scholarly journals Evaluation of carcinogenic risk to public health of the republic of Khakassia associated with consumption of drinking water

2016 ◽  
pp. 44-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Pivovarova, ◽  
◽  
N.Yu. Shibanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE CARCINOGENIC RISK FOR THE POPULATION OF ULAN-UDE

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Efimova ◽  
S. S. Khankharev ◽  
Vladimir R. Motorov ◽  
E. V. Madeeva
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Significance ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. Oncological pathology has a high medical and social significance, so it is important to study the conditions of its formation. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cumulative carcinogenic risk for the population of the administrative center of the Republic of Buryatia (Ulan-Ude). Material and methods. The identification of the carcinogenic hazard caused by the entry of chemical ingredients into the ambient air was carried out in 2005-2015. The exposure assessment is based on long-term average annual concentrations of carcinogens in the air, drinking water, food. Indices of comparative carcinogenic hazard (HCR) and individual carcinogenic risk (ICR) are calculated. Results. The huge engineering enterprises are sources of several substances with carcinogenic effects (formaldehyde, chrome VI, cadmium, niсkel, epichlorohydrin, etc.).The individual carcinogenic risk for residents of Ulan-Ude is included in the range unacceptable for the general population. The main pathway for chemical agents to enter the body is inhalation (79%). The greatest contribution to the total individual carcinogenic risk on admission from the air was made by formaldehyde, chromium VI and Benz(a)pyrene. Priority carcinogens coming from drinking water and food are arsenic, cadmium, lead. Conclusion. Results of the assessment of individual carcinogenic risk in Ulan-Ude indicate an unacceptable level of the impact on the population. The assessment has a number of uncertainties, which determines the need to further improve the monitoring system for carcinogenic hazards.

scholarly journals Assessment of carcinogenic risk caused by the impact of the environmental factors on urban population health

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-195
Author(s):  
Valery N. Rakitskii ◽  
Yuriy I. Stepkin ◽  
Oleg V. Klepikov ◽  
Semyon A. Kurolap
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Quantitative Risk Assessment ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Laboratory Control ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The high level of environmental pollution in industrial cities, including carcinogens, causes an unacceptable risk to public health. In this regard, a quantitative risk assessment is required to develop preventive measures to reduce it. The aim of the study was to assess the carcinogenic risk to the health of the population of an industrialized city, caused by the probable presence of carcinogens in the ambient air, drinking water of the centralized water supply system, and the soil of the residential area. Material and research methods. The laboratory control of the content of carcinogens in environmental objects of the city of Voronezh for 2017-2020 was used as the reference data. The carcinogenic risk was assessed under the provisions of Guideline R. 2.1.10.1920-04 “Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health when exposed to chemicals that pollute the environment.” Results. Taking into account the regional peculiarities of the composition of pollutant emissions into the atmospheric air, 1,3-butadiene (source - production of synthetic rubber) should be classified as priority carcinogens requiring systematic monitoring and measures to reduce emissions and, accordingly, concentrations in the surface layer of atmospheric air and chromium6+ compounds (the main source is an aircraft plant), which contribute 69.9-75.7% and 21.7-26.9%, respectively, to the total values of the individual carcinogenic risk, which exceeds the maximum permissible level (1 • 10-4). The carcinogenic risk from exposure to drinking water pollutants (halogenated organic substances) and soil (under the scenario of accidental ingestion by preschool children) is below the maximum permissible risk (1 • 10-4). Conclusion. It is necessary to pay attention to increasing the sensitivity of the applied laboratory control methods, expanding the list of controlled carcinogenic pollutants, improving the monitoring system of carcinogens, and implementing measures to reduce the carcinogenic risk associated with atmospheric air pollution.

scholarly journals Assessment of environmental risks to the Voronezh Oblast public health resulted from contamination of drinking water sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Policy ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Voronezh Oblast

The relevance of research is particularly high for the Central Black Earth Region due to the high population density and the presence of numerous dispersed sources of environmental risk with a chemical type of impact on natural waters. People are forced to use water that does not meet health standards for drinking purposes, which poses a serious threat to their health. The article presents the results of calculating the non-carcinogenic risk from exposure of the body to priority chemicals (iron, manganese, nitrates) contained in the drinking water supply sources of the region, based on average annual concentrations at 174 monitoring points of control (m.t.c.) of the distribution network in settlements Voronezh Oblast. Methods. As a methodological basis for assessing environmental risks, the regulatory document R.2.1.10.1920–04 “Guidelines for assessing the risk to public health when exposed to chemicals that pollute the environment” was used. Results. According to the results of the study, it was revealed that nitrates remain the dominant indicator of drinking water pollution in the region. Calculations showed that in 9 settlements of 7 districts of the Oblast and the city of Voronezh (19 m.t.s. out of 174), the quantitative value of the non-carcinogenic risk poses an objective threat to the health of both children and adults living in these territories. The practical significance of the work is determined by the possibility of using the results of the study to improve regional water policy and increase the environmental safety and comfort of water use in the region.

