scholarly journals Pandemia COVID-2019: formação e atuação da enfermagem para o Sistema Único de Saúde

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1.ESP) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Savi Geremia ◽  
Carine Vendruscolo ◽  
Ianka Cristina Celuppi ◽  
Jeane Barros de Souza ◽  
Karina Schopf ◽  
...  

Objetivo: compreender a atuação do enfermeiro no Sistema Único de Saúde frente ao Coronavirus Disease 2019 e sua relação com o processo de formação profissional. Método: trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, cuja produção das informações ocorreu por meio de entrevistas com enfermeiros representantes do ensino, da gestão e da atenção à saúde, protagonistas no enfrentamento da pandemia, em uma Macrorregião do estado de Santa Catarina. A técnica de análise utilizada foi o Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo. Resultados: emergiram duas Ideias Centrais: (Des)valorização e/ou reconhecimento da atuação da enfermagem no Sistema Único de Saúde frente à Coronavirus Disease 2019; Formação em enfermagem e a Coronavirus Disease 2019: relevância da integração ensino-serviço. Conclusão: revelou a percepção política dos enfermeiros frente a crise de saúde pública agravada pela pandemia e a disposição para fortalecer a defesa dos princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde. Os enfermeiros reconhecem a necessidade de valorização profissional, evidenciada pela crise. A integração ensino-serviço é reconhecida como essencial na formação em enfermagem no Sistema Único de Saúde.Descritores: Infecções por Coronavirus; Pandemias; Sistema Único de Saúde; Serviços de Integração Docente-Assistencial; Educação em Enfermagem. COVID-2019 PANDEMIC: NURSING TRAINING AND PERFORMANCE FOR THE UNIFIED HEALTH SYSTEMObjective: it aims to understand the role of nurses in the Unified Health System against Coronavirus Disease 2019 and their relationships with the professional training. Methodology: This is a qualitative study, in which information production occurred through interviews with representing education nurses, management and health care nursing professionals who are on the frontline of the pandemic in a macro-region of Santa Catarina state. The analysis technique used was the Discourse of the Collective Subject. Results: Two main ideas emerged from the groups: the mis-valuation and/or recognition of health professionals with Unified Health System due to Coronavirus Disease 2019; Nurse training programs and Coronavirus Disease 2019: the importance of teaching-service integration. Conclusions:Some nurses’ political perceptions were revealed about the public health crisis resulting from the pandemic, as well as their willingness to strengthen the defense of the Unified Health System principles. The nurses recognize the need for professional enhancement, which emerged with the crisis. The teaching-service integration is understood as essential for nursing training on Unified Health System.Descriptors: Coronavirus Infections; Pandemics; Unified Health System; Teaching Care Integration Services; Education, Nursing. PANDEMIA COVID-2019: FORMACÍON Y ACTUACIÓN DE ENFERMERÍA PARA EL SISTEMA ÚNICO DE SALUDObjetivo: comprender el papel de las enfermeras en el Sistema Único de Salud ante la enfermedad de Coronavirus 2019 y su relación con el proceso de formación profesional. Método: este es un estudio cualitativo, cuya producción de información ocurrió a través de entrevistas con enfermeras que representan educación, gestión y atención a salud, protagonistas en el frente la pandemia, en una macro-región del estado de Santa Catarina. Fue utilizado para el análisis o Discurso del sujeto colectivo. Resultados: surgieron dos ideas centrales: (des) valorización y/o reconocimiento del desempeño de enfermería en el Sistema Único de Salud ante la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019; Formación en enfermería y enfermedad por Coronavirus 2019: relevancia de la integración del servicio docente. Conclusión: reveló una percepción política de las enfermeras ante una das crisis de salud pública agravada por la pandemia y un permiso para evitar la defensa de los principios del Sistema Único de Salud. Las enfermeras reconocen la necesidad de valorización profesional, evidenciada por la crisis. La integración de la enseñanza y el servicio es esencial para la capacitación de enfermería en el Sistema Único de Salud.Descriptores: Infecciones por Coronavirus; Pandemias; Sistema Único de Salud; Servicios de Integración Docente Asistencial; Educación en Enfermería.

