scholarly journals Full-scale performance of selected starch-based biodegradable polymers in sludge dewatering and recommendation for applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuangxin Zhou ◽  
Johan Stüber ◽  
Rabea-Luisa Schubert ◽  
Christian Kabbe ◽  
Matthias Barjenbruch
Keyword(s):  
Biodegradable Polymers ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Dewatered Sludge ◽  
Green Polymers

Abstract Agricultural reuse of dewatered sludge is a valid route for sludge valorization for small and mid-size wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to the direct utilization of nutrients. A more stringent of German fertilizer ordinance requires the degradation of 20% of the synthetic additives like polymeric substance within two years, which came into force on 1 January 2017. This study assessed the use of starch-based polymers for full-scale dewatering of municipal sewage sludge. The laboratory-scale and pilot-scale trials paved the way for full-scale trials at three WWTPs in Germany. The general feasibility of applying starch-based ‘green’ polymers in full-scale centrifugation was demonstrated. Depending on the sludge type and the process used, the substitution potential was up to 70%. Substitution of 20–30% of the polyacrylamide (PAM)-based polymer was shown to achieve similar total solids (TS) of the dewatered sludge. Optimization of operational parameters as well as machinery set up in WWTPs is recommended in order to improve the shear stability force of sludge flocs and to achieve higher substitution potential. This study suggests that starch-based biodegradable polymers have great potential as alternatives to synthetic polymers in sludge dewatering.

A Comparative Study of Full-Scale Sludge Dewatering Equipment

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Andreasen ◽  
Bente Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Membrane Filter ◽  
Filter Press ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
Dewatered Sludge ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Very High ◽  
P Removal

A comparative study of 4 different types of full-scale sludge dewatering units was performed in 1990 by I. Krüger AS in co-operation with the equipment suppliers. The purpose of the study was to examine the capability of the dewatering equipment on the “new” sludge types from wastewater treatment plants with N and P removal. The achieved results have formed the basis of a financial evaluation comprising construction and operating costs. The objective of the evaluation is to compare the total costs involved in sludge dewatering and disposal. The relatively cheap types of dewatering units (belt filter press, solid bowl centrifuge) produce dewatered sludge with a lower dry solids content than the more expensive equipment (press centrifuge, membrane filter press). The latter types should consequently primarily be applied where the dewatered sludge has to meet special requirements and in situations in which disposal costs are very high.

scholarly journals Biogas Production through Co-Digestion of Olive Mill with Municipal Sewage Sludge and Cow Manure

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Said Al Rabadi ◽  
◽  
Kamel Al-Zboon ◽  
Moayyad Shawaqfah ◽  
Rebhi Damseh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Treatment ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Olive Mill

The treatment of olive mill (OM) residues from agricultural facilities is a daunting challenge since tremendous amounts are disposed per annum that should be treated. One of the promising treatment methods is the anaerobic methanogenic digestion of OM residues. In current investigations, the anaerobic digestion of the OM substrate is enhanced through mixing its slurries with sewage sludge (SS) or with cow manure (C), which consists of the kernels for the digestion process. Besides feedstock, other operational parameters such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), temperature and pH have a great impact on the biogas production rate and quality. Experimental investigations were conducted by means of the anaerobic biodegradation of the substrate for OM-SS and -C using a batch reactor under mesophilic conditions and foreseen HRT for 30 days. Almost neutral pH values of 7.4-7.6 were found for the anaerobic treatment of the substrate for OM-SS, and a slightly acidic pH in the range of 4.8-5.3 was found for the anaerobic treatment of the substrate for OM-C. The results revealed that the biogas production for OM-SS and -C exceeded 0.07 and 0.31 LBiogas/(LFerm·day), respectively. Regarding the COD reduction, its removal efficiency was obtained as 46.1 and 53.8% for OM-SS and -C respectively. For economic concerns, significant methane yields were attained as 56.8 and 115.8 [LCH4/kgCOD] for the OM-SS and -C substrates, respectively. In virtue of these remarkable merits, anaerobic methanogenic digestion should be adapted to a commercial scale for the treatment and biogas production of OM residues.

Optimizing Polymer Consumption in Sludge Dewatering Applications

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 261-267
Author(s):  
P. M. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Operating Performance ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sludge Conditioning ◽  
Original Objective ◽  
Device Operation

As we move into the 1990's, upgrading of existing wastewater treatment plants is becoming a very important consideration. Although upgrading can take many forms, one of the most economic is to optimize the performance of the existing equipment and structures. In the realm of sludge dewatering, also an increasingly important topic, an area which has received little attention in the past is the control of the sludge conditioning process prior to dewatering. In conjunction with the Wastewater Technology Centre in Burlington, Canada, ZENON Water Systems Inc. has developed the Sludge Conditioning Controller (SCC) to fulfill this need in the wastewater marketplace. A description of both the hardware and software aspects of the SCC are presented. In addition, typical operating performance of the microprocessor-based system is shown. Experience with full scale systems has revealed that the benefits associated with the SCC far exceed the original objective of saving polymer. The others include automation of the dewatering device operation, increased capacity, and more uniform performance of the dewatering machine.

