scholarly journals Evaluation of removal efficiency of residual diclofenac in aqueous solution by nanocomposite tungsten-carbon using design of experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 1466-1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. H. Salmani ◽  
M. Mokhtari ◽  
Z. Raeisi ◽  
M. H. Ehrampoush ◽  
H. A. Sadeghian
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Design Of Experiment ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Carbon Powder ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposite ◽  
Maximum Removal

Wastewater containing pharmaceutical residual components must be treated before being discharged to the environment. This study was conducted to investigate the efficiency of tungsten-carbon nanocomposite in diclofenac removal using design of experiment (DOE). The 27 batch adsorption experiments were done by choosing three effective parameters (pH, adsorbent dose, and initial concentration) at three levels. The nanocomposite was prepared by tungsten oxide and activated carbon powder in a ratio of 1 to 4 mass. The remaining concentration of diclofenac was measured by a spectrometer with adding reagents of 2, 2′-bipyridine, and ferric chloride. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the main and interaction effects. The equilibrium time for removal process was determined as 30 min. It was observed that the pH had the lowest influence on the removal efficiency of diclofenac. Nanocomposite gave a high removal at low concentration of 5.0 mg/L. The maximum removal for an initial concentration of 5.0 mg/L was 88.0% at contact time of 30 min. The results of ANOVA showed that adsorbent mass was among the most effective variables. Using DOE as an efficient method revealed that tungsten-carbon nanocomposite has high efficiency in the removal of residual diclofenac from the aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Magnetic nano-biocomposite CuFe2 O4 @methylcellulose (MC) prepared as a new nano-photocatalyst for degradation of ciprofloxacin from aqueous solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Nasiri ◽  
Fatemeh Tamaddon ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Mosslemin ◽  
Majid Amiri Gharaghani ◽  
Ali Asadipour
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Bacterial Resistance ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Degradation Kinetic

Background: Antibiotics such as ciprofloxacin (CIP) are even more important in bacterial resistance, even at low concentrations. The aim of this research was to synthesize CuFe2 O4 @methylcellulose (MC) as a new nano-photocatalyst for degradation of CIP from aqueous solution. Methods: The nano-photocatalyst (CuFe2 O4 @MC) was characterized by FESEM, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Powder XRD and EDS analysis confirmed the formation of pure-phase spinel ferrites. After CuFe2 O4 @MC characterization, the effective parameters in removal efficiency of CIP such as reaction time, initial antibiotic concentration, pH, photocatalyst loading, and degradation kinetic were investigated and conditions were optimized. Then, CIP degradation experiments were conducted on the real sample in the optimal conditions. The removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) was determined under optimum conditions. Results: The structural characterization of the magnetic nanobiocomposite showed that it is in nanoscale, ferromagnetic property, and thermal stability. The optimal conditions were obtained at pH = 7, irradiation time (90 minutes), photocatalyst loading (0.2 g), and initial concentration of CIP (3 mg/L). The removal efficiency of CIP in the optimal conditions was obtained as 80.74% and 72.87% from the synthetic and real samples, respectively. The removal of COD was obtained as 68.26% in this process. The evaluation of kinetic linear models showed that the photocatalytic degradation process was fitted by pseudo-first order kinetic model and Langmuir-Hinshelwood. CuFe2 O4 @MC photocatalyst had a good stability and reusability for the fourth runs. Conclusion: The photocatalytic degradation of CIP from aqueous media with CuFe2 O4 @MC photocatalyst has a high efficiency, which can be used in the treatment of pharmaceutical wastewaters.

Comparative Bio-sorption of Cadmium and Nickel Ions from Aqueous Solution onto Fibers of Date Palm using Fluidized Bed Column

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512
Author(s):  
Baker M. Abod ◽  
Ramy Mohamed Jebir Al-Alawy ◽  
Firas Hashim Kamar ◽  
Gheorghe Nechifor
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Bed Height

The aim of this study is to use the dry fibers of date palm as low-cost biosorbent for the removal of Cd(II), and Ni(II) ions from aqueous solution by fluidized bed column. The effects of many operating conditions such as superficial velocity, static bed height, and initial concentration on the removal efficiency of metal ions were investigated. FTIR analyses clarified that hydroxyl, amine and carboxyl groups could be very effective for bio-sorption of these heavy metal ions. SEM images showed that dry fibers of date palm have a high porosity and that metal ions can be trapped and sorbed into pores. The results show that a bed height of 6 cm, velocity of 1.1Umf and initial concentration for each heavy metal ions of 50 mg/L are most feasible and give high removal efficiency. The fluidized bed reactor was modeled using ideal plug flow and this model was solved numerically by utilizing the MATLAB software for fitting the measured breakthrough results. The breakthrough curves for metal ions gave the order of bio-sorption capacity as follow: Cd(II)]Ni(II).

scholarly journals Acid Blue 25 Removal by using Electro-Persulfate Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Sodium Persulfate ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Acid Blue 25 ◽  
Sulfate Process ◽  
Acid Blue

This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of the electro-persulfate process in removing acid blue 25 from aqueous solution. In order to optimize the parameters, the OFAT method was used, and the effect of three main parameters, including pH, sodium persulfate salt concentration, and current intensity was investigated. According to the results, the optimal removal efficiency of 94% in 60 minutes was obtained under conditions of pH=5, the initial concentration of sodium persulfate=250 mg / L, and the current=500 mA. According to the results of this study, the electro-persulfate process sulfate process can be an efficient process for dye removal from industrial effluents.

