Application of combined membrane biological reactor and electro-oxidation processes for the treatment of landfill leachates

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathi Aloui ◽  
Firas Fki ◽  
Slim Loukil ◽  
Sami Sayadi
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Electro Oxidation

Landfill leachate (LFL) is a very complex wastewater that poses considerable hazards to local communities and the environment. With this concern in mind, the present study was undertaken to investigate the performance of an aerobic membrane bioreactor treating raw LFL from Djebel Chekir (Tunisia) discharge. The LFL samples collected from this site were found to be highly loaded with organic matter, ammonia, salts, greases, phenols and hydrocarbons. Important removals of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH4+-N were attained after 44 days of treatment at optimum conditions for the membrane and with organic loading rates (OLR) of 1.9 and 2.7 grams COD per litter and day. This treatment allowed for an important detoxification of the landfill leachates and a significant elimination of the microorganisms. Electrochemical oxidation using Pi/Ti was applied as a post-treatment and after the biological process in order to reduce the residual ammonia and COD. At a pH value of 9, current density of 4 A dm−2 and electrolysis time of 60 minutes, COD and ammonia nitrogen were reduced to 1,000 mg L−1 and 27 mg L−1, respectively. COD and NH4+-N removals were accompanied by significant detoxification.

scholarly journals Effects of High Sludge Cycle Frequency on Performance and Syntrophic Metabolism of Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor for Treating High-Lipid Kitchen Waste Slurry

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2673 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolan Xiao ◽  
Wansheng Shi ◽  
Wenquan Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Kitchen Waste ◽  
Cycle Frequency ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Syntrophic Degradation

The performance and syntrophic metabolism of the Anaerobic Membrane Bio-reactor (AnMBR) treating high-lipid kitchen waste slurry under different sludge cycle frequencies were investigated in this study. When the sludge cycle frequencies were 3.6 cycles/h, 9.0 cycles/h and 14.4 cycles/h, the obtained Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) were 10.3 kg-COD/m3d, 12.4 kg-COD/m3d and 18.1 kg-COD/m3d, while the corresponding biogas productions were 190 L/d, 310 L/d and 520 L/d. Moreover, with an increase of sludge cycle frequency, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency improved from 86.2% to 90.4% and 96.3%. Additionally, the higher sludge cycle frequency did not break up the sludge flocs and further affect the syntrophic degradation of the toxic Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs). Conversely, the higher sludge cycle frequency enhanced LCFA degradation and decreased LCFA accumulation. Meanwhile, under higher sludge cycle frequencies, the abundance of syntrophic Methanobacterium, Syntrophomonas and Clostridium increased and favored the syntrophic metabolism of LCFAs.

Tilapia rearing with high rate algal pond effluent: ammonia surface loading rates and stocking densities effects

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
I. A. Sánchez ◽  
R. K. X. Bastos ◽  
E. A. T. Lana
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Surface Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Total Weight Gain ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Total Ammonia

Abstract In two pilot-scale experiments, fingerlings and juvenile of tilapia were reared in high rate algal pond (HRAP) effluent. The combination of three different total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) surface loading rates (SLR1 = 0.6, SLR2 = 1.2; SLR3 = 2.4 kg TAN·ha−1·d−1) and two fish stocking densities (D1 = 4 and D2 = 8 fish per tank) was evaluated during two 12-week experiments. Fingerlings total weight gain varied from 4.9 to 18.9 g, with the highest value (equivalent to 0.225 g·d−1) being recorded in SLR2-D1 treatment; however, high mortality (up to 67%) was recorded, probably due to sensitivity to ammonia and wide daily temperature variations. At lower water temperatures, juvenile tilapia showed no mortality, but very low weight gain. The fish rearing tanks worked as wastewater polishing units, adding the following approximate average removal figures on top of those achieved at the HRAP: 63% of total Kjeldahl nitrogen; 54% of ammonia nitrogen; 42% of total phosphorus; 37% of chemical oxygen demand; 1.1 log units of Escherichia coli.

