scholarly journals The effects of red soil in removing phosphorus from water column and reducing phosphorus release from sediment in Lake Taihu

2014 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1052-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lichun Dai ◽  
Gang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Lake Taihu ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Phosphorus Release ◽  
Red Soil ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
P Release ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

A natural red soil and a lanthanum-modified soil (LMS) were tested to compare their phosphorus (P) adsorption capacities and their effectiveness in removing P from the water column and reducing P release from sediment. The equilibrium of P adsorption demonstrated that the maximum P adsorption for the soil was 1.29 and 2.22 mg g−1 at pH 8.5 and 5.5, respectively, and for the LMS these were increased by 45.6 and 77.6% at pH 8.5 and 5.5, respectively, indicating that the soil was effective in P adsorption and the doping of lanthanum could substantially increase P adsorption. The sediment–water column incubation showed that, due to the P adsorption of the soil and LMS, the total P in the water column decreased by 58.5, 60.6, 68.2 and 77.2% for 180 g m−2 soil, 900 g m−2 soil, 180 g m−2 LMS and 900 g m−2 LMS treated systems, respectively, in a short time (6 h), and the capping layer substantially reduced the P release from sediment during column incubation, indicating that the soils were effective in reducing internal P load. However, considering the cost of LMS, the natural soil was suggested to be a cost-effective material to control internal P load.

scholarly journals The effect of natural materials using as sediment remediation on phosphorus and nitrogen control in a mesocosm

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjuan Tang ◽  
Qinghui Deng ◽  
Xiaowen Li ◽  
Xiuyun Cao ◽  
Zhimin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Sediment Remediation ◽  
Adsorption Ability ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
P Adsorption ◽  
P Release ◽  
N Removal

Abstract Background Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) control in sediment remediation through adding natural material has been paid more and more attention. In this study, different natural material including iron-rich clay mineral, calcite, kaoline, sugarcane bagasse and Phragmites detritus was applied to test the effect on N and P control in a mesocosm experiment. Results Iron-rich clay mineral and Phragmites detritus had an obvious advantage on P control in terms of almost undetectable soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) in water column throughout the experiment, which could be explained by strong P adsorption ability. The high available organic carbon in sediment and water column after sugarcane bagasse addition provided enough electron donors for denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), which was responsible for nitrate (NO 3 - -N) deficiency and ammonium (NH 4 + -N) accumulation in water column. Also this resulted in anaerobic status, further fuelling P release from iron-bound P induced by anoxia. Thus, sugarcane bagasse application should be considered its dosage in order to balance the denitrification and DNRA as well as P release. Calcite and Phragmites detritus should be recommended as remediation material for N removal according to the significant promotion of denitrification and limitation of DNRA, finally resulting in low NO 3 - -N and NH 4 + -N. These results could be explained by the shift of functional microbial community composition and abundance after natural material addition. Conclusions Iron-rich clay mineral and Phragmites detritus should be regarded as the promising sediment remediation material for P immobilization due to the increase of P adsorption ability. Taken together, the selection of sediment remediation material should combine the N and P coupling relationship, avoiding that NO 3 - -N removal caused the P leaching or NH 4 + -N accumulation.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study of LAMP and PCR in Relation to Time and Cost

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Tanzila Rawnuck ◽  
Md Selim Reza ◽  
Mohammad Jahidur Rahman Khan ◽  
Rashida Akter Khanam ◽  
Saif Ullah Munshi
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Time Operation ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

Background: The Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) represents a very sensitive, easy to use, and less time consuming diagnostic method. Aims: The aim was to establish a simple, cost-effective, molecular technique. Materials and methods: An analytical study was conducted using two hundred acute serum samples using two different molecular techniques; qPCR and LAMP to standardize a costeffective and less time-consuming technique. Results: The cost of in-house LAMP reagents was one-ninth of the cost of commercial qPCR. Consume cost was 23 times less than qPCR besides, lab setup cost was 92 times less than qPCR. More importantly, LAMP requires 5-6 times less time duration than qPCR. Conclusion: Due to its simple short-time operation with low cost, it would be a prevalent molecular technique globally, particularly in Bangladesh. J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll 2020; 12(2): 72-75

Compressor General Arrangement Dynamic Design Guided by Preliminary Cylinder Manifold Forced Response

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Passeri ◽  
Riccardo Bagagli ◽  
Carmelo Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Natural Frequencies ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Forced Response ◽  
General Arrangement ◽  
Design Changes ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
System Vibration ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

