scholarly journals Chemical speciation and risk assessment of heavy metals in biochars derived from sewage sludge and anaerobically digested sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaqi Zhao ◽  
Chunsheng Qiu ◽  
Xiaodan Fan ◽  
Jinxin Zheng ◽  
Nannan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Dewatered Sewage Sludge ◽  
High Level

Abstract The dewatered sewage sludge (DSS) and anaerobically digested sludge (ADS) were pyrolyzed at 550 °C to investigate the characteristics of derived biochar and evaluate the risk of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb). The results showed that the pH value of the biochar derived from DSS (DSS-C) was slightly lower than that of the biochar derived from ADS (ADS-C), while DSS-C presented relatively higher specific surface area and total pore volume. DSS-C also showed higher H/C and lower O/C ratios than ADS-C, indicating a higher aromatic condensation and a lower polarity. And the total concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, and Pb in DSS and ADS increased significantly after pyrolysis owing to the thermal decomposition of organic matter in the sludge, with corresponding rise of the Nemerow pollution index (NPI) of the biochars compared with the raw sludge. In addition, the sequential extraction procedure (BCR) analysis revealed that pyrolysis process promoted the transformation of heavy metals from bio-available fractions to stable fractions. The potential environmental risk of heavy metals decreased from moderate and extremely high level in the DSS and ADS to low risk and moderate level in DSS-C and ADS-C after pyrolysis, respectively.

Behaviour of endocrine disrupting chemicals during the treatment of municipal sewage sludge

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 133-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Ivashechkin ◽  
P.F.-X. Corvini ◽  
M. Dohmann
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge ◽  
Sludge Conditioning

Agricultural application of municipal sewage sludge has been emotionally discussed in the last decades, because the latter contains endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and other organic micro-pollutants with unknown fate and risk potential. Bisphenol A (BPA) was chosen as a model substance to investigate the influence of sludge conditioning on the end-concentration of EDCs in sludge. Adsorption studies with radioactive-labelled BPA showed that more than 75% BPA in anaerobically digested sludge is bound to solids (log Kd = 2.09-2.30; log Koc = 2.72-3.11). Sludge conditioning with polymer or iron (III) chloride alone had no influence on the adsorption of BPA. After conditioning with iron (III) chloride and calcium hydroxide desorption of BPA took place. Apparently, it occurred due to the deprotonation of BPA (pKa = 10.3) as the pH-value reached 12.4 during the process. The same behaviour is expected for other phenolic EDCs with similar pKa (nonylphenol, 17β-estradiol, estron, estriol, 17α-ethinylestradiol). This study shows high affinity of BPA to the anaerobically digested sludge and importance of conditioning in the elimination of EDCs during the sludge treatment. Addition of polymer is favourable in the case of sludge incineration. Conditioning with iron (III) chloride and calcium hydroxide shows advantages for the use of sludge as fertiliser.

Speciation of heavy metals in untreated sewage sludge by using microwave assisted sequential extraction procedure

2009 ◽  
Vol 163 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 1157-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad K. Jamali ◽  
Tasneem G. Kazi ◽  
Muhammad B. Arain ◽  
Hassan I. Afridi ◽  
Nusrat Jalbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Untreated Sewage

Influence and Mechanism of Different pH Values of Extractant on the Leachability of Heavy Metals in Industrial Sewage Sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1000-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yong Liu ◽  
Shui Yu Sun ◽  
Yan Bin Xu ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Shao Song Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Industrial Sewage Sludge

The leaching tests of heavy metals in industrial sewage sludge were carried out under different pH of extractant by the solid waste extraction procedure for leaching toxicity (GB5086.2-1997) of China on the base of the contents and fractions of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Mn and Ni elements. The results showed that the sludge was with higher levels of Mn and Zn, followed by Cu and Ni, while the higher toxicity of Pb and Cr was lower. The fractions of different elements in the sewage sludge had very different forms. The potential migration and biological toxicity were a concern for the active forms of Zn, Mn, Ni, Cr because their active proportions were more than 50%. The pH of extraction solutions had an important impact on the leaching of heavy metals in sewage sludge. The largest concentrations of Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu were appeared when the pH of extractant was about 7, but that of Fe had a greater fluctuation at the same pH. The concentrations of heavy metals had very different at different pH values, which may be related with the process of adsorption/desorption, complexation/dissociation, the dissolution/precipitation/co-precipitation and other chemical reactions in the extractant process.

scholarly journals Application of geochemical and ecotoxicity indices for assessment of heavy metals content in soils / Zastosowanie wskaźników geochemicznych i ekotokysycznych w ocenie zawartości metali ciężkich w glebach

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Baran ◽  
Jerzy Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Vibrio Fischeri ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Geochemical Background ◽  
Human Pressure ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Metal Contents ◽  
Luminescence Inhibition ◽  
High Level

Abstract The research aimed to use chemical, geochemical, and ecotoxicity indices to assess the heavy metals content in soils with different degrees of exposure to human pressure. The research was conducted in southern Poland, in the Malopolska (Little Poland) province. All metal contents exceeded geochemical background levels. The highest values of the Igeo index were found for cadmium and were 10.05 (grasslands), 9.31 (forest), and 5.54 (arable lands), indicating extreme soil pollution (class 6) with this metal. Mean integrated pollution index (IPI) values, depending on the kind of use, amounted to 3.4 for arable lands, 4.9 for forests, and 6.6 for grasslands. These values are indicative of a high level of soil pollution in arable lands and an extremely high level of soil pollution in grasslands and forests. Depending on the type of soil use, Vibrio fischeri luminescence inhibition was from -33 to 59% (arable lands), from -48 to 78% (grasslands), and from 0 to 88% (forest). Significantly the highest toxicity was found in soils collected from forest grounds.

