scholarly journals Isolation, screening, and crude oil degradation characteristics of hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria for treatment of oily wastewater

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (12) ◽  
pp. 2626-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiumei Tian ◽  
Xiaoli Wang ◽  
Shitao Peng ◽  
Zhi Wang ◽  
Ran Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bohai Bay ◽  
Oily Wastewater ◽  
New Approach ◽  
First Order ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degrading Bacteria

Abstract The aim of this study was to isolate hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria for treatment of oily wastewater from long-standing petroleum-polluted sediments in Bohai Bay, China. Six hydrocarbons-degrading bacteria were screened and identified as Pseudomonas sp. and Bacillus sp. A new approach using a combination of various bacterial species in petroleum biodegradation was proposed and evaluated for its degradation characteristics. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) analysis showed that mixed bacterial agents (YJ01) degraded 80.64% of crude oil and 76.30% of crude oil alkanes, exhibiting good biodegradation effect. Besides, after 14 days of culture, the biodegradation assessment markers, pristane and phytane, showed significant degradation rates of 46.75% and 78.23%, respectively. Kinetic analysis indicated that the degradation trends followed a single first-order kinetics model and the degradation half-life (t1/2) of 15 g/L crude oil was significantly shorter (5.48 days). These results indicated that YJ01 could degrade a wider range of hydrocarbons as well as some recalcitrant hydrocarbon components, and can be applied for bioremediation and treatment of oil-contaminated environment.

Biodegradation rates of aromatic contaminants in biofilm reactors

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Arcangeli ◽  
Erik Arvin
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
First Order ◽  
Biofilm Reactors ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Reducing Conditions ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Order Surface

This study has shown that microorganisms can adapt to degrade mixtures of aromatic pollutants at relatively high rates in the μg/l concentration range. The biodegradation rates of the following compounds were investigated in biofilm systems: aromatic hydrocarbons, phenol, methylphenols, chlorophenols, nitrophenol, chlorobenzenes and aromatic nitrogen-, sulphur- or oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds (NSO-compounds). Furthermore, a comparison with degradation rates observed for easily degradable organics is also presented. At concentrations below 20-100 μg/l the degradation of the aromatic compounds was typically controlled by first order kinetics. The first-order surface removal rate constants were surprisingly similar, ranging from 2 to 4 m/d. It appears that NSO-compounds inhibit the degradation of aromatic hydrocarbons, even at very low concentrations of NSO-compounds. Under nitrate-reducing conditions, toluene was easily biodegraded. The xylenes and ethylbenzene were degraded cometabolically if toluene was used as a primary carbon source; their removal was influenced by competitive inhibition with toluene. These interaction phenomena are discussed in this paper and a kinetic model taking into account cometabolism and competitive inhibition is proposed.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Crude Oil Degrading Bacteria in Association with Microalgae in Saver Pit from Egbaoma Flow Station, Niger Delta, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Obhioze Augustine Akpoka
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacterium ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

The capability of indigenous bacteria and microalgae in crude oil effluents to grow in and utilize crude oil as their sole source of carbon and energy provides an environmentally friendly and economical process for dealing with crude oil pollution and its inherent hazards. In view of the toxicity of crude oil spillages to indwellers of the affected ecosystems and the entire affected environment, the isolation of pure bacterial and microalgae cultures from crude effluents is a step in the right direction, particularly for bio-augmentation or bioremediation purposes. The total heterotrophic bacteria count and hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria count, as well as the microalgae count, were determined with the pour plate technique. The physicochemical properties of the effluent samples were also analyzed. Identification of the hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria was performed with phenotypic techniques. The result shows a mean total heterotrophic bacterium count of 5.91 log CFU/ml and a mean microalga count of 4.77 log cells/ml. When crude oil and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) were used as sole carbon sources, total hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria counts were respectively estimated at 3.89 and 2.89 log CFU/ml. Phenotypic identification of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria in the crude oil effluents revealed the presence of two main bacterial genera: Streptococcus and Pseudomonas. Data obtained from this study confirmed the biodegradative abilities of indigenous bacterial species, thus, ultimately resulting in the amelioration of the toxicity associated with the crude oil effluents.

