scholarly journals Rapid cultivation and stability of autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linan Zhang ◽  
Bei Long ◽  
Yuanyuan Cheng ◽  
Junfeng Wu ◽  
Binchao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Structure Stability ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Term Operation

Abstract Autotrophic nitrifying granular sludge (ANGS) was cultivated by gradually decreasing the influent organics and adding exogenous nitrifying bacteria. Under the strategy, ANGS was domesticated within 36 days. Stability of the seed heterotrophic granules decreased significantly during conversion of organic wastewater to inorganic ammonia wastewater. Obvious granular breakage was observed during these days. However, the granular debris still had good settlement performance. With microbes gradually acclimated to the new environment, the debris provided a large number of carriers for the attached growth of the exogenous nitrifying bacteria, and they replaced the heterotrophic bacteria and became the dominant species. The domesticated ANGS showed good nitrification performance during the 37th to the 183rd day (ammonia nitrogen load between 0.28 and 0.29 kg/m3 · d). The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was usually more than 95%, and nitrite accumulation rate was always larger than 50%. However, nitrification ability was gradually lost with the increase of the ammonia nitrogen load (0.3–0.64 kg/m3 · d) from the 184th day, and it almost approached the influent ammonia nitrogen at the 269th day. Interestingly, good structure stability of the ANGS was maintained during long-term operation, and the ANGS became smoother and denser at the end of the experiment.

Nitritation of real sewage: start-up and maintenance by the side-stream heat-shock treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei Chen ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Han ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Yongzhen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heat Shock ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Shock Treatment ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Heat Shock Treatment ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Side Stream ◽  
Start Up

Abstract In this study, the side-stream heat-shock treatment was used to start up and maintain the nitritation of real sewage. Complete nitrification was obtained when the real sewage was treated in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR). Then, about 50% of the mixed sludge was collected from the SBR and treated with the heat-shock treatment at 60 °C for 40 min in another reactor every 2 weeks. After providing the heat-shock treatment for four times, the effluent nitrate in the SBR gradually decreased from 22.5 to 3.2 mg/L, while the nitrite accumulation rate increased from 4.4% to 81.8%, indicating a successful start-up of nitritation. Further, the sewage nitritation was stable with the regular side-steam heat-shock treatment for 91 days, and the ammonium removal efficiency of 80.6% and nitrite accumulation rate of 91.2% were achieved. This study suggests that the side-stream heat-shock treatment could be used to start up sewage nitritation and maintain stability for a long-term operation.

Effect on Denitrification Efficiency in Alternating Process at Different C/N Ratio

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 442-445
Author(s):  
Chun Di Gao ◽  
Wei Xiao Wang ◽  
Shi Xin Fan ◽  
Hao Li ◽  
Er Long Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Partial Nitrification ◽  
Biological Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
The Impact

Nitrification-denitrification biological nitrogen removal process has become the hotspot for the wastewater. During carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was 1.16, 2.25, 4.07 and 6.20, the change of denitrification efficiency and the impact on the partial nitrification/denitrification was investigated. The results showed that removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was maintained in the high level, and was stable above 98% after C/N ratio higher than 1.16. With C/N ratio increased, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand was increased about 20%, total nitrogen was increased from 54.9% to 84.6%. Simultaneously, after C/N ratio was higher than 4.07, the concentration of effluent TN was below 15 mg/L. Nitrite accumulation rate was maintained above 95%, the effect on partial nitrification was good, and the concentration of effluent nitrate was nearly 0, the best ratio of the C/N ratio was 4.07.

Research of Carbon and Nitrogen Ratio and Sludge Stability in Aerobic Granular Sludge Bioreactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 473-477
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Hui Xia Feng ◽  
Feng Jiang ◽  
Na Li Chen ◽  
Xiao Chun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
The Stability

In sequencing batch reactor aerobic granular sludge was cultivated, and the influence of influent C/N ratio to aerobic granular sludge was studied. The results showed that the granulation and the settling ability of the sludge were poor in high C/N, however, low C/N was beneficial to the accumulation of microorganism in reactor and MLSS could reach to as high as 8740 mg/L. Lower C/N ratio would lead to increase of particle size and disintegrate of loose structure and overgrowth on filamentous microbe, these were disadvantage of the stability of the system. It was not obvious that influent C/N ratio affected on the organic removal. The COD removal maintained at 87% after the preliminary form particles were formed in reactor. When C/N ratio was 100:15~100:35, the phosphorus removal efficiency was good. If C/N ratio was too high or too low, the formation of sludge granulation would be affected in the process. The influence of C/N ratio to ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was obvious. While C/N ratio was 100:10, granular sludge had good simultaneous nitrification and denitrification performance, and the average removal of ammonia nitrogen attained to 91%. But low C/N ratio was able to inhibit the activity of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. At that time, ammonia nitrogen removal rate declined sharply in the system.

