Total nitrogen removal from high-strength ammonia recycle stream using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Onnis-Hayden ◽  
P.B. Pedros ◽  
J. Reade
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Attached Growth ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

An experimental study investigating the nitrogen removal efficiency from the recycle stream generated in the dewatering facility of the anaerobically digested sludge at the Deer Island wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Boston was conducted using a single submerged attached growth bioreactor (SAGB), designed for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification. The applied nitrogen loading to the reactor ranged from 0.7 to 2.27 kg-N/m3·d, and the corresponding total nitrogen (TN) removal rate ranged from 0.38 to 1.8 kg-N/m3·d. The observed nitrification rates varied from 0.42 kg-N/m3·d to 1.45 kg-N/m3·d with an ammonia load of 0.5 kg-N/m3·d and 1.8 kg-N/m3·d, respectively. An average nitrification efficiency of 91% was achieved throughout the experiment. Denitrification efficiency varied from 55%, obtained without any addition of carbon source, to 95% when methanol was added in order to obtain a methanol/nitrate ratio of about 3 kg methanol/kg NO3−-N.

Intermittent feeding of wastewater in combination with alternating aeration for complete denitrification and control of filaments

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 2259-2266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Styliani Kantartzi ◽  
Paraschos Melidis ◽  
Alexander Aivasidis
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Settling Tank ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Anoxic Conditions ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

In the present study, a laboratory scale system, consisting of a primary settling tank, a continuous stirred tank reactor and a clarifier were constructed and operated, using wastewater from the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Xanthi, Greece. The system operated under intermittent aeration in aerobic/anoxic conditions and feeding of the wastewater once in every cycle. The unit was inoculated with sludge, which originated from the recirculation stream of the local wastewater treatment plant. The wastewater was processed with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 12 h, in which various experimental states were studied regarding the combination of aerobic and anoxic intervals. The wastewater was fed in limited time once in every cycle of aerobic/anoxic conditions at the beginning of the anoxic period. The two states that exhibited highest performance in nitrification and total nitrogen removal were, then, repeated with HRT of 10 h. The results show that, regarding the nitrification stage and the organic load removal, the intermittent system achieved optimum efficiency, with an overall removal of biological oxygen demand (BOD5) and ammonium nitrogen in the range of 93–96% and 91–95% respectively. As far as the total nitrogen removal is concerned, and if the stage of the denitrification is taken into account, the performance of the intermittent system surpassed other methods, as it is shown by the total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) removal efficiency of 85–87%. These operating conditions suppressed the growth of filamentous organisms, a fact reflected at the SVI values, which were lower than 150 ml/g.

scholarly journals Upflow packed bed Anammox reactor used in two-stage deammonification of sludge digester effluent

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1843-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
İ. Çelen-Erdem ◽  
E. S. Kurt ◽  
B. Bozçelik ◽  
B. Çallı
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Packed Bed ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Abstract The sludge digester effluent taken from a full scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Istanbul, Turkey, was successfully deammonified using a laboratory scale two-stage partial nitritation (PN)/Anammox (A) process and a maximum nitrogen removal rate of 1.02 kg N/m3/d was achieved. In the PN reactor, 56.8 ± 4% of the influent NH4-N was oxidized to NO2-N and the effluent nitrate concentration was kept below 1 mg/L with 0.5–0.7 mg/L of dissolved oxygen and pH of 7.12 ± 12 at 24 ± 4°C. The effluent of the PN reactor was fed to an upflow packed bed Anammox reactor where high removal efficiency was achieved with NO2-N:NH4-N and NO3-N:NH4-N ratios of 1.32 ± 0.19:1 and 0.22 ± 0.10:1, respectively. The results show that NH4-N removal efficiency up to 98.7 ± 2.4% and total nitrogen removal of 87.7 ± 6.5% were achieved.