Optimization of Tungsten Disulfide/Polypyrrole Composite as Photocatalyst in Sunlight-Asissted Photodegradation of Methylene Blue in Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siti Nor Atika Baharin ◽  
Nurul Hafawati Hashim ◽  
Izyan Najwa Mohd Norsham ◽  
Syed Shahabuddin ◽  
Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sunlight Irradiation ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Tungsten Disulphide ◽  
Polypyrrole Composite

Abstract The present study highlights the sunlight-assisted photodegradation of methylene blue (MB) using tungsten disulphide/polypyrrole (WS2/PPy) composite as a photocatalyst. WS2/PPy was prepared via oxidative polymerization using ferric chloride (FeCl3) as an oxidant. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) measurement were used to ensure the physicochemical properties of WS2/PPy. The photocatalytic efficiencies of the photocatalysts were examined by degrading methylene blue (MB) under sunlight irradiation. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of WS2/PPy was higher than the pristine PPy Several optimizations such as effect of the concentration, contact time, photocatalyst dosage and initial concentration were investigated. The results revealed that, under optimum condition of pH 3, 100 mg photocatalyst dosage, 10 ppm MB initial concentration within 180 minutes contact time, were the most effective parameters, that produced 96.15% of sunlight-assisted photodegradation in aqueous solution of MB.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb (II) and Zn (II) from aqueous solution by Oceanobacillus profundus isolated from an abandoned mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Mwandira ◽  
Kazunori Nakashima ◽  
Satoru Kawasaki ◽  
Allison Arabelo ◽  
Kawawa Banda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Contaminated Site ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Metal Chelation ◽  
Anthropogenic Contamination ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Growth Ph ◽  
Maximum Removal

AbstractThe present study investigated biosorption of Pb (II) and Zn (II) using a heavy metal tolerant bacterium Oceanobacillus profundus KBZ 3-2 isolated from a contaminated site. The effects of process parameters such as effect on bacterial growth, pH and initial lead ion concentration were studied. The results showed that the maximum removal percentage for Pb (II) was 97% at an initial concentration of 50 mg/L whereas maximum removal percentage for Zn (II) was at 54% at an initial concentration of 2 mg/L obtained at pH 6 and 30 °C. The isolated bacteria were found to sequester both Pb (II) and Zn (II) in the extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). The EPS facilitates ion exchange and metal chelation-complexation by virtue of the existence of ionizable functional groups such as carboxyl, sulfate, and phosphate present in the protein and polysaccharides. Therefore, the use of indigenous bacteria in the remediation of contaminated water is an eco-friendly way of solving anthropogenic contamination.

scholarly journals Phenol removal from aqueous solution using silica and activated carbon derived from rice husk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosseinali Asgharnia ◽  
Hamidreza Nasehinia ◽  
Roohollah Rostami ◽  
Marziah Rahmani ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Mehdinia
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Maximum Removal

Abstract Phenol and its derivatives are organic pollutants with dangerous effects, such as poisoning, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity in humans and other organisms. In this study, the removal of phenol from aqueous solution by adsorption on silica and activated carbon of rice husk was investigated. In this regard, the effects of initial concentration of phenol, pH, dosage of the adsorbents, and contact time on the adsorption of phenol were investigated. The results showed that the maximum removal of phenol by rice husk silica (RHS) and rice husk activated carbon (RHAC) in the initial concentration of 1 mgL−1 phenol, 2 gL−1 adsorbent mass, 120 min contact time, and pH 5 (RHS) or pH 6 (RHAC) were obtained up to 91% and 97.88%, respectively. A significant correlation was also detected between increasing contact times and phenol removal for both adsorbents (p < 0.01). The adsorption process for both of the adsorbents was also more compatible with the Langmuir isotherm. The results of this study showed that RHS and RHAC can be considered as natural and inexpensive adsorbents for water treatment.

scholarly journals Removal Efficiency and Mechanism of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solution by Maize Straw Biochars Derived at Different Pyrolysis Temperatures

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Lv
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Maize Straw ◽  
Efficient Adsorbent ◽  
Positively Charged ◽  
Maximum Removal