scholarly journals Chemical and Biological Leaching Methods to Remove Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge: A Review

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-517
Author(s):  
Lugard N. Ukiwe ◽  
Allinor J.I ◽  
Ejele A.E ◽  
Anyadiegwu C.I.C ◽  
Ibeneme S.I
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Thiobacillus Ferrooxidans ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Metal Extraction ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Chemical Leaching ◽  
Solids Concentration ◽  
Acid Consumption ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

The removal of heavy metals (HMs) in sewage sludge (SS) is important since sludge is often disposed or applied on farmland to enhance soil fertility. The present study reviewed two conceptual approaches (chemical and biological leaching) of removing HMs present in SS. In the chemical leaching method, traditional acid treatment together with novel methods such as aeration, complexation and sequential extraction procedure have been reviewed extensively. Certain factors influence the removal of HMs in SS. These factors include; pH, leaching agent, redox potential, and contact time. Nitric acid (HNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), sulphuric acid (H2SO4), phosphoric acid (H3PO4), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), as well as Thiobacillus thiooxidans and Thiobacillus ferrooxidans are the most widely studied leaching agents and substrates involved in the chemical and bioleaching processes. However, the bioleaching process has been proposed as a safe, efficient, economical, environmental friendly method to remove HMs in SS due to its simplicity, high yield of metal extraction, low acid consumption, and low sludge solids concentration. Nevertheless, the present review has noted that most researchers are of the opinion that more studies are needed in the bioleaching method in order to enhance its commercial attraction.  

Time-saving application for sequential extraction of heavy metals by optimized BCR method and lixiviation from untreated sewage sludge

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jamali ◽  
T. Kazi ◽  
M. Arain ◽  
H. Afridi ◽  
J. Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Certified Reference Material ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Optimum Recovery

This article describes an improvement in the modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure employed for heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in untreated domestic waste-water sewage sludge collected from different cities in Pakistan.The BCR sequential extraction protocol requires 16 h for each step, whereas in the present work optimum recoveries of all heavy metals were attained in 10 h/step. The validity of the proposed BCR sequential extraction procedure was checked using certified reference material (BCR 483). Various parameters such as time interval (2–16 h) and sample mass (0.2–1.0 g) were studied to achieve optimum recovery of the heavy metals studied. The extracted analytes were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimum recovery of heavy metals from the certified reference material and from experimental samples was achieved at a sample mass of 0.4 g, while the time required for extraction on a mechanical shaker at 30 rpm was found to be 26–32 h. The sequence of easily available (acid-exchangeable) heavy metals was determined as Cd<Zn<Ni<Cr<Pb<Cu. With the exception of Cd the dominant fractions of the heavy metals were associated with organic matter, while 31.0 and 47.8% of Cd was present in acid-soluble and reducible forms, respectively. A lixiviation test (DIN 38414-S4) was used to evaluate the leaching of heavy metals from the domestic waste-water sewage sludge used for agricultural purposes.

Competitive adsorption of heavy metals in aqueous solution onto biochar derived from anaerobically digested sludge

Chemosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Jie Ni ◽  
Qi-Su Huang ◽  
Chen Wang ◽  
Tian-Yi Ni ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Competitive Adsorption ◽  
Digested Sludge ◽  
Anaerobically Digested Sludge

scholarly journals Review: Mekanisme Akumulasi Logam Berat di Ekosistem Pascatambang Timah

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 408
Author(s):  
Andri Kurniawan ◽  
Diah Mustikasari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Accumulation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Ecological Effect ◽  
Exploration And Exploitation ◽  
High Level ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Tin exploration and exploitation activiy have caused damages and changes of ecosystem. The macroecosystem can caused to microecosystem changes directly. One of ecological effect was caused by tin mining, that heavy metal existence. The heavy metal accumulation can influenced chemical and physical structure of an ecosystem such as pH value and high level of heavy metal residue. The extrem of physical and chemical status impacted to ability of macro and microorganisms to survive in the environment. This articles review aims to describe the potential of heavy metals contamination like As, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Zn that found in tin mining locations, its toxicity, the machanisms of heavy metals accumulation in an organism, and treatments for decontaminant by bioremediation. This review’ expectancy can be an important information in a management of ex-tin mining for environment utilization and development in long lasting and sustainable.

Mechanisms and Effects of Extraction Time on the Leachability of Heavy Metals in Sewage Sludge from Guangzhou

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1771-1775
Author(s):  
Jing Yong Liu ◽  
Shui Yu Sun ◽  
Yan Bin Xu ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Shao Song Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The leaching tests of heavy metals in sewage sludge were carried out under different extraction time by the solid waste extraction procedure for leaching toxicity(GB5086.2-1997) of China on the base of the contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Mn and Ni elements. The results showed that the sludge was with higher levels of Mn and Zn, followed by Cu and Ni, while the higher toxicity of Pb and Cr was lower, in which the order from the high to low was 1152mg/kg, 987mg/kg, 274mg/kg, 132mg/kg, 104 mg/kg and 87mg/kg, respectively. The extraction time had an important effects on the leaching of heavy metals in sewage sludge, in which the Zn, Ni, Cu leaching contents of the largest in range of 0-8h and Fe, Mn were increasing all through 0-24h. Different extraction time of the leaching amount of metals was very different, which may be related to the process of adsorption/desorption, complexation/dissociation, dissolution-precipitation/co-precipitation and other reactions.

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