Occurrence of nonylphenol, nonylphenol ethoxylate surfactants and nonylphenol carboxylic acids in wastewater in Japan

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 27-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Komori ◽  
Y. Okayasu ◽  
M. Yasojima ◽  
Y. Suzuki ◽  
H. Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Nonylphenol Ethoxylate ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Treatment Processes

Nonylphenol (NP) is known to be a byproduct of nonylphenol ethoxylates (NPnEO) which are used as detergents in industry. It is important that not only NP but also NPnEO and their related substances are analysed when behaviour of NP in the wastewater treatment process is surveyed. NPnEO are biodegraded to shorter ethoxylate (EO) chain NPnEO or nonylphenol carboxylates (NPnEC) under aerobic conditions, and then biodegraded to NP under anaerobic conditions. NP is one of the suspected endocrine disruptors (ED). Moreover, shorter EO chain NPnEO has greater toxicity than longer EO chain NPnEO. We conducted a field survey of NP and its related substances in 20 wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The concentrations (median) of NP and its related substances in the WWTPs' influent ranged from 0.1 to 8.3 μg/L, showing NP concentration as the same level as those previously reported. The reduction of the long EO chain NPnEO in the WWTPs was almost complete, while the removal efficiency for the short EO chain NPnEO was less significant than the long EO chain NPnEO, suggesting that the degradation rate of the short EO chain NPnEO was lower than that of the long EO chain NPnEO in the wastewater treatment processes.

Compact high-rate treatment of wastewater

2004 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33
Author(s):  
H. Ødegaard ◽  
Z. Liao ◽  
E. Melin ◽  
H. Helness
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Direct Filtration ◽  
Colloidal Matter

Many cities need to build compact wastewater treatment plants because of lack of land. This paper discusses compact treatment methods. An enhanced primary treatment process based on coarse media filtration is analysed. A high-rate secondary wastewater treatment process has specifically been investigated, consisting of a highly loaded moving bed biofilm reactor directly followed by a coagulation and floc separation step. The objective with this high-rate process is to meet secondary treatment effluent standards at a minimum use of chemicals, minimum sludge production and minimum footprint. It is demonstrated that the biofilm in the bioreactor mainly deals with the soluble organic matter while coagulation deals with the colloidal matter. The bioreactor may, therefore, be designed based on the soluble COD loading only, resulting in a very compact plant when a compact biomass/floc separation reactor (i.e. flotation or direct filtration) is used. The paper reports specifically on the coagulant choice in flotation and filter run time in direct filtration.

scholarly journals Simultaneous Denitrification and Bio-Methanol Production for Sustainable Operation of Biogas Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 6658 ◽  
Author(s):  
I-Tae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Methanol Production ◽  
Sustainable Operation ◽  
Biogas Plants

This study was conducted to secure the sustainability of biogas plants for generating resources from food waste (FW) leachates, which are prohibited from marine dumping and have been obligated to be completely treated on land since 2013 in South Korea. The aim of this study is to reduce the nitrogen load of the treatment process while producing bio-methanol using digested FW leachate diverted into wastewater treatment plants. By using biogas in conditions where methylobacter (M. marinus 88.2%) with strong tolerance to highly chlorinated FW leachate dominated, 3.82 mM of methanol production and 56.1% of total nitrogen (TN) removal were possible. Therefore, the proposed method can contribute to improving the treatment efficiency by accommodating twice the current carried-in FW leachate amount based on TN or by significantly reducing the nitrogen load in the subsequent wastewater treatment process. Moreover, the produced methanol can be an effective alternative for carbon source supply for denitrification in the subsequent process.

Fate and mass balances of triclosan (TCS), tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) during the municipal wastewater treatment process

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry McPhedran ◽  
Rajesh Seth ◽  
Min Song ◽  
Shaogang Chu ◽  
Robert J. Letcher
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Mass Balances ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Detroit River

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWTPs) are impacted by down-the-drain influents of anthropogenic chemicals. These chemicals are in consumer products and include the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and antimicrobial triclosan (TCS). Characterization of the distribution of TBBPA, TCS and the TBBPA product tribromobisphenol A (tri-BBPA) was determined at five stages along the treatment process of a typical Canadian MWTP facility. Overall, the TCS concentrations for both liquid (influents, primary effluents and final effluents (FEs)) and solid samples (primary and waste activated sludges) were similar to reported ranges in the literature. In contrast to TCS, both TBBPA and tri-BBPA concentrations were scarcely available in the literature. The TBBPA concentrations were within literature ranges for both influents and sludges, while the tri-BBPA sludge concentrations were markedly higher than a single available previous study. Mass balances for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA indicated 7, 9 and 42%, respectively, of each chemical remaining in the FEs. The resultant annual mass loadings into the Detroit River were estimated to be 3.3 kg, 6.57 g, and 21.5 g for TCS, TBBPA and tri-BBPA, respectively.

Influence of Biologically Active Substances on Wastewater Treatment Process

2017 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 879-883 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. Khabibrakhmanova ◽  
N.A. Yugina ◽  
M.V. Shulaev
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Anaerobic Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic Conditions

The analysis of processes intensification of biological wastewater treatment in aerobic and anaerobic conditions using a new generation of bio-stimulants was performed. The humic preparation and synthetic Melaphen influence was investigated on the biocenosis sludge. The humic preparation and Melaphen provided different effects on the growth of microorganisms in the sludge. It was shown that effect depends on concentration of bio-stimulants and stage of microorganisms growth. The concentrations 10-1 and 10-3 g /dm3 for humic preparation and Melaphen respectively were intensified microorganisms growth. The results show that using humic preparation 10-3 g /dm3 and Melaphen - 10-6 mg/dm3 the most effective for the treatment of wastewater in aerobic conditions, but using humic preparation 10-1 g/dm3 and Melaphen - 10-6 mg/dm3 in anaerobic conditions.