Anaerobic co-digestion of winery waste and waste activated sludge: assessment of process feasibility

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Da Ros ◽  
C. Cavinato ◽  
F. Cecchi ◽  
D. Bolzonella
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand

In this study the anaerobic co-digestion of wine lees together with waste activated sludge in mesophilic and thermophilic conditions was tested at pilot scale. Three organic loading rates (OLRs 2.8, 3.3 and 4.5 kgCOD/m3d) and hydraulic retention times (HRTs 21, 19 and 16 days) were applied to the reactors, in order to evaluate the best operational conditions for the maximization of the biogas yields. The addition of lee to sludge determined a higher biogas production: the best yield obtained was 0.40 Nm3biogas/kgCODfed. Because of the high presence of soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) and polyphenols in wine lees, the best results in terms of yields and process stability were obtained when applying the lowest of the three organic loading rates tested together with mesophilic conditions.

scholarly journals Anaerobic treatment of glycerol for methane and hydrogen production

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Microbial Culture ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Fermentative Hydrogen Production ◽  
Initial Ph

This work focused on glycerol exploitation for biogas and hydrogen production. Anaerobic digestion of pure glycerol was studied in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), operated under mesophilic conditions (35oC) at various organic loading rates. The overall operation of the reactor showed that it could not withstand organic loading rates above 0.25 g COD L-1 d-1, where the maximum biogas (0.42 ± 0.05 L (g COD)-1) and methane (0.30 ± 0.04 L (g COD)-1) production were achieved. Fermentative hydrogen production was carried out in batch reactors under mesophilic conditions (35oC), using heat-pretreated anaerobic microbial culture as inoculum. The effects of initial concentration of glycerol and initial pH value on hydrogen production were studied. The highest yield obtained was 22.14 ± 0.46 mL H2 (g COD added)-1 for an initial pH of 6.5 and an initial glycerol concentration of 8.3 g COD L-1. The main metabolic product was 1.3 propanediol (PDO), while butyric and acetic acids as well as ethanol, at lower concentrations, were also determined.

scholarly journals Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Acidified Palm Oil Mill Effluent under Various Organic Loading Rates and Temperatures

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2432
Author(s):  
Muhammad Arif Fikri Hamzah ◽  
Peer Mohamed Abdul ◽  
Safa Senan Mahmod ◽  
Azratul Madihah Azahar ◽  
Jamaliah Md. Jahim
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Methane Formation ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

This study compared the performance of thermophilic and mesophilic digesters of an anaerobic digestion system from palm oil mill effluent (POME), in which temperature is a key parameter that can greatly affect the performance of anaerobic digestion. The digesters were incubated at two distinct temperatures of 55 and 37 °C, and operated with varying organic loading rates (OLRs) of 2.4, 3.2, and 4.0 g COD/L.d by altering the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of acidified POME during feeding. The results indicated that the performance of anaerobic digestion increased as the OLR increased from 2.4 to 4.0 g COD/L.d. At the OLR of 4.0 g COD/L.d, the thermophilic condition showed the highest methane yield of 0.31 ± 0.01 L/g COD, accompanied by the highest COD removal and volatile solid reduction, which were found to be higher than the mesophilic condition. Microbial community analysis via denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that Methanothermobacter sp. emerges as the dominant microbe, which is known to utilize the carbon dioxide pathway with hydrogen acting as an electron donor for methane formation

scholarly journals Performance of Anaerobic Digestion of Chicken Manure Under Gradually Elevated Organic Loading Rates

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Wang ◽  
Mengfu Pei ◽  
Ling Qiu ◽  
Yiqing Yao ◽  
Congguang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Methane Content ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Loading Rates

Poultry manure is the main source of agricultural and rural non-point source pollution, and its effective disposal through anaerobic digestion (AD) is of great significance; meanwhile, the high nitrogen content of chicken manure makes it a typical feedstock for anaerobic digestion. The performance of chicken-manure-based AD at gradient organic loading rates (OLRs) in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) was investigated herein. The whole AD process was divided into five stages according to different OLRs, and it lasted for 150 days. The results showed that the biogas yield increased with increasing OLR, which was based on the volatile solids (VS), before reaching up to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), while the methane content was kept relatively stable and maintained at approximately 60%. However, when the VS was further increased to 11.5 g VS/(L·d), the total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), pH, and alkalinity (CaCO3) rose to 2560 mg·L−1, 8.2, and 15,000 mg·L−1, respectively, while the volumetric biogas production rate (VBPR), methane content, and VS removal efficiency decreased to 0.30 L·(L·d)−1, 45%, and 40%, respectively. Therefore, the AD performance immediately deteriorated and ammonia inhibition occurred. Further analysis demonstrated that the microbial biomass yield and concentrations dropped dramatically in this period. These results indicated that the AD stayed steady when the OLR was lower than 11.5 g VS/(L·d); this also provides valuable information for improving the efficiency and stability of AD of a nitrogen-rich substrate.

