scholarly journals Allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts from agro-industrial residues of pecan nut [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh) C. Koch] and pinhão (Araucaria angustifolia)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Voltaire SANT'ANNA ◽  
Maico Ismael KLEIN ◽  
Elaine BIONDO ◽  
Eliane Maria KOLCHINSKI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Industrial Residues ◽  
Pecan Nutshell

Pinhão seed coat and pecan nutshell are residues widely produced in households and industries, which present great potential to be used as source of natural preservatives in the food chain. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of pinhão seed coat and pecan nutshell aqueous extracts in inhibiting seed germination. Extracts were obtained in concentration of 10g/L, 5g/L and 2.5g/L and tested against lettuce seed germination in vitro tests. The results show that both aqueous extract presented the significant (p<0.05) ability to inhibit seeds germination as well as the germination seed index, in relation to control experiments, when used in concentrations of up to 5g/L. Extracts did not interfere significantly (p>0.05) the germinated plant root size. Thus, aqueous extracts of agro-industrial residues from pinhão seed coat and pecan nutshell presents alellopathic activity, showing up as interesting alternative to be used as natural herbicide, also representing a way of solid waste management by industries and small farmers.

scholarly journals Selection of phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D.C. Carvalho ◽  
Denilson F. Oliveira ◽  
Vicente P. Campos ◽  
Moacir Pasqual
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coleoptile Growth ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Freeze Dried

In order to select phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria to control weed plants, twenty five bacterial strains previously isolated from the rhizospheres of various plants were grown in a liquid medium and, after cell removal by centrifugation, the liquid phases were freeze-dried and the products were extracted with ethyl acetate/methanol. The extracts were concentrated to dryness under vacuum and dissolved in water and sucrose solution to be submitted to in vitro assays of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) coleoptile growth. Although most samples affected coleoptile growth, only those from four strains reduced lettuce seed germination. Two strains of Bacillus cereus, one strain of B. pumilus and one of Stenotrophoonas altophilia were the most promising microorganisms for producing phytotoxin and, consequently, for the development of new weed control products.

scholarly journals In vitro allelopathic effect of aqueous extracts of sugarcane on germination parameters of wheat

2017 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Majeed ◽  
Zahir MUHAMMAD ◽  
Manzoor HUSSAIN ◽  
Habib AHMAD
Keyword(s):  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Seedling Biomass ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Germination Indices ◽  
Germination Parameters

Allelopathy – interactions among plants for resources along with competition – is a composite phenomenon which has spacious potentials of application in agriculture. Understanding of interactions among plants, particularly cultivated crops, may be helpful in modifying crop cultivation pattern with consequent yields increments. In this study, we investigated the allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of root, stem peels and leaves of sugarcane (<em>Saccharum officinale</em> L.) cultivar <em>51</em> at concentrations 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0 g/l on germination indices and seedling biomass of wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum </em>L.) cultivar <em>Pirsabak-2005</em>. Results demonstrated that higher concentration (10.0 g/l) of extracts of root, stem peels and leaves significantly decreased mean germination time (MGT) but increased shoot and seminal root growth and seedling dry biomass; however, germination percentage was affected neither by extract concentration nor by plant parts used in the study. Extract concentrations up to 7.5 g/l had no effect on the studied parameters of wheat. Our result suggests that sugarcane’s allelopathy demonstrates healthy effects on wheat growth and that wheat could be cultivated in sequential rotation in field conditions.

Inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts of Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii on seed germination and growth of Sulla coronaria

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-281
Author(s):  
Chadlia Hachani ◽  
Mohammed S. Lamhamedi ◽  
Mejda Abassi ◽  
Zoubeir Béjaoui
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Centaurea Solstitialis ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Anthropogenic Threats ◽  
Sulla Coronaria

Biodiversity has been confronted with anthropogenic threats and several natural threats such as biological invasions. The success of these invasions involves phytotoxic products released by invasive plants that can exhibit allelopathic effects on target species. Thus, aqueous extracts from different parts of the Mediterranean yellow star-thistle [Centaurea solstitialis subsp. schouwii (DC.) Gugler], were tested for their allelopathic effects on seed germination and seedling growth of Sulla coronaria (L.). Bioassays were conducted in vitro to test the effects of the aqueous extracts of shoot, basal and root parts of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii at two different concentrations (50 g·L−1 and 10 g·L−1). The concentrations of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins of the extracts were also evaluated. Our results showed inhibitory effects on the germination and seedling growth of S. coronaria seedlings, particularly with the extract form the basal part, reaching 84%. This study confirms the linear relationships between the allelopathic effects of C. solstitialis subsp. schouwii and the polyphenol and flavonoid contents. However, further experiments are needed under field conditions to confirm the results obtained under laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals Biotesting the edafotopes of some species of broad-leaved trees in Ashinskiy state natural biological reserve (Chelyabinsk region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-93
Author(s):  
Павел Владимирович Левченко ◽  
Ирина Анатольевна Гетманец ◽  
Владимир Павлович Викторов
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Test Object ◽  
Quercus Robur ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Ulmus Glabra ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Biological Reserve

Представлены результаты изучения аллелопатической активности Quercus robur L., Acer platanoides L., Ulmus glabra Huds методом биотестирования. Выявлены различия воздействия аллелохимикатов на прорастание семян и развитие проростков тест-объекта в контролируемых условиях. Показана корреляция концентрации водных вытяжек листового опада и аллелопатического эффекта, оказываемого ими, которая подтверждена анализом функции средней. Here we present the results of studying the allelopathic activity of Quercus robur L., Acer platanoides L., Ulmus glabra Huds by biotesting. We revealed differences in the effect of allelochemicals on seed germination and the development of seedlings of the test object under controlled conditions. The correlation of the concentration of aqueous extracts of leaf litter and the allelopathic effect exerted by them is shown. The mentioned correlation is confirmed by the analysis of the average function.

scholarly journals In vitro germination and vegetative propagation through bud development of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana María Henao Ramírez ◽  
Aura Inés Urrea Trujillo ◽  
Lucía Atehortúa Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Oilseed Crop ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Plukenetia Volubilis ◽  
Sacha Inchi

This study describes the in vitro seed germination and micropropagation of Plukenetia volubilis (sacha inchi), an oilseed crop rich in omega-3 fatty acids, with health benefits and several industrial applications. Seed germination was evaluated in different culture media (MS and 1/2 MS), seed coat presence/absence and culture temperature (18 °C and 28 °C). Micropropagation was performed using axillary bud development (ABD) on nodal segments from in vitro seedlings. KIN, BAP and 2-ip were evaluated for ABD, and the effect of modified MS in 453 mg L-1 CaCl2 and 351.62 mg L-1 MgSO4 on ABD and shoot survival was assessed to improve the process. Finally, six treatments were evaluated to optimize ABD and shoot leaf formation. Seed germination of 91.6 % was achieved in MS at 28 °C when the seed coat was removed. ABD was obtained in 45 % and 40 % with 0.4 mg L-1 KIN and 0.6 mg L-1 2-ip, respectively, with the least CAL. The modification in 453 mg L-1 CaCl2 then allowed 76 % ABD and 82 % explant survival. ABD response was optimized to 95 % and 2.45 leaves with MS medium + CaCl2 modification + 10 % coconut water + 0.4 mg L-1 KIN. The same results were obtained by replacing the latter with 0.6 mg L-1 2-ip. Rooting was achieved in MS without PGR, and acclimatization was successful. The results indicate that plant production via germination and vegetative propagation is effective for commercial purposes.

scholarly journals Allelopathy of aqueous extracts of Paubrasilia echinata (Lam.) Gagnon and H.C. Lima and G.P Lewis in lettuce seed germination