Fate of oestrogenic compounds and identification of oestrogenicity in a wastewater treatment process

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 51-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nakada ◽  
M. Yasojima ◽  
Y. Okayasu ◽  
K. Komori ◽  
H. Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Column Chromatography ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Instrumental Analysis ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Vitro Assay ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Understanding of the fate of oestrogen and oestrogenic compounds is important in improving the removal efficiency for oestrogens in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study an attempt was made to clarify the fate of oestrogen, oestrogen sulphates, and oestrogenic compounds (synthetic oestrogen, nonylphenol and its relatives) by an instrumental analysis, and the fate of oestrogenicity by an in vitro assay. The investigation was conducted in an activated sludge WWTP in winter and summer, focusing on identification of the primary substances that induce oestrogenicity. Wastewater samples were analysed by employing the silica-gel fractionation technique in conjunction with two-step column chromatography. The results revealed that, in winter, the WWTP efficiencies for the removal of nitrogen and oestrogens decreased and the oestrone level increased with the progress of the treatment. Oestrone and oestrogenic substances are likely to circulate between the aeration tank and the final sedimentation tank. In summer, however, these compounds were effectively removed in the WWTP. The results of the column chromatography coupled with the bioassay suggested that E1 and E2 are the predominant contributors to the oestrogenicity in the influent, return sludge and effluent of the WWTP. The measurement by the instrumental analysis supported these findings.

Detection of unusual data in online monitoring of wastewater processing

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-79
Author(s):  
T. Kanaya ◽  
K. Hirabayashi ◽  
I. Fujita ◽  
K. Tsumura
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Sensor Technology ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Limit Values

A basic of process control is to understand process conditions with measuring instruments and to operate processes so as to realize target conditions. If input measured values were inaccurate, output of manipulated variables would become improper and, as a result, it would be difficult to bring the process to the desired condition. In the wastewater treatment process, thanks to the latest progress in sensor technology, numerous automatic measuring instruments have been introduced. However, because of adverse environmental conditions peculiar to the wastewater treatment process such as slime-contaminated sensing elements, long-term continuous measurement is rather difficult. We believe such disadvantages in the measurement are making automatic control of the process very difficult to achieve. Under such circumstances, we have developed a detection system for unusual data which automatically checks six items of deviation from upper and lower limit values, rate of change (too much or too little), collating data from similar measuring instruments, etc. based on the measuring data of the last 30 days. With this system, validity of the accumulated data is being checked using measuring data. Accordingly, it enables us to deal with characteristics of measuring instruments, situations of wastewater treatment plants, seasonal changes, etc. automatically. In this report, automatic methods to establish judgement criteria, structure of this detection system and logic of detection of unusual data are introduced. Furthermore, test results with the data collected from actual wastewater treatment plants are covered.

Energy consumption model for wastewater treatment process control

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqi Huang ◽  
Honggui Han ◽  
Junfei Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Elman Neural Network ◽  
Effluent Quality ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Energy Consumption Model ◽  
Consumption Model ◽  
The Relationship

Wastewater treatment must satisfy discharge requirements under specified constraints and have minimal operating costs (OC). The operating results of wastewater treatment processes (WWTPs) have significantly focused on both the energy consumption (EC) and effluent quality (EQ). To reflect the relationship between the EC and EQ of WWTPs directly, an extended Elman neural network-based energy consumption model (EENN-ECM) was studied for WWTP control in this paper. The proposed EENN-ECM was capable of predicting EC values in the treatment process. Moreover, the self-adaptive characteristic of the EENN ensured the modeling accuracy. A performance demonstration was carried out through a comparison of the EC between the benchmark simulation model No.1 (BSM1) and the EENN-ECM. The experimental results demonstrate that this EENN-ECM is more effective to model the EC of WWTPs.

Wild Type and Variants of Sars-Cov-2 in Parisian Sewage: Dynamics in Raw Water and Fate in Wastewater Treatment Plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa LOPEZ VIVEROS ◽  
Sam AZIMI ◽  
Elodie PICHON ◽  
Céline ROOSE-AMSALEG ◽  
Ariane BIZE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Digital Polymerase Chain Reaction

Abstract The presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA has been extensively reported at the influent of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) worldwide and its monitoring has been proposed as a potential surveillance tool to early alert of epidemic outbreaks. However, the fate of the SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the treatment process of WWTP has not been widely studied yet; therefore in this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficiency of treatment processes in reducing SARS-CoV-2 RNA levels in wastewater. The treatment process of three WWTPs of the Parisian area in France were monitored on six different weeks over a period of two months (from April 14th to June 9th 2021). SARS-CoV-2 RNA copies were detected using digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR). Investigation on the presence of variants of concern (Del69-70E484 and L452R) was also performed. Additionally, SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads in the WWTPs influents were expressed as the viral charge per population equivalent and showed a good correlation with French public health indicators (incidence rate). SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads were notably reduced along the water treatment lines of the three WWTPs studied (2.5-3.4 log). Finally, very low SARS-CoV-2 RNA loads were detected in effluents (non-detected in over half of the samples) which indicated that the potential health risk of the release of wastewater effluents to the environment is probably insignificant, in the case of WWTPs enabling an efficient biological removal of nitrogen.

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