A new oxic-settling-anaerobic (NOSA®) activated sludge process for minimizing excess sludge in secondary biological treatment plants: a pilot-scale evaluation of the absorption–biodegradation process

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Wu ◽  
Shi-yu Li ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Guang-li Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Pilot Trial ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Sludge Reduction ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Sludge Dewatering ◽  
New Process ◽  
Biodegradation Process

This study compared the sludge reduction performance of a new oxic-settling-anaerobic (NOSA) process with that of a conventional adsorption–biodegradation process. A 50 m3/d pilot trial system with two different process configurations was operated for 6 months. The NOSA process functioned effectively in removing both chemical oxygen demand and nitrogen with the efficiencies of 86 and 92.5%, respectively, which reduced approximately 40% of the excess sludge. In this research, 0.77 kg volatile suspended solids/d sludge vanished in the anaerobic tank, which accounted for 58.9% of the total sludge loss in the NOSA process. Economic calculation suggests that the new process can dramatically upgrade the sludge reduction in wastewater treatment plants without a digestion device, and the investment for fundamental upgrading can be recovered in 5–6 years by cutting the costs of excess sludge dewatering and disposal treatment.

Temperature phased anaerobic digestion of municipal sewage sludge: a Bardenpho treatment plant study

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Akgul ◽  
M. A. Cella ◽  
C. Eskicioglu
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sulphur Compounds ◽  
Secondary Sludge ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
And Control

The disposal of waste sludge generated from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is a growing problem worldwide, and contributes to over 50% of the operating costs of current WWTPs. In this study, temperature-phased anaerobic digestion (TPAD) and conventional (single-stage) mesophilic anaerobic digestion were investigated in order to determine the most beneficial process for the intended digester facility to be constructed for the fermented primary and secondary sludge from a Bardenpho type biological nutrient removal plant. This was accomplished by considering several operational control parameters for three different sludge retention times. This study has shown that the TPAD system had significant improvement in biogas and methane production; solids and organic removal; pathogen reduction and dewaterability over the conventional digestion. In terms of overall volatile sulphur compounds formation normalized per volatile solids added, no significant effects were observed between TPAD and control digester.

Co-composting of Municipal Sewage Sludge and Landscaping Waste: A Pilot Scale Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zulnaim Dzulkurnain ◽  
Mohd Ali Hassan ◽  
Mohd Rafein Zakaria ◽  
Puteri Edaroyati Megat Wahab ◽  
Muhamad Yusuf Hasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge

Modelling of wastewater treatment plants – how far shall we go with sophisticated modelling tools?

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.C. Glover ◽  
C. Printemps ◽  
K. Essemiani ◽  
J. Meinhold
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Structure Identification ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis

Several levels of complexity are available for modelling of wastewater treatment plants. Modelling local effects rely on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approaches whereas activated sludge models (ASM) represent the global methodology. By applying both modelling approaches to pilot plant and full scale systems, this paper evaluates the value of each method and especially their potential combination. Model structure identification for ASM is discussed based on a full-scale closed loop oxidation ditch modelling. It is illustrated how and for what circumstances information obtained via CFD (computational fluid dynamics) analysis, residence time distribution (RTD) and other experimental means can be used. Furthermore, CFD analysis of the multiphase flow mechanisms is employed to obtain a correct description of the oxygenation capacity of the system studied, including an easy implementation of this information in the classical ASM modelling (e.g. oxygen transfer). The combination of CFD and activated sludge modelling of wastewater treatment processes is applied to three reactor configurations, a perfectly mixed reactor, a pilot scale activated sludge basin (ASB) and a real scale ASB. The application of the biological models to the CFD model is validated against experimentation for the pilot scale ASB and against a classical global ASM model response. A first step in the evaluation of the potential of the combined CFD-ASM model is performed using a full scale oxidation ditch system as testing scenario.