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 8-18
Author(s):  
Kênia Almeida Diniz Albuquerque ◽  
Wellma Peclicya Silva da Paz ◽  
Maria Aliete Bezerra Lima Machado
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination

O pau-brasil é uma espécie nativa ameaçada de extinção com potencial para uso em programas de reflorestamento, porém, há pouca informação sobre seu efeito alelopático na germinação de sementes de outras espécies. Sendo assim, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar o efeito alelopático de extratos aquosos de Paubrasilia echinata  L. na germinação de sementes de alface, visando a sua utilização em programas de reflorestamento. Amostras de folhas frescas e secas foram trituradas em liquidificador, acrescentando-se, posteriormente, 400 mL de água destilada e, após 10 minutos, as soluções foram filtradas. A partir desses extratos brutos, foram feitas diluições em água destilada e obteve-se os seguintes tratamentos: 0%, 25%, 50% , 75% e 100% dos extratos de folhas frescas e secas. Foi feito o teste de germinação das sementes de alface embebidas nos extratos, seguindo as recomendações das Regras para Análise de Sementes (RAS) (BRASIL, 2009). Foi feita a contagem diária, avaliando-se o índice de velocidade de germinação (MAGUIRE, 1962), a velocidade de germinação (EDMOND; DRAPALLA, 1958 apud FERREIRA; BORGUETTI, 2004) e a porcentagem de germinação, sendo consideradas germinadas as sementes com 2 mm de comprimento de radícula. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas usando o programa GRAPHPAD PRISM. Concluiu-se que P. echinata exerce efeito alelopático na germinação de sementes de alface. O uso de P. echinata em programas de reflorestamento deve ser criterioso, com a adoção de medidas que minimizem a alelopatia em plantas circunvizinhas.

The effect of lettuce seed extracts on lettuce seed germination

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry L. Speer ◽  
Dorothy Tupper
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Lettuce Seeds ◽  
Grand Rapids ◽  
Lettuce Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Extracts

Lettuce seeds (Lactuca sativa var. Grand Rapids) were found to contain inhibitory substances, one of which is probably abscisic acid. Extracts from seeds were characterized by gas–liquid chromatography, and peaks coincident with abscisic acid were found.The germination water surrounding seeds made secondarily dormant was subjected to gas–liquid chromatography and was also found to contain peaks coincident with abscisic acid. It was also determined that the inhibitory substances are localized in the embryo but not in the endosperm or seed coat.

scholarly journals Phytotoxicity of exotic plants on the physiological potential of seeds of native species of caatinga

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Fraga Silva ◽  
Halina Stéffany Lopes Costa ◽  
Jesimiel Silva Viana ◽  
Ana Maria Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Diego Sousa Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Exotic Plants ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Allelopathic Effect ◽  
Native Forest ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Invasive Exotic

The introduction of species is one of the major causes of biodiversity loss. Invasive exotic plants adapt, propagate and dominate, damaging both natural processes and native species. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the allelopathic effect of three exotic species in the caatinga, on the physiological quality of native forest seeds. Aqueous extracts of leaves of Azadirachta indica, Prosopis juliflora and Cryptostegia madagascariensis were tested to evaluate their effect on the seed germination and seedling vigor of Piptadenia moniliformis, Mimosa tenuiflora and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia. Seed germination of M. tenuiflora was inhibited by the aqueous extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica in 100% and 42%, respectively, with a reduced GVI with the extracts of P. juliflora and C. madagascariensis. Regarding AEI, P. juliflora extract had positive effect on P. moniliformis seeds and negative on M. tenuiflora seeds, close to -1. A reduction in height of P. moniliformis was observed when the seedlings were in contact with the extracts of the invasive plants studied. For M. tenuiflora, the extract of P. juliflora prevented the formation of seedlings, and M. caesalpiniaefolia presented higher inhibitory effect with extracts of P. juliflora and A. indica. Therefore, M. tenuiflora showed to be sensitive to P. juliflora phytotoxicity.

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