The removal efficiency and mechanism of Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution on semi-decomposed maize straw biochars pyrolyzed at 300 to 600 °C were investigated. The removal of Cr(VI) by the biochars decreased with pyrolysis temperature increasing from 300 to 600 °C, and the maximum removal capacity of Cr(VI) for maize straw biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C was 91 mg/g at pH 2.0. The percentage removal of Cr(VI) rapidly decreased with pH increasing from 2.0 to 8.0, with the maximum (>99.9%) at pH 2.0. The variation of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) concentrations in the solution after reaction showed that Cr(VI) concentration decreased while Cr(III) increased and the equilibrium was reached after 48 h, while the redox potential after reaction decreased due to Cr(VI) reduction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) semi-quantitative analysis showed that Cr(III) accounted for 75.7% of the total Cr bound to maize straw biochar, which indicated reductive adsorption was responsible for Cr(VI) removal by the biochars. Cr(VI) was firstly adsorbed onto the positively charged biochar surface and reduced to Cr(III) by electrons provided by oxygen-containing functional groups (e.g., C=O), and subsequently part of the converted Cr(III) remained on the biochar surface and the rest released into solution. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) data indicated the participation of C=O, Si–O, –CH2 and –CH3 groups in Cr(VI) removal by the biochars. This study showed that maize straw biochar pyrolyzed at 300 °C for 2 h was one low-cost and efficient adsorbent for Cr(VI) removal from aqueous solution.

Treatment of Dye Wastewater by Adsorption with Bentonite-Supported Magnetic Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 487-491
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Chen ◽  
Jian Feng Ma ◽  
Ding Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Magnetic Particles ◽  
Influence Factor ◽  
Dye Wastewater ◽  
No Adsorption ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Magnetite Particles ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Maximum Removal

Bentonite-supported magnetite particles (MagBt-p) were prepared by co-precipitation. The adsorption capacity of Bentonite-supported magnetic particles on waste water containing OrangeⅡ was tested. Some influence factor such as the dose, the initial concentration of OrangeⅡ, the pH, the contact time and the presence of surfactant were studied. Results showed that cation surfactant (CTAB) greatly enhanced the adsorption of OrangeⅡ. The maximum removal efficiency was 96.6% at 180mg/L (CTAB) and beyond this concentration there was almost no adsorption. Besides, the removal efficiency was affected by pH and contact time, the maximum removal efficiency was found at pH 2.1-3, the adsorption was rapid during the first 120 min and then equilibrium within 180min.

scholarly journals Cadmium(II) Removal from Aqueous Solution Using Microporous Eggshell: Kinetic and Equilibrium Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Shamsi Zadeh ◽  
Hossein Esmaeili ◽  
Rauf Foroutan
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Mixing Rate ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorbent Dosage ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

Heavy metals are soluble in the environment and can be dangerous for many species. So, removal of heavy metals from the water and wastewater is an important process. In this study, an adsorbent made of eggshell powder was employed to remove cadmium ions from aqueous solution. A number of parameters were studied including pH of the aqueous solution, adsorbent dosage, contact time, the initial concentration of cadmium ion and mixing rate. The best efficiency for the removal of Cd(II) was obtained 96% using this adsorbent. The optimal parameters were ambient temperature of 30 °C, mixing rate of 200 rpm, pH of 9, an adsorbent dosage of 5 g/L and initial concentration of cadmium was 200 ppm. In order to study the kinetics of adsorbent, the pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetic models and intra-particle diffusion model were applied. According to the pre-determined correlation coefficients (R2), the pseudo-second-order kinetic model showed a better correlation between the kinetic behaviors of the adsorbent. Furthermore, to study the equilibrium behavior of adsorbent, Langmuir and Freundlich models used and both models showed high efficiency in isotherm behavior of the adsorbent. So, this adsorbent can be used as a natural and cheap adsorbent.

Adsorption of Strontium from Aqueous Solution Using Collagen Fiber Immobilized Tannins

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2107-2110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Zhou ◽  
Xue Gang Luo ◽  
Xiao Yan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Collagen Fiber ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Absorption Data ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Optimum Ph

The removal of strontium from aqueous solution with collagen fiber immobilized tannins was studied. The effects of several experimental parameters such as pH, dosage, temperature, contact time and initial concentration of strontium on removal efficiency of strontium were investigated to determine the optimum conditions of strontium sorption process. The adsorbent was characterized by SEM and FTIR analysis. The results of regression analysis indicated that temperature parameters were not individually statistically significant for Sr2+ adsorption. However, the efficiency of strontium adsorption increased with the increase in pH and dosage. The adsorption capacity was increased with increasing initial concentration of Sr2+. The removal efficiency of Sr2+ was 49% at optimum pH of 6 and initial concentration of 20mg/L. Moreover, the absorption data were fitted well to the Langmuir sorption isotherm model.

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