Quicklime Pre-Conditioning of Sludge to be Dewatered in Centifuges Lowers Disposal Costs

1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Denkert ◽  
E. A. Retter
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Tank Reactor ◽  
Bowl Centrifuge ◽  
Lime Consumption ◽  
Dewatered Sludge

The pre-conditioning of digested municipal sewage sludge with quicklime prior to dewatering was investigated as an alternative to conditioning the dewatered sludge with quicklime. Powdered lime was added to the sludge in a stirred tank reactor before dewatering in a solid-bowl centrifuge. The preconditioning was found to positively influence the dewatering performance of the centrifuge, resulting in significantly lower specific polymer and lime consumption and a reduced total quantity of dewatered cake for disposal. Total costs for operating chemicals and for transport and landfill of the sludge were determined to be approximately 15 % lower for pre-liming than for the post-liming process.

scholarly journals Eliminace mikropolutantů z vod kombinací oxidačních a sorpčních procesů v laboratorním měřítku

Entecho ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
Tamara Pacholská ◽  
Ivan Karpíšek ◽  
Jana Zuzáková ◽  
Vojtěch Kužel ◽  
Stanislav Gajdoš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Activated Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Boron Doped Diamond ◽  
Carbon Adsorption ◽  
Wwtp Effluent

Mikropolutanty v životním prostředí působí negativně na vodní ekosystémy a též představují potenciální riziko pro lidské zdraví. Zásadním zdrojem vnosu mikropolutantů do životního prostředí jsou městské ČOV, jejichž konvenční mechanicko-biologická technologie není na odstraňování mikropolutantů navržena. V této práci jsme testovali účinnost odstranění mikropolutantů řadou oxidačních (např. ozonizace, UV/H2O2, Fentonova reakce, borem dopovaná diamantová elektroda) a sorpčních (např. granulované aktivní uhlí GAU, zeolity) procesů. Účinnost odstranění vybraných léčiv (např. erythromycin, sulfamethoxazol, ibuprofen atd.) a metabolitů pesticidů (např. acetochlor ESA, metazachlor ESA) jsme testovali v jednorázových vsádkových testech. S přihlédnutím k ekonomickým i provozním parametrům byla pro následné testování v reálných podmínkách (poloprovozní měřítko) zvolena kombinace oxidace UV/H2O2 a sorpce na GAU. Mikropolutanty v modelové vodě byly úspěšně odstraněny z 91% (suma léčiv) a cca 100% (suma metabolitů pesticidů) při použití optimální dávky H2O2 5 mg/l a intenzity UV záření 4 kJ/m2 s následnou sorpcí na GAU. Tyto velmi slibné výsledky v současné době ověřujeme v pilotní jednotce pro dočištění reálného odtoku z městské ČOV. Abstract (EN) Micropollutants cause harm to aquatic ecosystems and can also negatively affect human health. Major sources of micropollutants input to aquatic environments are wastewater treatment plants due to their insufficient removal during the conventional mechanical-biological process. This study aimed to evaluate potential WWTP effluent post-treatment processes for the removal of selected pharmaceuticals and pesticides using oxidation (e.g., ozonization, UV/H2O2, Fenton, boron-doped diamond electrode) and sorption (e.g. granular activated carbon, zeolite) processes and their combinations. The removal of selected pharmaceuticals (e.g. erythromycin, sulphamethoxazole, ibuprofen) and pesticides (e.g. acetochlor ESA, metazachlor ESA) was tested in batch assays. The combination of UV/H2O2 and activated carbon adsorption was the most favorable in terms of removal efficiency and economic and operational parameters. This combination achieved the removal efficiencies of pharmaceuticals and pesticides of 91 and 100%, respectively, using an optimum H2O2 dose of 5 mg/L and UV intensity of 4 kJ/m2 followed by granular activated carbon adsorption. These promising results are currently adopted in a pilot-scale study for the post-treatment of a real WWTP effluent.

Towards a complete recycling of phosphorus in wastewater treatment – options in Germany

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Petzet ◽  
P. Cornel
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Phosphorus Recovery ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Waste Incinerators

Global reserves of mineral phosphorus are finite and the recycling of phosphorus from wastewater, a significant sink for phosphorus, can contribute to a more sustainable use. In Germany, Switzerland, and the Netherlands, an increasing percentage of municipal sewage sludge is incinerated and the contained phosphorus is lost. This paper reviews current technologies and shows that a complete phosphorus recovery from wastewater is technically feasible. Depending on the composition of the sewage sludge ash (SSA), there are various options for phosphorus recovery that are presented. Iron-poor SSAs can be used directly as substitute for phosphate rock in the electrothermal phosphorus process. SSAs with low heavy metal contents can be used as fertilizer without prior metal elimination. Ashes not suitable for direct recycling can be processed by thermal processes. Operators of wastewater treatment plants can additionally influence the ash composition via the selection of precipitants and the control of (indirect) dischargers. This way, they can choose the most suitable phosphorus recovery option. For sewage sludge that is co-incinerated in power plants, municipal waste incinerators or cement kilns phosphorus recovery is not possible. The phosphorus is lost forever.

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