel (Ni) were used to compute WQI and the values obtained for the wetland ranged between 34.36 and 167.28. The Index shows that pond 36, 52 and 54 are unfit for drinking with values between 103.86 and 167.28; ponds 61 and 64 are of the very poor quality category with WQI values of 95.19 and 92.44 respectively, Pond 90, pond 94, Arhakhuan Stream and Okomu River (Agekpukpu) are of poor quality and WQI values between and 53.58 and 73.15. Whereas, the Okomu River (Iron bridge) is within the good water quality (34.36) category. The Okomu River by Iron bridge is of good quality rating while other sampled points were of poor, very poor or unfit for drinking though these water bodies are mostly free from anthropogenic activities because of the conservative status of the study area. A major source of pollution within the wetland is surface runoff. The water quality of the wetland may not be suitable for man’s consumption especially pond water which are majorly impacted by runoff, yet very important for the survival and sustenance of the forest animals and plants. The water quality index (WQI) interprets physicochemical characteristics of water by providing a value which expresses the overall water quality and thus, reveals possible pollution problems of a water body. It turns complex water quality data into information that is easily understandable and usable by scientists, researchers and the general public.

scholarly journals Appraisal of Drinking Water Quality in Lahore Residence, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Khalid Mahmood ◽  
Muhammad Asim
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Underground Water ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Quality Of Water

A comprehensive study for the spatial distribution of drinking water quality had been conductedfor residential area of Lahore, Pakistan. The study had made use of the geographic information system(GIS) for geographical representation and spatial analysis of groundwater quality. Physicochemicalparameters including electric conductivity, pH, TDS, Cl, Mg, Ca, alkalinity and bicarbonates from 73 ofthe water samples had been included in the analysis. Water quality data had been geo-referenced followedby its interpolation using inverse distance weighted (IDW) for each of the parameters. Very high alkalinityand bicarbonates values were observed in most parts of the area. For the comprehensive view, water qualityindex map had been prepared using weighted overlay analysis (WOA). The water quality index map wasclassified into five zones of excellent, good, poor, very poor and unfit for drinking as per WHO standardsof drinking water. 21% region had excellent quality of the underground water and 50% was found goodfor drinking. Poor quality of water was found in southeastern part, covering 27% of the study area. Only2% of the area was found under the very poor and unfit water quality conditions for drinking.

scholarly journals The Fluctuation of Water Quality of Ci Lutung flow areas in Majalengka and Sumedang.

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 04013
Author(s):  
Deddy Caesar Agusto ◽  
Eko Kusratmoko
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Data ◽  
Water Quality Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

The river is the main source of water in Indonesia, which at the moment, this quality tends to get worse and is no longer worth consuming for various needs. The cause of the pollution is the entry of pollutants both point source (industrial waste) and non-point source (residential and agricultural land). Rainfall can be a non-point source pollutant agent from a watershed to a water body. The impact of rainfall on increasing concentrations of pollutants is very significant, especially the high intensity rainfall that falls after the long dry season. In this study, water quality data is obtained from river outlets located in Damkamun taken every 30 minutes during the rainfall event so that fluctuation in water quality can be seen. Water quality indicators studied in this research are TDS, DHLNitrate, Phosphate and Ph. The author, in analyzing, using rainfall Himawari 8 which is obtained every 10 minutes. The result shows that rainfall is directly related to the water flow and the fluctuation of the discharge affects the water quality. From the calculations, the chemical quality of water is also influenced by the use of land in the watershed. Nitrate value increases when the occurrence of rain occurs in land use while phosphate experiences a high value during the event.

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