scholarly journals Dolomitic limestone as an alkalizing agent for treating cassava starch wastewater in an anaerobic reactor

Revista CERES ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 388-394
Author(s):  
Denise Palma ◽  
Julia Piechontcoski Fernandes ◽  
Marney Pascoli Cereda ◽  
Simone Damasceno Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cassava Starch ◽  
Total Alkalinity ◽  
Dolomitic Limestone ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Reactor Operation ◽  
Anaerobic Reactor ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Volatile Acidity ◽  
Starch Wastewater

ABSTRACT Cassava processing wastewater has a low Volatile Acidity/Total Alkalinity ratio, low buffering capacity and became quickly acidified. In this trial, dolomitic limestone was used as an alkalizing agent in an anaerobic reactor to treat cassava starch wastewater. The dolomitic limestone contained 27% CaO and 23% MgO and granulometry between 24.5 and 38.1 mm. The average Chemical Oxygen Demand of the wastewater was 13331.30 mgO2 L-1, the organic loading rates (OLR) ranged from 1.23 to 16.43 gCOD L-1 d-1 and the hydraulic retention times ranged from 10.00 to 0.80 days. The results showed that the calcium concentrations increased in the reactor effluent and the magnesium concentrations decreased as the organic loading rates increased. Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations were approximately 5,000 and 5.05 times greater in the sludge than in the inoculum, respectively. The average pH, Total alcalinity, Volatile Acidity and Volatile Acidity/ Total alcalinity values were 6.69, 882.54 mgCaCO3 L-1, 221.55 mgCH3COOH L-1 and 0.22, respectively. The loss of limestone mass corresponded to only 2.51% of the initial mass, after 134 days of anaerobic reactor operation. Finally, it was concluded that the limestone effectively controlled acidification through the alkalinity increased in the system.

scholarly journals Chemical Oxygen Demand and Ammonia Nitrogen Mycoremediation from Domestic Wastewater Effluent using Ganoderma lucidum in a Batch System.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silambarasi Mooralitharan ◽  
Zarimah Hanafiah ◽  
Teh Sabariah Abd Manan ◽  
Hassimi Hasan ◽  
Henritte Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Optimum Conditions

Abstract The fungi-based technology, wild-Serbian Ganoderma lucidum (WSGL) as myco-alternative to existing conventional microbial-based wastewater treatment is introduced in this study as a potential alternative treatment. The mycoremediation is highly persistent for its capability to oxidatively breakdown pollutant substrates and widely researched for its medicinal properties. Utilizing the non-hazardous properties and high degradation performance of WSGL, this research aims to find optimum conditions and model the mycoremediation treatment design for Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Ammonia Nitrogen (AN) removal in domestic wastewater via response surface methodology (RSM). Combined process variables were temperature (⁰C) (Model 1) and the volume of mycelial pellets (%) (Model 2) against treatment time (hour). Response variables for these two sets of central composite design (CCD) were the removal efficiencies of COD (%) and AN (%). The regression line fitted well with the data with R2 values of 0.9840 (Model 1-COD), 0.9477 (Model 1-AN), 0.9988 (Model 2-COD) and 0.9990 (Model 2-AN). The lack of fit test gives the highest value of Sum of Squares equal to 9494.91 (Model 1- COD), 9701.68 (Model 1-AN), 23786.55 (Model 2-COD) and 13357.02 (Model 2-AN), with probability F values less than 0.05 showing significant models. The optimum conditions were established corresponding to the percentage of COD and AN removal obtained were 95.1% and 96.3%, accordingly at the optimum temperature 25°C at the treatment time of 24 h, meanwhile 0.25% of mycelial pellet with 76.0% and 78.4% COD and AN removal, respectively. The high performance achieved demonstrates that the mycoremediation of G. lucidum is highly potential as part of the wastewater treatment system in treating domestic wastewater of high organic loadings.

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