Rapid start-up of a nitrifying reactor using aerobic granular sludge as seed sludge

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naohiro Kishida ◽  
Goro Saeki ◽  
Satoshi Tsuneda ◽  
Ryuichi Sudo
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Seed Sludge

In this study, the effectiveness of aerobic granular sludge as seed sludge for rapid start-up of nitrifying processes was investigated using a laboratory-scale continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) fed with completely inorganic wastewater which contained a high concentration of ammonia. Even when a large amount of granular biomass was inoculated in the reactor, and the characteristics of influent wastewater were abruptly changed, excess biomass washout was not observed, and biomass concentration was kept high at the start-up period due to high settling ability of the aerobic granular sludge. As a result, an ammonia removal rate immediately increased and reached more than 1.0 kg N/m3/d within 20 days and up to 1.8 kg N/m3/d on day 39. Subsequently, high rate nitritation was stably attained during 100 days. However, nitrite accumulation had been observed for 140 days before attaining complete nitrification to nitrate. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed the increase in amount of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria which existed in the outer edge of the granular sludge during the start-up period. This microbial ecological change would make it possible to attain high rate ammonia removal.

Effect of long-term idle periods on the performance of sequencing batch reactors

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Morgenroth ◽  
A. Obermayer ◽  
E. Arnold ◽  
A. Brühl ◽  
M. Wagner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation ◽  
Gene Probe ◽  
Minor Effect ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
A Minor

Sludge storage can be used as an effective control handle to adjust plant capacity to large influent variations. The sequencing batch reactor (SBR) technology is well suited for temporary sludge storage because reactors can easily be switched off individually and operated in an idle mode. In this study experimental results on the effect of long term (weeks) idle periods on nitrogen removal are presented. The SBRs were operated with idle times ranging from 6 to 20 days. Batch experiments were performed where sludge was stored without the addition of any substrate for 7 weeks. In the SBRs, repeated long-term idle phases had only a minor effect on ammonia oxidation. The nitrite oxidation process was more sensitive to long idle phases resulting in temporary nitrite accumulation in the SBRs. Quantitative gene probe analyses demonstrated that the decay of ammonia oxidizers was slower than the decay of nitrite oxidizers which in turn decayed slower than heterotrophic bacteria.

Study on the Technology of Shortcut Nitrification-Denitrification Simultaneous Phosphorus Removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 1503-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fen Niu ◽  
Hai Jiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Accumulation Rate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Nitrite Accumulation

Shortcut Nitrification-Denitrification Simultaneous Phosphorus Removal applying in sequencing batch reactor were achieved successfully by Changing the run mode of SBR and controlling the operating conditions. When the MLSS:4700mg/L, PH:7.5~8.0 and DO:0.3~0.5mg/L(Aerobic phase), the removal rate of TP was more than 98%, the nitrite accumulation rate was more than 85%. After the reaction period of Shortcut Nitrification-Denitrification simultaneous Phosphorus Removal, the concentration of NH4+-N was below 50mg/L and the concentration of TP was less than 0.5mg/L.

Study on the Impact of DO and Organic Matter on Aerobic Granular Sludge Treating Municipal Sewage

2014 ◽  
Vol 989-994 ◽  
pp. 603-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yu ◽  
Hai Jiao Yu ◽  
Chen Ci Ma
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Aerobic Conditions ◽  
Do Concentration ◽  
The Impact

The experiment uses municipal sewage as the research object and runs SBR reactor in completely aerobic conditions. Through controlling different of DO concentration and COD concentration, we study spreading comparison. The results show that when DO concentration was 1mg/L, the removal effect of aerobic granular sludge process in SBR treating municipal sewage was best, the average removal rate of COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphorous was 90.12%,98.95%,87.65% and 83.74% respectively. When COD concentration of influent was about 400mg/L, the treatment effects of aerobic granular sludge for COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and phosphorous were all better, the average removal rate was up to 92.33%,98.83%,88.17% and 80.25% respectively.

scholarly journals Reactor performance and membrane fouling of a novel submerged aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor during long-term operation

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Li ◽  
Yanjun Liu ◽  
Xiaoning Li ◽  
Fangqin Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Reactor Performance ◽  
Term Operation

Abstract The aerobic granular sludge membrane bioreactor (AGS-MBR) has the potential for simultaneous carbon/nitrogen removal and membrane fouling mitigation. Most studies have focused on comparison of granular sludge MBR and flocculent sludge MBR in short-term tests using synthetic wastewater. In this study, two identical AGS-MBRs were developed, and the reactor performance and membrane fouling were examined systemically over 120 days for synthetic wastewater and municipal sewage treatment, respectively. Results showed that regular granules with good settling ability were developed and maintained throughout the experimental period. Regardless of the substrate type, AGS-MBR demonstrated a stable removal of carbon (85–95%) and nitrogen (50–55%) in long-term operation. In addition, the membrane fouling propensity is apparently lower in AGS-MBRs with no membrane cleaning for 4 months at a flux of 20 L m−2h−1. The filtration resistance analysis indicates that the main membrane resistance was caused by irreversible fouling in both of the reactors. Membrane foulant analysis indicates that proteins in extracellular polymeric substances are more prone to be attached by the membrane of AGS-MBRs because of their hydrophobic nature. This study shows that AGS-MBR is effective and stable for municipal sewage treatment and reuse during long-term operation.

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