Isolation and characterization of a heterotrophic nitrifier from coke plant wastewater

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11) ◽  
pp. 2084-2090 ◽  
Author(s):  
YuXiang Liu ◽  
YaQing Li ◽  
YongKang Lv
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Coke Plant ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

This study investigated some factors affecting ammonium removal and nitrite accumulation by Alcaligenes faecalis C16, which was isolated from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater treatment plant. Nitrite was produced from ammonium only in the presence of citrate, acetate, meat extract, peptone or ethanol. The highest amount of nitrite was found with citrate as carbon source. A. faecalis C16 could not use glucose, fructose, sucrose and methanol. Under the optimum conditions of initial pH 6.0, C/N 14, 30 °C and 120 rpm, a maximum nitrite accumulation of 28.29 mg/L NO2−-N was achieved when the organism grew with citrate in four days. Nitrite accumulation increased with the increase of NH4+-N. Furthermore, A. faecalis C16 was shown to have phenol-degrading capacity during ammonium removal. Metabolism of phenol resulted in acidification of the media, which is not favorable for nitrification, whereas many other carbon sources made the medium more alkaline. However, no inhibitory effect by phenol was observed when phenol and acetate were used as mixed carbon source at different phenol/sodium acetate (P/S) ratios and their pH values were all controlled above 9.2 or P/S ratios below 5:5. These results suggested that A. faecalis C16 has some potential application in industrial wastewater treatment systems.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of organic matter-degrading bacteria from coking wastewater treatment plant

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (7) ◽  
pp. 1517-1524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riqiang Li ◽  
Jianxing Wang ◽  
Hongjiao Li
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Coking Wastewater ◽  
Naphthalene Degradation ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract As a step toward bioaugmentation of coking wastewater treatment 45 bacteria strains were isolated from the activated sludge of a coking wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Three strains identified as Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas synxantha, and Pseudomonas pseudoaligenes exhibited high dehydrogenase activity which indicates a strong ability to degrade organic matter. Subsequently all three strains showed high naphthalene degradation abilities. Naphthalene is a refractory compound often found in coking wastewater. For B. cereus and P. synxantha the maximum naphthalene removal rates were 60.4% and 79.8%, respectively, at an initial naphthalene concentration of 80 mg/L, temperature of 30 °C, pH of 7, a bacteria concentration of 15% (V/V), and shaking speed of 160 r/min. For P. pseudoaligenes, the maximum naphthalene removal rate was 77.4% under similar conditions but at 35 °C.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of a Novel p,p’-DDT-Degrading Bacterium: Aeromonas sp. Strain MY1 from Agricultural Soil

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Y. Murtala ◽  
B. C. Nwanguma ◽  
L. U. S. Ezeanyika
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Despite the banned on the use of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and other Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) by the Stockholm Convention for their toxicity, emerging shreds of evidence have indicated that DDT is, however, still in use in developing countries. This might increase the global burden of DDT contamination and its hazardous effects. Aim: This study focused on the isolation and characterization of p,p’-DDT-degrading bacterium from a tropical agricultural soil. Methodology: Standard isolation procedure was used for the screening and isolation of the strain. The 16S rRNA and phylogenetic analyses were used to identify the isolate and established protocols were followed to characterize the strain. Results: A new strain belonging to the genus Aeromonas was isolated from agricultural soil using minimal salt-p,p’-DDT enrichment medium. The 16S rRNA sequencing was used to identify the strain and the partial sequence was deposited in the NCBI GenBank as Aeromonas sp. Strain MY1. This mesophilic isolate was capable of utilizing up to 50 mgL-1 of p,p’-DDT as the sole carbon source at an optimum pH of 7.5 and optimum temperature of 35 °C within 120 h under aerobic conditions. Fe2+ (0.2 mgL-1) demonstrated a stimulatory effect on the p,p’-DDT degradation capacity by the strain MY1. However, Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ag and Cr ions have demonstrated various patterns of inhibitory effect on the p,p’-DDT degradation capacity of the isolate at 0.2 mgL-1. The strain MY1 could be a promising candidate for the bioremediation of p,p’-DDT contaminant. Conclusion: Aeromonas sp. strain MY1 was capable of utilizing p,p’-DDT as a sole carbon source under aerobic conditions. The utilization capacity of the strain was influenced by some heavy metals. Fe was found to enhance the p,p’-DDT utilization capacity of the isolate at a lower concentration. While Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg, Ag and Cr showed various patterns of inhibitory effect.