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2922-2929
Author(s):  
Fernanda Almeida Fettermann ◽  
Elisabeta Albertina Nietsche ◽  
Marlene Gomes Terra ◽  
Cléton Salbego ◽  
Odete Messa Torres ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the influences of the Vivências e Estágios na Realidade do Sistema Único de Saúde (Brazilian Unified Health System), in the training and performance of nurses. Method: A qualitative study was carried out with 14 nurses who participated in the VER-SUS project in Rio Grande do Sul State. The data were collected through a semi-structured interview technique. The data were analyzed, interpreted and discussed, through the technique of Content Analysis. Results: The categories “VER-SUS Influences on Nursing Training for SUS” and “VER-SUS Contributions for Nurses Performance in the SUS” were highlighted. Final considerations: It was possible to identify the influences of the VER-SUS project in the training and performance of the nursing professionals, pointing out the revision of the Pedagogical Projects of Course and the preparation of the teachers, as a way to carry out the training with emphasis in the Brazilian Unified Health System.


2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Maihack Gauer ◽  
Fátima Ferretti ◽  
Carla Rosane Paz Arruda Teo

Abstract Introduction: Professional training in health, at present, aims to develop competencies and skills for a performance according the principles of the Unified Health System (SUS, in Portuguese). In this sense, the Ministries of Health and Education have set up devices for training reorientation that prioritize teaching-service integration and diversification of learning scenarios. Objective: To describe barriers to the diversification of practical learning scenarios and for teaching-service integration in a physiotherapy course from the perspective of teachers and students. Methods: This is a qualitative research developed according to the case study method, with the participation of 16 students and 11 teachers-physiotherapists. During the data collection three focus groups were established, two with students and one with professors, besides individual interviews with both the course coordinator and the pedagogical articulator of the National Program for the Reorientation of Professional Health Training of the assessed course. Data were analyzed through thematic content analysis. Results: Among the identified barriers there are students’ low participation in public health services; saturation of public health services for students to carry out practical activities; low number of physiotherapists in Primary Care; indirect relationship of Clinical School with SUS. Conclusion: In order to improve the teaching-service interaction and to diversify the learning scenarios it is necessary to prioritize an integrated planning of actions to overcome identified barriers, including the participation of both the university managers and health services.


2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 51767-51782
Author(s):  
Giovana Costa Pellissari ◽  
Marina Duda Ronconi ◽  
Amanda Tami Kitaura ◽  
Cassio Fon Ben Sum ◽  
Elisa Henning ◽  
...  

Introduction: to describe the epidemiological profile of patients cared for by the pediatric cardiac surgery service at a referral center in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, during five years. Methods: retrospective, longitudinal cohort-type study of cardiovascular surgeries performed in children aged less than 18 years in a Unified Health System-affiliated hospital, from 3rd August 2013 to 2nd August 2018. Patients' demographic, clinical, and healthcare characteristics were assessed. The complexity and severity of the surgeries were assessed using the RACHS-1 method. Negative outcomes were deaths up to thirty days after surgery and complications (mediastinitis, renal failure, and systemic infection). Results: 1,191 procedures were performed, with a predominance of male (53.5%) infants (52.8%) from more near regions of the state (33.6%) and prevalence of RACHS-1 category 3 (36.5%). Most patients had undergone cardiopulmonary bypass (53.7%), mechanical ventilation (94.8%), and only one surgical procedure (56.3%). The most frequent pathology was ventricular septal defect. (15.7%). The median length of hospital stay was eighteen days, six days at intensive care units, and three days of preoperative waiting time. Lethality up to 30 days after surgery was 6%, and complications affected 22.4% of patients. The main factor associated with negative outcomes was represented by the RACHS-1 score with higher categories. Conclusion: This Unified Health System pediatric cardiac surgery service was relevant due to the magnitude of the procedures performed, and the healthcare complexity involved. The set of outcomes presented in this study indicated good healthcare quality in comparison to national standards.


2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jônia Cybele Santos Lima ◽  
Rafael Rodolfo Tomaz de Lima ◽  
Sávio Marcelino Gomes ◽  
Ana Patrícia de Freitas Lopes ◽  
Isaac Newton Machado Bezerra ◽  
...  

ABSTRACT Objective: to establish consensus from experts on the essential elements for training aimed at the Unified Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde), considering public health assumptions and the Brazilian National Curriculum Guidelines (DCN - Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais). Method: this is an evaluability assessment carried out with public health professors based on a logical model built with a focus on DCN and on large areas of public health. Criteria matrix validation was performed through Delphi consensus, carried out in three rounds between June and August 2017. The database was built in an Excel spreadsheet and analyzed after each round. At the end of the last round, the database presented its final composition for export to the Stata software, in which statistical analysis was performed. Results: at the end of three rounds, 18 experts validated the criteria matrix composed of 40 items. The most significant approaches were related to the subdimensions Health care, Popular education, Humanization, Popular participation, Social accountability, and Planning and management. Conclusion: the validated criteria matrix is characterized as an important instrument for knowledge construction based on a premise that, by taking over the essential skills for training at DCN, the training process may be problematized by all actors involved. The current Brazilian political scenario, crossed by austerity policies that challenge consolidating the main constitutional rights, should serve as encouragement for a professional training aligned with public interests, especially DCN, in health courses.