Today market requires machinery with ever larger performance increasing compression system vibrations risks. Knowledge of dampers pulsation-forces phenomena and best practices allows their minimization. Loads acting on foundation are early defined allowing a proper design, while “Cylinder-Gas-loads” depending upon compressor data-sheet cannot be adjusted unless to change requirements. Considering their high amplitudes and frequencies spectrum, some exciting frequencies often coincides with system mechanical natural frequencies. This involves expensive efforts in preliminary Cylinder Manifold response studies to guide compressor General Arrangement design. Specific software that includes Compressor standard elements selection and that allow building dampers by parametric inputs is cost effective in model creation. Together with the cost benefits it facilitates the designer to simulate multiple configurations rebuilding the model in a short time and exploring several solutions to optimize the system vibration control. A FEM specialist is not required for the Model build-up, the Software allow automatically applying cylinder gas loads, run analysis and compare results vs allowable ones. In case of allowable limits exceeding or design changes, G&A Designer can easily change input and iterate the loop till satisfactory results are achieved in a timely and quality manner, optimizing dampers and supports.

The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 612-613
Author(s):  
James F. Mancuso
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Image Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Financial Applications ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Instrument Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Training And Support ◽  
Control Image ◽  
Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

Sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 36 (06) ◽  
pp. 309-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Schulz ◽  
M. Jünger ◽  
M. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Saphenous Vein ◽  
Great Saphenous Vein ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Duplex Sonography ◽  
Foam Sclerotherapy ◽  
Average Loss ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Cost

Summary Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness and patient tolerability of single-session, sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy and to evaluate its economic impact. Patients, methods: We treated 20 patients with a total of 22 varicoses of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in Hach stage III-IV, clinical stage C2-C5 and a mean GSV diameter of 9 mm (range: 7 to 13 mm). We used 10 ml 3% Aethoxysklerol®. Additional varicoses of the auxiliary veins of the GSV were sclerosed immediately afterwards. Results: The occlusion rate in the treated GSVs was 100% one week after therapy as demonstrated with duplex sonography. The cost of the procedure was 207.91 E including follow-up visit, with an average loss of working time of 0.6 days. After one year one patient showed clinical signs of recurrent varicosis in the GSV; duplex sonography showed reflux in the region of the saphenofemoral junction in a total of seven patients (32% of the treated GSVs). Conclusion: Transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the GSV is a cost-effective, safe method of treating varicoses of GSV and broadens the spectrum of therapeutic options. Relapses can be re-treated inexpensively with sclerotherapy.

A Digital Economy Model for Talent Prediction Data Analytic

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-266
Author(s):  
Haru Purnomo Ipung ◽  
Amin Soetomo
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Technology Innovation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Token Economy ◽  
Economy Model ◽  
New Business ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Data Analytic

This research proposed a model to assist the design of the associated data architecture and data analytic to support talent forecast in the current accelerating changes in economy, industry and business change due to the accelerating pace of technological change. The emerging and re-emerging economy model were available, such as Industrial revolution 4.0, platform economy, sharing economy and token economy. Those were driven by new business model and technology innovation. An increase capability of technology to automate more jobs will cause a shift in talent pool and workforce. New business model emerge as the availabilityand the cost effective emerging technology, and as a result of emerging or re-emerging economic models. Both, new business model and technology innovation, create new jobs and works that have not been existed decades ago. The future workers will be faced by jobs that may not exist today. A dynamics model of inter-correlation of economy, industry, business model and talent forecast were proposed. A collection of literature review were conducted to initially validate the model.

CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 18-23
Keyword(s):  
Protective Coating ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Computational Tool ◽  
Protection Method ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

Production of Asbestos-free Brake Pad Using Groundnut Shell as Filler Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. C. Solomon ◽  
M. T. Lilly ◽  
J. I. Sodiki
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Filler Material ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Brake Pad ◽  
Brake Pads ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Sieve Size ◽  
Groundnut Shell ◽  
The Cost

The development and evaluation of brake pads using groundnut shell (GS) particles as substitute material for asbestos were carried out in this study. This was with a view to harnessing the properties of GS, which is largely deposited as waste, and in replacing asbestos which is carcinogenic in nature despite its good tribological and mechanical properties. Two sets of composite material were developed using varying particle sizes of GS as filler material, with phenolic resin as binder with percentage compositions of 45% and 50% respectively. Results obtained indicate that the compressive strength and density increase as the sieve size of the filler material decreases, while water and oil absorption rates increase with an increase in sieve size of GS particle. This study also indicates that the cost of producing brake pad can be reduced by 19.14 percent if GS is use as filler material in producing brake pad. The results when compared with those of asbestos and industrial waste showed that GS particle can be used as an effective replacement for asbestos in producing automobile brake pad. Unlike asbestos, GS-based brake pads are environmental friendly, biodegradable and cost effective.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF BIOTECHNOLOGIES USING IN ANIMAL FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
A. A. Mosolov ◽  
G. V. Komlatskiy ◽  
M. A. Nesterenko ◽  
K. D. Nimbona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
State Level ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.

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