scholarly journals Efficient degradation of naproxen by persulfate activated with zero-valent iron: performance, kinetic and degradation pathways

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
pp. 2078-2091
Author(s):  
Shuyu Dong ◽  
Xiaoxue Zhai ◽  
Ruobing Pi ◽  
Jinbao Wei ◽  
Yunpeng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Zero Valent Iron ◽  
Degradation Pathways ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Pseudo First Order

Abstract Degradation of naproxen (NAP) by persulfate (PS) activated with zero-valent iron (ZVI) was investigated in our study. The NAP in aqueous solution was degraded effectively by the ZVI/PS system and the degradation exhibited a pseudo-first-order kinetics pattern. Both sulfate radical (SO4•−) and hydroxyl radical (HO•) participate in the NAP degradation. The second-order rate constants for NAP reacting with SO4•− and HO• were (5.64 ± 0.73) × 109 M−1 s−1 and (9.05 ± 0.51) × 109 M−1 s−1, respectively. Influence of key parameters (initial pH, PS dosage, ZVI dosage, and NAP dosage) on NAP degradation were evaluated systematically. Based on the detected intermediates, the pathways of NAP degradation in ZVI/PS system was proposed. It was found that the presence of ammonia accelerated the corrosion of ZVI and thus promoted the release of Fe2+, which induced the increased generation of sulfate radicals from PS and promoted the degradation of NAP. Compared to its counterpart without ammonia, the degradation rates of NAP by ZVI/PS were increased to 3.6–17.5 folds and 1.2–2.2 folds under pH 7 and pH 9, respectively.

scholarly journals Modeling the Effect of Plants and Peat on Evapotranspiration in Constructed Wetlands

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florent Chazarenc ◽  
Simon Naylor ◽  
Yves Comeau ◽  
Gérard Merlin ◽  
Jacques Brisson
Keyword(s):  
Phragmites Australis ◽  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Hydraulic Behaviour ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Effect

Evapotranspiration (ET) in constructed wetlands (CWs) represents a major factor affecting hydrodynamics and treatment performances. The presence of high ET was shown to improve global treatment performances, however ET is affected by a wide range of parameters including plant development and CWs age. Our study aimed at modelling the effect of plants and peat on ET in CWs; since we hypothesized peat could behave like the presence of accumulated organic matter in old CWs. Treatment performances, hydraulic behaviour, and ET rates were measured in eight 1 m2CWs mesocosm (1 unplanted, 1 unplanted with peat, 2 planted withPhragmites australis, 2 planted withTypha latifoliaand 2 planted withPhragmites australiswith peat). Two models were built using first order kinetics to simulate COD and TKN removal with ET as an input. The effect of peat was positive on ET and was related to the better growth conditions it offered to macrophytes. Removal efficiency in pilot units with larger ET was higher for TKN. On average, results show for COD ak20value of 0.88d-1and 0.36d-1for TKN. We hypothesized that the main effect of ET was to concentrate effluent, thus enhancing degradation rates.

A New Approach in Kinetic Modeling Using Thermodynamic Framework for Chemically Reacting Systems and Oxidative Ageing in Polymer Composites

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V. Mohankumar ◽  
K. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Gibbs Potential ◽  
New Approach ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Chemically Reacting Systems ◽  
Chemically Reacting ◽  
Reacting Systems ◽  
Single Reaction

A thermodynamic framework for chemically reacting systems is put to use in kinetic modeling of any chemical system with N species undergoing M reactions. A new approach of deriving kinetic models from a Gibbs potential, of multivariate polynomial function, is demonstrated with an example of single reaction system involving three species. Also, the usual first order kinetics is deduced as a special case in the example. The distinct advantages of the new approach lies in obtaining the evolution of concentrations of species, their individual chemical potentials and the specific Gibbs potential and is demonstrated for a single reaction system as an example. Oxidation in polymer composites is studied with a coupled reaction-diffusion model obtained using first order kinetics and is solved for a boundary value problem that predicts the concentration of species over space and time. Concentration of oxidized products is correlated with modulus of aged sample and degradation effects is calculated in case of simple torsion.