2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (suppl 2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janieiry Lima de Araújo ◽  
Kalyane Kelly Duarte de Oliveira ◽  
Rodrigo Jácob Moreira de Freitas

ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the political and structural conditions for establishing the Unified Health System (UHS – Sistema Único de Saúde, SUS) in coping with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Methods: Theoretical-reflection study. Results: At the first moment named “The global and the local in facing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic” is presented the health crisis that took place worldwide and the government actions to combat COVID-19. A second moment named “Between dismantling actions and resistance, the UHS is the best way to face the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic”, reflects on the neoliberal attacks on the health system and how it resists, remaining the main pandemic response strategy. Conclusion: The strengthening of democracy and the defense of the UHS are the way out of the crisis. It is believed that this reflection generates - in everyone who deals with caretaking - the political action, the ethical attitude, the desire for valorization and the spirit of struggle in defense of the UHS and human life.


2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Hellen Cristina Sthal ◽  
Cátia Regina Assis Almeida Leal

  Resumo: O objetivo deste artigo é debater e problematizar a formação profissional em saúde como um dos fatores determinantes no âmbito dos limites e possibilidades da Educação Popular em Saúde, materializada na Política Nacional de Educação Popular em Saúde no Sistema Único de Saúde (PNEP-SUS). O estudo apresenta abordagem qualitativa e tem a PNEP-SUS como ponto de partida para uma reflexão sobre aspectos da Educação Popular em Saúde e da formação profissional em saúde. São objetos de análise o texto da política na íntegra, a portaria que a institui e o plano operacional do período 2013-2015, além de textos sobre a formação profissional em saúde. Conclui-se que a implementação da Educação Popular em Saúde como política requer, necessariamente, a compreensão ampliada da saúde e de suas determinações sociais e a compreensão e promoção do diálogo, da construção coletiva, da valorização do saber popular e da emancipação. Exige, portanto, a reorientação da formação profissional em saúde, tendo como base a ruptura do paradigma de formação curativista e biologicista, pautada na disciplinaridade e na negação do senso comum.Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde. Educação Popular em Saúde. Formação profissional em saúde.POPULAR EDUCATION AS HEALTH POLICY: interface with training professional in health Abstract: The purpose of this article is to debate and discuss professional training in health as one of the determining factors within the limits and possibilities of Popular Education in Health, embodied in the National Popular Education Policy in Health in the National Health System One (PNEP-SUS). The study presents qualitative approach and has PNEP-SUS as a starting point for a reflection on aspects of Popular Health Education and of training professional in health. Are objects of analysis of political text in full, the ordinance that establishing and operating plan for the period 2013-2015, as well as texts on vocational training in health. It is concluded that the implementing of Popular Education in Health as policy necessarily requires a broader understanding of health and its social determinants and understanding and promote dialogue, collective construction, the appreciation of popular knowledge and emancipation. Therefore requires the reorientation of vocational training in health, based on the breakdown of curative education paradigm and biologicist, based on disciplinarity and denial of common sense.Keywords: Health System One. Popular Education in Health. Vocational training in health.EDUCACIÓN POPULAR COMO POLÍTICA DE SALUD: interfaces con la formación profesional en salud Resumen: El propósito de este artículo es debatir y discutir la formación profesional en salud como uno de los factores determinantes en el marco de los límites y posibilidades de la Educación Popular en Salud, materializada en la Política Nacional de Educación Popular en Salud en el Sistema Único de Salud (PNEP-SUS). El estudio presenta un enfoque cualitativo y tiene la PNEP-SUS como punto de partida para una reflexión sobre aspectos de la Educación Popular en Salud y de la formación profesional en salud. Son objetos de análisis el texto de la política en su totalidad, la ordenanza que la instituye y el plan operativo para el periodo 2013-2015, además de textos sobre la formación profesional en salud. Se concluye que la implementación de la Educación Popular en Salud como política requiere, necesariamente, la comprensión ampliada de la salud y sus determinaciones sociales y la comprensión y promoción del diálogo, de la construcción colectiva, de la valoración del conocimiento popular y de la emancipación. Exige, por lo tanto, la reorientación de la formación profesional en salud, basado en la ruptura con el paradigma de formación meramente curativa y biológica, y marcado en la disciplinariedad y en la negación del sentido común.Palabras-clave: Sistema Único de Salud. Educación Popular en Salud. Formación profesional en salud.


Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 754
Author(s):  
Daniel Motta ◽  
Luiz Fernando Taboada Gomes Amaral ◽  
Bruno Caetano dos Santos Silva ◽  
Lucas de Freitas Gomes ◽  
Willams Teles Barbosa ◽  
...  

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Brazil has grown rapidly since the first case was reported on 26 February 2020. As the pandemic has spread, the low availability of medical equipment has increased, especially mechanical ventilators. The Brazilian Unified Health System (SUS) claimed to have only 40,508 mechanical ventilators, which would be insufficient to support the Brazilian population at the pandemic peak. This lack of ventilators, especially in public hospitals, required quick, assertive, and effective actions to minimize the health crisis. This work provides an overview of the rapid deployment of a network for maintaining disused mechanical ventilators in public and private healthcare units in some regions of Brazil during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Data referring to the processes of maintaining equipment, acquiring parts, and conducting national and international training were collected and analyzed. In total, 4047 ventilators were received by the maintenance sites, and 2516 ventilators were successfully repaired and returned to the healthcare units, which represents a success rate of 62.17%. The results show that the maintenance initiative directly impacted the availability and reliability of the equipment, allowing access to ventilators in the public and private health system and increasing the capacity of beds during the pandemic.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1365
Author(s):  
Diego Da Silva Dantas ◽  
Rosemar Barbosa Mendes ◽  
José Marcos De Jesus Santos ◽  
Thiago Dos Santos Valença ◽  
Claudiane Mahl ◽  
...  

RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar a qualidade da assistência pré-natal a partir do Programa de Humanização no Pré-Natal e Nascimento. Método: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, com 260 puérperas que realizaram o acompanhamento pré-natal no Sistema Único de Saúde em Lagarto, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. As informações foram obtidas por meio de entrevistas e visualização do cartão de pré-natal. A análise estatística foi realizada no software SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Pouco mais da metade das puérperas haviam iniciado seu acompanhamento pré-natal antes da 16ª semana gestacional e também realizaram seis ou mais consultas (66,9%; n = 174, cada variável). Somente 41,5% (n = 108) das participantes receberam informações sobre a maternidade de referência para o parto e 42,7% (n = 111) sobre as atividades para facilitar o parto. Quanto aos exames, foi identificada elevada cobertura no primeiro trimestre, com discreta redução no terceiro. Conclusão: A assistência pré-natal oferecida às usuárias do SUS de Lagarto se mostrou inadequada às recomendações do Programa de Humanização no Pré-Natal e Nascimento, pois foi evidenciado o início tardio, número insuficiente de consultas, poucas orientações e cobertura insatisfatória dos exames preconizados pelo Ministério da Saúde. Descritores: Saúde Materna; Gravidez; Gestantes; Cuidado Pré-Natal; Saúde Materno-Infantil; Humanização da Assistência.ABSTRACTObjective: To evaluate the quality of prenatal care based on the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program. Method: Quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 260 puerperal women who underwent prenatal care in the Unified Health System of Lagarto, State of Sergipe, Brazil. The data were obtained through interviews and prenatal records. The statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 20.0 software. Results: A little more than half of the puerperal women had initiated prenatal care before the 16th gestational week and had also attended six or more consultations (66.9%, n = 174, each variable). Only 41.5% (n = 108) of the participants received information about reference maternities for childbirth, and 42.7% (n = 111) about activities to facilitate childbirth. Regarding the exams, there was high coverage in the first trimester, with a slight reduction in the third. Conclusion: Prenatal care provided to users of the Unified Health System of Lagarto was inadequate with respect to the recommendations of the Prenatal and Birth Humanization Program, since there was evidence of late initiation of prenatal care, insufficient number of consultations, few guidelines, and unsatisfactory performance of the exams recommended by the Ministry of Health. Descriptors: Maternal Health; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women; Prenatal Care; Maternal and Child Health; Humanization of Assistance.RESUMENObjetivo: Evaluar la calidad de la asistencia prenatal a partir del Programa de Humanización en Prenatal y Nacimiento. Método: Estudio cuantitativo y transversal conducido con 260 puérperas que realizaron cuidado prenatal en el Sistema Único de Salud en Lagarto, Estado de Sergipe, Brasil. La información fue obtenida por medio de entrevistas y expedientes de prenatal. El análisis estadístico se realizó en el software SPSS 20.0. Resultados: Poco más de la mitad de las puérperas habían iniciado cuidado prenatal antes de la 16ª semana gestacional y también realizaron seis o más consultas (66,9%, n = 174, cada variable). Sólo el 41,5% (n = 108) de las participantes recibieron información sobre la maternidad de referencia para el parto y el 42,7% (n = 111) sobre las actividades para facilitar el parto. En cuanto a los exámenes, se observó una elevada cobertura en el primer trimestre, con discreta reducción en el tercero. Conclusión: La asistencia prenatal ofrecida a las usuarias del Sistema Único de Salud de Lagarto fue inadecuada con respecto a las recomendaciones del Programa de Humanización en Prenatal y Nacimiento, pues se evidenció inicio tardío, número insuficiente de consultas, pocas orientaciones y cobertura insatisfactoria de los exámenes preconizados por el Ministerio de Salud. Descriptores: Salud Materna; Embarazo; Mujeres Embarazadas; Cuidado Prenatal; Salud Materno-Infantil; Humanización de la Asistencia.


