Laboratory-Scale Ozonation of Water Contaminated with Trace Pesticides

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 2257-2260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Koga ◽  
K. Kadokami ◽  
R. Shinohara
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
River Water ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Pesticide Removal

Trace amounts of 39 kinds of pesticide in river water and tap water were determined by a gas Chromatography/mass spectrometry with a selected ion monitoring (GC/MS-SIM). Eighteen pesticides were detected at ng/L levels in the river water samples, and 11 in tap water. The river water was treated with laboratory-scale oxidation processes using ozone and ozone-hydrogen peroxide, and the efficiencies of pesticide removal by the oxidation processes were evaluated. Although several pesticides such as dichlorvos, simazine and atrazin remained in river water after the treatment with ozone alone, the ozone treatment in combination with hydrogen peroxide improved their decompositions. Detection of 11 kinds of pesticides in tap water indicates that those pesticides are slightly removed by the conventional drinking water treatment.

Detection of 30 Acidic Herbicides and Related Compounds as Their Pentafluorobenzylic Derivatives Using Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 1587-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Heberer ◽  
Susanne Butz ◽  
Hans-Juergen Stan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Acidic Herbicides ◽  
Related Compounds

Abstract Thirty phenoxyalkanoic acids, other acidic herbicides, and related compounds were derivatized with pentafluorobenzyl bromide to form their pentafluorobenzylic derivatives. Mass spectra are presented. Determination and detection of the derivatives was performed by capillary gas chromatography (GC)/mass spectrometry. With selected- ion monitoring, an optimized GC method, and appropriate time-window setting, the determination of all compounds could be achieved in a single GC run. The determination of ≤1 pg of the target compounds was achieved using electron-impact ionization in selected-ion monitoring mode. Most of the analytes were extracted from tap water, and recoveries were 80–100% when solid-phase extraction was applied with a carefully selected reversedphase-C18 adsorbent. The method enabled the detection of these contaminants from drinking water at the low nanogram-per-liter level when applying a concentration factor of 10 000.

Effect of advanced oxidation processes on inactivation of coliphages

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 131-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritva L. Rajala-Mustonen ◽  
Helvi Heinonen-Tanski
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Processes ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Phage Titer ◽  
Phage Types ◽  
Dna And Rna

Chlorine and its derivatives are no longer regarded as acceptable disinfectants of water because of compounds they form with organic material in water. These compounds have been proved to be mutagenic and carcinogenic to man. Alternative disinfectants like UV radiation and ozonization are regarded as less harmful disinfectants of microorganisms in water. In the present study the effect of UV radiation alone and together with hydrogen peroxide, and ozone treatment on the inactivation of coliphages in tap water were studied. Two phage types, DNA- and RNA-phages were seeded into tap water and exposed to these disinfectants in batch experiments. The inactivation of phages was determined as a reduction of phage titer as a function of contact time. Disinfection with ozone proved to inactivate coliphages more rapidly than UV light or UV light together with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). After two minutes exposure time the reduction in phage titer was from 6 to 8 log units with ozone while with UV light or UV with H2O2 the reduction was from three to four log units. According to these results ozonization seemed to be more efficient disinfectant than UV light radiation.

scholarly journals Application of Selected Ion Monitoring-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (SIM-GCMS) for Quantification of Poly Aromatic Hydro Carbons in Surface Water from Sarawak, Mambong River (Malaysia)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Isaac John Umaru ◽  
Benedict Samling ◽  
Hauwa A. Umaru
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
River Water ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Trace Level ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ultra Trace

Background: Increasing activities have led to serious environmental problems due to Pullution caused by toxic materials such as poly aromatic carbons whose levels are rising in the environment. Objective: The study presented here carried out the ultra-trace Quantification of Poly Aromatic Hydro carbons in surface water using Selected Ion Monitoring with optimization Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry parameter. Methods: A Shimadzu QP 2010 Plus GCMS equipped with an auto-injector AOC-20i, 30 m x 0.25 mm x 0.25 um of BP-X5 capillary column (SGE, USA) was used to obtain the result of poly aromatic hydrocarbons to separate and quantify the PAH compounds as well as to identify the Polyromantic Hydrocarbon using USEPA. Results: The amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at ultra-trace level in the surface water samples was estimated. Sixteen Poly Aromatic Hydro carbons were identified among which Naphthalene Pyrene (45.7 ng/L), Chrysene (59.38 ng/L), Benzo (g, h, i) perylene (40.35 ng/L) as the major pollutants in the water surface of Mambong River water. Total Poly Aromatic Hydro carbons (PAHs) concentrations ranged from 2.0 to 40 ng L-1 was detected in the river water. Conclusion: The Selected Ion Monitoring -Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (SIM-GCMS) can be considered as sensitive and robust method to analyse PAHs contamination in environmental samples. Thus, help the researchers to uncover the critical areas of environmental pollution at ultra-trace level that many researchers were not able to explore.

scholarly journals Conversion of organic micropollutants with limited bromate formation during the Peroxone process in drinking water treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Knol ◽  
K. Lekkerkerker-Teunissen ◽  
C. J. Houtman ◽  
J. Scheideler ◽  
A. Ried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
River Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Ozone Dose