scholarly journals Occurrence of hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in soil in Kukawa, Borno State

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
IA Allamin ◽  
UJJ Ijah ◽  
HY Ismail ◽  
ML Riskuwa
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
As Species ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Hydrocarbon Utilizing Bacteria

Soil samples were collected from five sites covering petroleum exploration station in Kukawa, Kukawa Local Government Area of Borno State, Nigeria between October, 2012 and February, 2013 at two different depths (0-10cm and 10-20cm) to enumerate and identify hydrocarbon degrading bacteria in the soil. Total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria (TAHB) were enumerated on Nutrient agar (NA), and Hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria (HUB) enumerated on Oil agar (OA). The bacterial isolates were identified using morphological and biochemical tests. It was observed that the microorganisms (TAHB, and HUB) were more densely populated at 10cm depth. (TAHB: 5.3×108 - 11.4×108cfu/g, and HUB: 2.4×105 - 5.3×105 cfu/g, than at 20 cm depth (TAHB: 3.0×108 - 5.7×108 cfu/g, and HUB: 2.1×105 - 4.8×105 cfu/g). The HUB was identified as species of Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Klebsiella, Lactobacillus, Micrococcus, Corynebacterium, and Actinomyces. Bacillus, and Pseudomonas species were more constantly isolated than other isolates and they constitute 100% of total bacterial isolates. The potential of hydrocarbon utilizing bacteria isolated to degrade hydrocarbon was studied. Nineteen (19) bacterial species was screened, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Micrococcus leteus,and Lactobacillus casei, utilized and degrade crude oil at considerably high rates after 21 days of incubation. The degradation efficiency was confirmed by GC-MS analysis, which indicated that the bacterial isolates utilized most of the crude oil components particularly straight chain alkanes and cycloalkanes DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ije.v3i2.10503 International Journal of the Environment Vol.3(2) 2014: 36-47

scholarly journals Highlight on the Mechanism of Linear Polyamidoamine Degradation in Water

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1376
Author(s):  
Matteo Arioli ◽  
Amedea Manfredi ◽  
Jenny Alongi ◽  
Paolo Ferruti ◽  
Elisabetta Ranucci
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Michael Reaction ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Leaving Groups

This paper aims at elucidating the degradation mechanism of linear polyamidoamines (PAAs) in water. PAAs are synthesized by the aza-Michael polyaddition of prim-monoamines or bis-sec-amines with bisacrylamides. Many PAAs are water-soluble and have potential for biotechnological applications and as flame-retardants. PAAs have long been known to degrade in water at pH ≥ 7, but their degradation mechanism has never been explored in detail. Filling this gap was necessary to assess the suitability of PAAs for the above applications. To this aim, a small library of nine PAAs was expressly synthesized and their degradation mechanism in aqueous solution studied by 1H-NMR in different conditions of pH and temperature. The main degradation mechanism was in all cases the retro-aza-Michael reaction triggered by dilution but, in some cases, hints were detected of concurrent hydrolytic degradation. Most PAAs were stable at pH 4.0; all degraded at pH 7.0 and 9.0. Initially, the degradation rate was faster at pH 9.0 than at pH 7.0, but the percent degradation after 97 days was mostly lower. In most cases, at pH 7.0 the degradation followed first order kinetics. The degradation rates mainly depended on the basicity of the amine monomers. More basic amines acted as better leaving groups.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Polluted Soil Sites with Crude Oil Hydrocarbons Using Carrot Peel Waste

Environments ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Latifa Hamoudi-Belarbi ◽  
Safia Hamoudi ◽  
Khaled Belkacemi ◽  
L’Hadi Nouri ◽  
Leila Bendifallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Polluted Soil ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Oil Hydrocarbons ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Petroleum Oil