Experience from start-ups of the first ANITA Mox Plants

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2677-2684 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Christensson ◽  
S. Ekström ◽  
A. Andersson Chan ◽  
E. Le Vaillant ◽  
R. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up

ANITA™ Mox is a new one-stage deammonification Moving-Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) developed for partial nitrification to nitrite and autotrophic N-removal from N-rich effluents. This deammonification process offers many advantages such as dramatically reduced oxygen requirements, no chemical oxygen demand requirement, lower sludge production, no pre-treatment or requirement of chemicals and thereby being an energy and cost efficient nitrogen removal process. An innovative seeding strategy, the ‘BioFarm concept’, has been developed in order to decrease the start-up time of new ANITA Mox installations. New ANITA Mox installations are started with typically 3–15% of the added carriers being from the ‘BioFarm’, with already established anammox biofilm, the rest being new carriers. The first ANITA Mox plant, started up in 2010 at Sjölunda wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Malmö, Sweden, proved this seeding concept, reaching an ammonium removal rate of 1.2 kgN/m3 d and approximately 90% ammonia removal within 4 months from start-up. This first ANITA Mox plant is also the BioFarm used for forthcoming installations. Typical features of this first installation were low energy consumption, 1.5 kW/NH4-N-removed, low N2O emissions, <1% of the reduced nitrogen and a very stable and robust process towards variations in loads and process conditions. The second ANITA Mox plant, started up at Sundets WWTP in Växjö, Sweden, reached full capacity with more than 90% ammonia removal within 2 months from start-up. By applying a nitrogen loading strategy to the reactor that matches the capacity of the seeding carriers, more than 80% nitrogen removal could be obtained throughout the start-up period.

scholarly journals Treatment performance, nitrous oxide production and microbial community under low-ammonium wastewater in a CANON process

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
pp. 3468-3477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixing Mi ◽  
Jianqiang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqian Ding ◽  
Guanghuan Ge ◽  
Rixiang Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Nitrous Oxide Production ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Canon Process

Abstract To investigate the characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidation for treating low-ammonium wastewater, a continuous-flow completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilm reactor was studied. At a temperature of 32 ± 1 °C and a pH between 7.5 and 8.2, two operational experiments were performed: the first one fixed the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 10 h and gradually reduced the influent ammonium concentrations from 210 to 50 mg L−1; the second one fixed the influent ammonium concentration at 30 mg L−1 and gradually decreased the HRT from 10 to 3 h. The results revealed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency exceeded 80%, with a corresponding total nitrogen removal rate of 0.26 ± 0.01 kg N m−3 d−1 at the final low ammonium concentration of 30 mg L−1. Small amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O) up to 0.015 ± 0.004 kg m−3 d−1 at the ammonium concentration of 210 mg L−1 were produced in the CANON process and decreased with the decrease in the influent ammonium loads. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis indicated that the dominant functional bacteria ‘Candidatus Kuenenia’ under high influent ammonium levels were gradually succeeded by Armatimonadetes_gp5 under low influent ammonium levels.

Intermittent Aeration for Nitrogen Removal in Small Aerated Lagoon

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 335-341 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Koottatep ◽  
C. Leesanga ◽  
H. Araki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Save Energy

Intermittent aeration has been proved to be an efficient method in nitrogen removal in many biological treatment processes. Aerated lagoon has been used as domestic wastewater treatment for a small housing estates in Thailand for quite sometime. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intermittent aeration of aerated lagoon could provide efficient nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater. The experiment was carried out using pilot scale aerated lagoon at Chiangmai University. The result showed that 45% of total nitrogen removal could be achieved by aeration and non-aeration of 12 hours each cycle. The intermittent aeration did not affect organic substances removal of the process. Sludge recycle during non-aeration period may improve total nitrogen removal. The method could be introduced to save energy of small wastewater treatment plant.

The characteristics of nitrogen removal by the biofilter system

2000 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.F. Ouyang ◽  
R.J. Chiou ◽  
C.T. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bulk Solution ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Recycle Ratio ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Set Up