Nitrate removal using Brevundimonas diminuta MTCC 8486 from ground water

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kavitha ◽  
R. Selvakumar ◽  
M. Sathishkumar ◽  
K. Swaminathan ◽  
P. Lakshmanaperumalsamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Biological Removal ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Brevundimonas Diminuta

Brevundimonas diminuta MTCC 8486, isolated from marine soil of coastal area of Trivandrum, Kerala, was used for biological removal of nitrate from ground water collected from Kar village of Pali district, Rajasthan. The organism was found to be resistance for nitrate up to 10,000 mg L−1. The optimum growth conditions for biological removal of nitrate were established in batch culture. The effect of carbon sources on nitrate removal was investigated using mineral salt medium (MSM) containing 500 mg L−1 of nitrate to select the most effective carbon source. Among glucose and starch as carbon source, glucose at 1% concentration increased the growth (182±8.24 × 104 CFU mL−1) and induced maximum nitrate reduction (86.4%) at 72 h. The ground water collected from Kar village, Pali district of Rajasthan containing 460±5.92 mg L−1 of nitrate was subjected to three different treatment processes in pilot scale (T1 to T3). Higher removal of nitrate was observed in T2 process (88%) supplemented with 1% glucose. The system was scaled up to 10 L pilot scale treatment plant. At 72 h the nitrate removal was observed to be 95% in pilot scale plant. The residual nitrate level (23±0.41 mg L−1) in pilot scale treatment process was found to be below the permissible limit of WHO.

Automated manometric method to assess anaerobic toxicity of chemicals

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Fdz-Polanco ◽  
P. Nieto ◽  
S.I. Pérez-Elvira ◽  
M. Fdz-Polanco
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Methanogenic Activity ◽  
Substrate Removal ◽  
Manometric Method ◽  
Methane Production Rate

Industrial additives eventually used for different purposes (antifoaming, cleaning, bactericides, antiscale, etc) are discharged to the wastewater treatment plant. The anaerobic toxicity of these commercial products is not provided by suppliers. A new manometric method is developed and tested to evaluate anaerobic toxicity or inhibition using four different commercial products. Antifoaming Cleron 6 (50–200 ppm), bactericide Divosan-forte (0.05–1.0% v/v), bleach (0.1–1.0% v/v) and cleaning agent Topax 66 (0.10–1.0% v/v). According to the different methods proposed in the literature, from the methane production rate, it is possible to calculate both methanogenic activity evolution and final substrate removal and quantify the potential inhibitory effect of commercial additives. The experimental method is simple and reliable.

Model and Sensor Based Optimization of Nitrogen Removal at Klagshamn Wastewater Treatment Plant

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1315-1323 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Aspegren ◽  
B. Andersson ◽  
U. Nyberg ◽  
J. la C. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
On Line ◽  
Ammonia Sensors

Optimization of wastewater treatment plants with extensive phosphorus and nitrogen removal is complicated. The Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant in Sweden is operated with pre-precipitation of phosphorus with ferric chloride and denitrification with methanol as carbon source. An activated sludge process, operated with pre-precipitation and denitrification with external carbon source in a compartmentalized plant, requires only small tank volumes but increases the need for proper operation and optimization. On-line nitrogen, ammonia, and TOC sensors are used for a day-to-day control and optimization while mathematical modelling is used for long term strategic planning. The on-line measurements are further used as the basis for the modelling. TOC and ammonia sensors at the influent clearly identify typical and extreme loading variations and nitrate measurements in the activated sludge tanks and the effluent shows the dynamics of the processes. These measurements provide a basis for model calibration. In combination low residuals of nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter can be achieved.