The biostimulation potentials of carrot peel waste and carob kibbles for bioremediation of crude petroleum-oil polluted soil were investigated. Temperature, pH, moisture, total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH), and changes in microbial counts during 45 days were monitored when 4 mL of carrot peel waste or carob kibbles media were added to 200 g of crude oil polluted soil samples. Gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) was used to compare hydrocarbon present in the crude oil polluted soil and in pure fuel, composition of crude oil polluted soil was analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and the TPH was measured by distillation using distiller mud. The results showed that, at the end of experiments, the concentration of TPH decreased in crude oil polluted soil containing carrot peel waste with a percentage of 27 ± 1.90% followed by crude oil polluted soil containing carob kibbles (34 ± 1.80%) and in the unamended control soil (36 ± 1.27%), respectively. The log [Colony Forming Unit (CFU)/g] of total heterotrophic bacteria in the crude oil polluted soil increased from 10.46 ± 0.91 to 13.26 ± 0.84 for carrot peel waste, from 11.01 ± 0.56 to 11.99 ± 0.77 for carob kibbles and from 8.18 ± 0.39 to 8.84 ± 0.84 for control, respectively. Such results demonstrated that carrot peel could be used to enhance activities of the microbial hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria during bioremediation of crude petroleum-oil polluted soil.

Biodegradation Characteristics of Heavy Oil by Fungi Isolated from Petroleum Wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 2121-2124
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Dan Su ◽  
Hai Bo Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Effective Strain ◽  
Shake Flask Culture ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Petroleum Fractions ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Liaohe Oilfield ◽  
Biodegradation Process

Nine fungal strains, previously isolated from produced wastewater in Liaohe oilfield in China, were screened for the study on the biodegradation ability of heavy oil in a batch of shake-flask culture. Among them, fungi F1, F4, F5 and F7 showed relatively higher abilities for the biodegradation of heavy oil. Heavy oil removal rates after 56 days by the above four strains were 57.82 %, 63.30 %, 36.46 % and 45.63 %, respectively. In addition, the biodegradation process followed the first- order kinetics, and the half- life of heavy oil from long to short order was F5>F7>F1>F4. By contrast, fungus F4 was the highest effective strain for heavy oil degradation. Degradation rates of petroleum fractions by different fungal strains varied significantly. And the highest degradation rates of alkanes was 42.99 % by F5, and correspondingly, that of aromatics with 37.87 % by F1, and that of colloids and asphaltenes with 46.42 % by F4.

Rigid and film bioplastics degradation under suboptimal composting conditions: A kinetic study

2021 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2110637
Author(s):  
Federica Ruggero ◽  
Sara Belardi ◽  
Emiliano Caretti ◽  
Tommaso Lotti ◽  
Claudio Lubello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Study ◽  
Degradation Rate ◽  
Disintegration Process ◽  
First Order ◽  
Complete Degradation ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Imagej Software ◽  
Mesophilic Conditions

The present research investigates the degradation rate of bioplastics under various composting conditions, including suboptimal ones. Lab-scale tests were carried out setting three variables: temperature (37°C–58°C), humidity (30%–60%) and duration of the thermophilic and the maturation phases (15–60 days). The composting tests were carried out following modified guideline ISO 20200:2015 and lasted for 60 days. Bioplastics in the synthetic waste matrix consisted of Mater-Bi® film biobags and PLA rigid teaspoons. A kinetic study was performed, resulting in faster degradation rates for film bioplastics (first-order kinetics with k = 0.0850–0.1663 d−1) than for rigid (0.0018–0.0136 d−1). Moreover, film bioplastics reached a complete degradation within the 60 days of the test. Concerning the rigid products, 90% degradation would be achieved in 2–3 years for mesophilic conditions. Finally, in the undersieve of 0.5 mm some microplastics were identified with the ImageJ software, mainly relatable to rigid (PLA) bioplastics. Overall, the results disclosed that the combination of mesophilic temperatures and absence of moistening slowed down both the degradation and the disintegration process of bioplastics.

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