Previous research has shown that nitrogen from municipal wastewater could be eliminated by a biofilter system. In this study a system of combined pre-denitrification/nitrification biofilters was set up. It is to investigate the effect of the hydraulic loading and recycled ratio on nitrogen removal. The characteristics of bacterial activity at different heights is discussed. The experiment shows that longer hydraulic loading would result in better total nitrogen removal. Total nitrogen removal might be not dependent on denitrification but nitrification. Hydraulic loading that affects nitrification might be due to the diffusion of NH3–N from the bulk solution to the inner biofilm. The recycling NO3–N could be completely eliminated in the anoxic biofilter. The operation with longer retention time (HRT of 12 hours) would result in inner denitrification in the aerobic biofilter. Biological activity could be determined by the distribution of bacteria. The specific rates of pollutant decomposition depend on biological activity and effective biological VSS. The effect of the recycled ratio on the nitrogen removal is significant. Total nitrogen removal rate and nitrogen type of effluent would be determined by recycle ratio. The operation at low recycled ratio would result in worse total nitrogen removal, but the NH3–N of effluent would be lower. The operation in higher recycle ratio would be opposite to low recycle ratio.

New operational strategy for SBR technology for total nitrogen removal from industrial wastewaters highly loaded with nitrogen

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Villaverde ◽  
P. A. García Encina ◽  
M. L. Lacalle ◽  
F. Fdz-Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Potato Starch ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Operational Strategy ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Five Phases

The present work deals with the upgrading of conventional Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) technology for treating industrial wastewater. The aim is to obtain total nitrogen removal in a single SBR by implementing short aeration cycles. The operational strategy of conventional SBR consisting of a sequence of five phases (filling, aeration, stirring, settling and withdrawing) is simplified into a four phases sequence (filling, short cycled aeration, settling and withdrawing). This operational sequence has been proven to be adequate for total nitrogen removal from high strength wastewater containing nitrogen (up to 700 mg TKN/L) and organic matter (up to 2,000 mg COD/L). Short-cycled aeration allowed for a more efficient use of the oxygen supply for nitrification and the organic carbon content present in the wastewater for denitrification. The results here reported show that initially the tested technology is feasible and can report significant cuts in operation and maintenance when compared with conventional SBR processes. Total nitrogen removal up to 79% was attained treating the effluent of an UASB process designed for treating the wastewater of a potato starch factory. Total nitrogen removal capacities ranging between 0.2 and 0.65 kg of nitrogen per cubic metre per day are reported.

Effect of Ca2+ and Fe3+ Addition on Nitrification-Denitrification Process in a Membrane Bioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 422-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Jie Sun ◽  
Hong Hong Wang ◽  
Hai Feng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Ferric Ion ◽  
Submerged Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Denitrification Process

Study on the effect of Ca2+and Fe3+addition on nitrification-denitrification process in a submerged membrane bioreactor was conducted. The removal rate of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen was investigated. The result indicated that the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal rate increased from 75% to 85% and 55% to 75%, respectively, as the calcium concentration ranging from 0 to 150 mg/L, which indicated that the nitrification and denitrification process were promoted. Ferric ion of 50 mg/L obtained a considerable increase in TN removal from 55% to 70% ,with an increase of ammonia nitrogen removal rate from 75% to 83%. However, ferric ion concentration ranging between 100 mg/L and 150mg/L caused a decrease of both total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency, indicating that the activity of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria was inhibited.

scholarly journals Modeling granule-based completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over the nitrite (CANON) process in an SBR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Cai ◽  
Qiang He ◽  
Sheng Zhang ◽  
Jiajia Ding
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Heterotrophic Microorganisms ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

Abstract Based on the simplified activated sludge model No. 1 (ASM1), a 1D biofilm model containing autotrophic microorganisms and heterotrophic microorganisms was developed to describe the microbial population dynamics and reactor dynamics of CANON SBR. After sensitivity analysis and calibration for parameters, the simulation results of NH4+-N concentration and NO2−-N concentration were consistent with the measured results, while the simulated NO3−-N concentration was slightly lower than the measured. The simulation results showed that the soluble microbial products had an extremely low concentration. The aerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria and anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria were the dominant microbial populations of the CANON system, while nitrite oxidization bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria were eliminated completely. The optimal ratio of air aeration load to influent NH4+-N load was about 0.18 L air/mgN. The operation condition of the reactor was optimized according to the simulation results, and the total nitrogen removal rate and the total nitrogen removal efficiency increased from 0.312 ± 0.015 to 0.485 ± 0.013 kg N/m3/d and from 71.2 ± 4.3 to 85.7 ± 1.4%, respectively.

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