scholarly journals Chemical Pollution of Drinking Water in Haiti: An Important Threat to Public Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Emmanuel ◽  
Evens Emmanuel
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Dental Fluorosis ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Chemical Pollution ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
The Republic

The geophysical environment of the Republic of Haiti is characterized by hydrological and biogeographical climatic phenomena, and a relief marked by its rugged appearance. Most of the territory is occupied by mountains formed of limestone. The differences in level are very marked. Fragmentation is another feature of the relief. These environmental imperfections juxtaposed with difficult socioeconomic conditions and anthropogenic actions raise questions about possible chemical metal pollution of the country’s water resources. Indeed, the predominance of limestone in the Haitian geology generate water hardness, and in the case where the magnesium concentration is less than 7 mg/l, this water may be the source of cardiovascular diseases. Studies carried out on several water points show a total hardness greater than 200 mg/l. In Port-au-Prince, concentrations of lead ranging from 40 μg/L to 90 μg/L and high Cr (III) risks were measured and estimated in groundwater and drinking water. Concentration of fluorine ranging from 0 to 2 mg/l were obtained from water resources. Concentration above 1.5 mg/l have been found from alluvial aquifers. Chronic public health risks, such as cardiovascular diseases, deterioration of the psychological development of children, irreversible functional and morphological renal changes, and dental fluorosis, strain Haiti’s water resources. Chemicals’ exposures seem to pose a threat to public health in Haiti, which need to be studied. The aim of this study is: (i) to analyze the contribution of geology and anthropogenic actions in the alteration of water quality, (ii) to review the toxicology of chemicals detected in water distributed in Port-au-Prince.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENIC RISK TO POPULATION HEALTH DUE TO HIGH ARSENIC CONTENT IN DRINKING ARTESIAN WATER OF THE NORTH DAGESTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 743-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamila O. Abdulmutalimova ◽  
B. A. Revich
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Arsenic Content ◽  
Minimum Concentration ◽  
The North ◽  
Exposed Population ◽  
Annual Population ◽  
The Republic

The northern part of the Republic of Daghestan is characterized by high levels of arsenic in artesian drinking water due to peculiarities of the chemical composition of the water-bearing plateaus. The concentrations of arsenic in water samples ranged from 0.01mg/l to 0.5 mg/l. According to current guidelines for arsenic of 0.01mg/l, the excess in the level of arsenic in water was detected to 20-fold or more in 12 villages with the total population of 15 827 people. To evaluate the cancer health risks from exposure to arsenic we used еру risk assessment method. Lifetime individual cancer risks were shown to be at the minimum concentration (0.01mg/l) - 4.3E-4; at maximum concentration (0.5 mg / l) -2.1E-2, respectively, with a mean of 0.14 mg/l - 6.0E-3. The cancer health risks results were found to be higher than permissible value of 1∙10-6. For the exposed population (309,700 people) annual population cancer health risks ranged from 1 to 94.8 additional cases of possible occurrence of cancer. The results of this study revealed areas with high levels of arsenic in drinking water and determined the exposed portion of population to recognize the implementation of measures for the mitigation of risks.

The effect of distribution system biofilm bacteria on copper concentrations in drinking water

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
M.M. Critchley ◽  
N.J. Cromar ◽  
N. McClure ◽  
H.J. Fallowfield
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Xanthomonas Maltophilia ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Rhodococcus Sp

This study investigated the potential for distribution system biofilm bacteria to elevate copper concentrations in drinking water. Biofilms were sampled from household copper reticulation pipes and grown on R2A agar. Laboratory coupon experiments were used to determine the effect of single isolate biofilms on aqueous copper concentrations. The majority of biofilm bacteria did not affect copper concentrations in comparison to sterile controls. However, several bacteria including Acidovorax delafieldii, Cytophaga johnsonae and Micrococcus kristinae were shown to significantly elevate copper concentrations in drinking water. In contrast, the bacteria Rhodococcus sp. and Xanthomonas maltophilia were shown to significantly decrease copper levels in comparison to controls. The significance of biofilm bacteria to increase copper concentrations in drinking water has implications for public health by increasing concentrations to levels toxic to humans.

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