Abstract. Advanced oxidation with O3 / H2O2 (peroxone) was conducted on pilot plant scale on pre-treated Meuse river water to investigate the conversion of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and the formation of bromate. Fourteen selected model compounds were dosed to the pre-treated river water on a regular basis to assess the efficiency of the peroxone process and to establish the influence of the water matrix. The ozone dose was the main factor in the conversion of the model compounds, however, the ozone dose was limited because of bromate formation. The hydrogen peroxide dosage had only a minor effect on the conversion, but it limited the bromate formation effectively. In terms of limited chemical consumption, maximal conversion and to comply the strict Dutch drinking water act for bromate of 1 μg L−1, a practical peroxone setting was 6 mg L−1 hydrogen peroxide and 1.5 mg L−1 ozone. During the investigation period, the average conversion of the model compounds was 78.9 %. The conversion of OMPs was higher at higher water temperatures and lower concentrations of DOC and bicarbonate. The bromate formation also was higher at higher water temperature and lower bicarbonate concentration and proportional with the bromide concentration, above a threshold of about 32 μg L−1 bromide. The peroxone process can be controlled on basis of the (derived) parameters water temperature, bicarbonate and DOC.

scholarly journals Conversion of organic micropollutants with limited bromate formation during the Peroxone process in drinking water treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-51
Author(s):  
A. H. Knol ◽  
K. Lekkerkerker-Teunissen ◽  
C. J. Houtman ◽  
J. Scheideler ◽  
A. Ried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
River Water ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Organic Micropollutants ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Water Matrix ◽  
Ozone Dose

Abstract. Advanced oxidation with O3/H2O2 (peroxone) is conducted on pilot plant scale on pre-treated Meuse river water to investigate the conversion of organic micropollutants (OMPs) and the formation of bromate. Fourteen selected model compounds are dosed to the pre-treated river water on a regular basis to assess the efficiency of the peroxone process and to establish the influence of the water matrix. The height of the ozone dose is the main factor in the conversion of the model compounds. The conversion of OMPs can be increased by further increasing the ozone dose, however, the ozone dose is limited concerning the bromate formation. The hydrogen peroxide dosage has only a~minor effect on the conversion, but it limits the bromate formation effectively. In terms of limited chemical consumption, maximal conversion and adherence to the strict Dutch guideline for bromate in drinking water, a practical full-scale setting is 6 mg L−1 hydrogen peroxide and 1.5 mg L−1 ozone. During the investigation period, the average conversion of the model compounds was 78.9%. The conversion of OMPs is higher at higher water temperatures and lower concentrations of DOC and bicarbonate. The bromate formation also is higher at higher water temperature and lower bicarbonate concentration and proportional with the bromide concentration, above a threshold of about 32 μg L−1 bromide, below which no bromate is formed. The peroxone process can be controlled on basis of the (derived) parameters water temperature, bicarbonate and DOC.

Characterization of drug interferences caused by coelution of substances in gas chromatography/mass spectrometry confirmation of targeted drugs in full-scan and selected-ion monitoring modes

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A H Wu ◽  
D Ostheimer ◽  
M Cremese ◽  
E Forte ◽  
D Hill
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Spectrometric Analysis ◽  
Targeted Drugs ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Internal Standards ◽  
Target Drug ◽  
Full Scan ◽  
Chromatographic Mass

Abstract Interference by substances coeluting with targeted drugs is a general problem for gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of urine. To characterize these interferences, we examined human urine samples containing benzoylecgonine and fluconazole, and other drug combinations including deuterated internal standards that coelute (ISd,c) with target drugs, by selected-ion monitoring (SIM) and full-scan mass spectrometry. We show that, by SIM analysis, detecting the presence of an interferent is dependent on the specific IS used for the assay. When an ISd,c is used, the presence of another coeluting substance (interferent) suggests that the intensity of IS ions is substantially diminished, because the interferent affects both the ISd,c and target drug. When a noncoeluting IS (ISnc) is used, the interferent cannot be discerned unless it coincidently contains one or more of the ions monitored for either the target drug or ISnc. Under full-scan analysis, a coeluting interferent is directly discernable by examining the total ion gas chromatogram.

scholarly journals Application of Bar Adsorptive Microextraction for the Determination of Levels of Tricyclic Antidepressants in Urine Samples

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3101
Author(s):  
Mariana N. Oliveira ◽  
Oriana C. Gonçalves ◽  
Samir M. Ahmad ◽  
Jaderson K. Schneider ◽  
Laiza C. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Selected Ion Monitoring ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Low Efficiency

This work entailed the development, optimization, validation, and application of a novel analytical approach, using the bar adsorptive microextraction technique (BAμE), for the determination of the six most common tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs; amitriptyline, mianserin, trimipramine, imipramine, mirtazapine and dosulepin) in urine matrices. To achieve this goal, we employed, for the first time, new generation microextraction devices coated with convenient sorbent phases, polymers and novel activated carbons prepared from biomaterial waste, in combination with large-volume-injection gas chromatography-mass spectrometry operating in selected-ion monitoring mode (LVI-GC-MS(SIM)). Preliminary assays on sorbent coatings, showed that the polymeric phases present a much more effective performance, as the tested biosorbents exhibited low efficiency for application in microextraction techniques. By using BAμE coated with C18 polymer, under optimized experimental conditions, the detection limits achieved for the six TCAs ranged from 0.2 to 1.6 μg L−1 and, weighted linear regressions resulted in remarkable linearity (r2 > 0.9960) between 10.0 and 1000.0 μg L−1. The developed analytical methodology (BAμE(C18)/LVI-GC-MS(SIM)) provided suitable matrix effects (90.2–112.9%, RSD ≤ 13.9%), high recovery yields (92.3–111.5%, RSD ≤ 12.3%) and a remarkable overall process efficiency (ranging from 84.9% to 124.3%, RSD ≤ 13.9%). The developed and validated methodology was successfully applied for screening the six TCAs in real urine matrices. The proposed analytical methodology proved to be an eco-user-friendly approach to monitor trace levels of TCAs in complex urine matrices and an outstanding analytical alternative in comparison with other microextraction-based techniques.

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