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Adriano José Barbosa Junior ◽  
Paula Graziela Pedrão Soares Perales ◽  
Marli Terezinha Oliveira Vannuchi ◽  
Mara Solange Gomes Dellaroza ◽  
Ieda Harumi Higarashi

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever como ocorre o desenvolvimento do tema transversal Sistema Único de Saúde em um currículo de Enfermagem. Método: estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório. Ocorreu por meio da análise de 17 documentos contendo planos de ensino-aprendizagem de um currículo de Enfermagem, no ano de 2015. Realizado no curso de graduação em Enfermagem de uma universidade pública do Sul do Brasil por adotar os temas transversais em seu projeto pedagógico, sendo um deles o Sistema Único de Saúde. Para a discussão dos dados, utilizou-se, como referencial teórico, o pensamento pedagógico de Paulo Freire. Resultados: a expressão Sistema Único de Saúde apareceu como tema transversal em três documentos, de forma explícita em seis, implicitamente em 16 e ausente em um deles. Conclusão: o Sistema Único de Saúde permeia a maior parte do curso em atividades teórico-práticas. Sua efetivação dependerá da intencionalidade docente em apontá-lo como tema estruturador e transversal do currículo de Enfermagem. Descritores: Educação em Enfermagem; Educação Superior; Sistema Único de Saúde; Currículo; Docentes; Ensino.ABSTRACT Objective: to describe how the development of the cross-sectional theme of the Unified Health System in a Nursing curriculum occurs. Method: qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study. It occurred through the analysis of 17 documents containing teaching-learning plans of a Nursing curriculum in the year 2015. Held in the Nursing undergraduate course of a public university in the South of Brazil for adopting cross-cutting themes in its pedagogical project, one of them being the Unified Health System. For the discussion of data, Paulo Freire's pedagogical thinking was used as a theoretical reference. Results: the expression Unified Health System appeared as a transversal theme in three documents, explicitly in six, implicitly in 16 and absent in one. Conclusion: The Unified Health System permeates most of the course in theoretical-practical activities. Its effectiveness will depend on the intentionality of the teacher in pointing it as a cross-cutting theme of the Nursing curriculum. Descriptors: Education, Nursing; Education, Higher; Unified Health System; Curriculum; Faculty; Teaching.RESUMENObjetivo: describir cómo ocurre el desarrollo del tema transversal Sistema Único de Salud en un currículo de Enfermería. Método: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo y exploratorio. Se realizó por medio del análisis de 17 documentos, conteniendo planes de enseñanza-aprendizaje de un currículo de Enfermería, en el año de 2015. Realizado en el curso de graduación en Enfermería de una universidad pública del Sur de Brasil, por adoptar los temas transversales en su proyecto pedagógico, siendo uno de ellos el Sistema Único de Salud. Para la discusión de los datos, se utilizó, como referencial teórico, el pensamiento pedagógico de Paulo Freire. Resultados: la expresión Sistema Único de Salud apareció como tema transversal en tres documentos, de forma explícita en seis, implícitamente en 16 y estando ausente en uno de ellos. Conclusión: el Sistema Único de Salud permea la mayor parte del curso, en actividades teórico-prácticas. Su efectividad dependerá de la intencionalidad docente en apuntarlo como tema estructurador y transversal del currículo de Enfermería. Descriptores: Educación en Enfermería; Educación Superior; Sistema Único de Salud; Curriculum; Docentes; Enseñanza.


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