scholarly journals Generation and Phenotypic Characterization of Aspergillus nidulans Methylisocitrate Lyase Deletion Mutants: Methylisocitrate Inhibits Growth and Conidiation

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 5465-5475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Brock
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Deletion Mutants ◽  
Main Carbon Source

ABSTRACT Propionate is a very abundant carbon source in soil, and many microorganisms are able to use this as the sole carbon source. Nevertheless, propionate not only serves as a carbon source for filamentous fungi but also acts as a preservative when added to glucose containing media. To solve this contradiction between carbon source and preservative effect, propionate metabolism of Aspergillus nidulans was studied and revealed the methylcitrate cycle as the responsible pathway. Methylisocitrate lyase is one of the key enzymes of that cycle. It catalyzes the cleavage of methylisocitrate into succinate and pyruvate and completes the α-oxidation of propionate. Previously, methylisocitrate lyase was shown to be highly specific for the substrate (2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate. Here, the identification of the genomic sequence of the corresponding gene and the generation of deletion mutants is reported. Deletion mutants did not grow on propionate as sole carbon and energy source and were severely inhibited during growth on alternative carbon sources, when propionate was present. The strongest inhibitory effect was observed, when glycerol was the main carbon source, followed by glucose and acetate. In addition, asexual conidiation was strongly impaired in the presence of propionate. These effects might be caused by competitive inhibition of the NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, because the Ki of (2R,3S)-2-methylisocitrate, the product of the methylcitrate cycle, on NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase was determined as 1.55 μM. Other isomers had no effect on enzymatic activity. Therefore, methylisocitrate was identified as a potential toxic compound for cellular metabolism.

Full-Scale Application of Nitrogen Removal with Methanol as Carbon Source

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Nyberg ◽  
H. Aspegren ◽  
B. Andersson ◽  
J. la C. Jansen ◽  
I.S. Villadsen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Level ◽  
Plant Configuration ◽  
Composite Samples

In Sweden many advanced sewage treatment plants for BOD and phosphorus removal have to be extended with nitrogen removal. Due to existing plant configuration and wastewater composition, denitrification with supply of an external carbon source can be a cost-effective solution in many cases. At the Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant in Malmo investigations for extensive nitrogen removal have been made in a single-sludge system with pre-precipitation and post-denitrification where methanol was added for denitrification. Results from the tests showed that a high level of nitrogen removal can be reached, and that the process was stable and easy to operate. The process application gave less supplementary cost for an extended nitrogen removal than for upgrading the plant with larger basin volumes. In order to examine the purification performance caused by the addition of methanol, the starting period was followed extensively with online nitrate sensors and daily composite samples. The development of the denitrif ication capacity of the sludge with methanol and acetate as carbon sources was followed and microbiological changes were examined microscopically. Complete denitrification was obtained after approximately one month at 10°C. The denitrification capacity of the sludge with methanol reached that of acetate after about the same time. The microscopic examination revealed a growing population of budding and/or appendaged bacteria, presumably Hyphomicrobium spp, reaching a stable maximum at the time when optimal nitrate removal occurred.

Influence of carbon source on arylsulfatase derepression in Pseudomonas C12B

1982 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-388
Author(s):  
J. W. Fitzgerald ◽  
J. T. Ash
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Sulfur Source ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Arylsulfatase Activity

Compared with growth on citrate, growth of Pseudomonas C12B with acetate as a carbon source resulted in approximately a four- to six-fold reduction in arylsulfatase activity irrespective of the sulfur source utilized to derepress arylsulfatase formation. Similarly, when O-acetyl-L-serine, oxaloacetate, malate, or α-ketoglutarate served as carbon sources in place of acetate, a reduction in arylsulfatase levels also occurred to varying degrees Trivial explanations for these results have been ruled out but efforts to provide an explanation for the inhibitory effect of acetate were unsuccessful. Some evidence suggests that growth on acetate may generate the formation of a substance which inactivates or irreversibly inhibits the enzyme.

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