scholarly journals Background of the Establishment and Loss of Independence of the Far Eastern Republic

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
A. I. Baksheev
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Far East ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Soviet Russia ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Russian Far East

This year marks exactly 100 years since the creation of a kind of state formation on part of the territory of our country – the FER. The article analyzes one of the little-studied pages of the history of the Russian Far East – the prerequisites for the creation, the struggle for independence and the loss of independence of the Far Eastern republic that existed in the period 1920-1922. The article uses the methods of the principle of objective historicism; synchronous method, the method of historical modeling, the features of the Civil War in the Far East, the foreign policy grounds for the creation of the FER, the reasons for the creation of the FER, the struggle of the armed forces of the FER with the White Guards and interventionists, the relationship between Soviet Russia and the FER, the reasons for the loss of independence of the FER are analyzed. In conclusion, the author comes to the conclusion that the Far Eastern republic was a buffer, which, having protected Soviet Russia from Japanese aggression, was doomed to disappear from the political map of the world.

The Russian Far East: from a depressed region to the territory of the future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Nikolaychuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Future ◽  
Bilateral Cooperation ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The monograph presents the search for solutions to the problems of the Far Eastern region. The proximity of China and the remoteness from the center of Russia make us look for effective measures to overcome the problems of settling the Far East in the context of sustainable economic development of modern Russia. The paper analyzes the problems of the Far East: in industry, agriculture, forestry, energy problems, environmental problems, and provides recommendations for their solution. Considerable attention is paid to migration problems. The experience of China is studied through the prism of bilateral cooperation with Russia. It is intended for students, masters, postgraduates, researchers dealing with issues of macroeconomic regulation and forecasting.

PROBLEMS OF REALIZING THE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
Marina N. Khramova ◽  
◽  
Dmitry P. Zorin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Human Capital Development ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Capital Development ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

In the current geopolitical conditions and fierce competition in world markets from such dy-namically developing countries of the Asia-Pacific region as China, Vietnam, Thailand, Singapore and a number of others, the preservation and increase of human capital in the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District is of a strategic nature. To ensure the national security and integrity of the country, to strengthen Russia's position in the Asia-Pacific area, the role of the Far East regions comes to the fore. However, the pronounced processes of depopulation of the population of the Far East regions and the stable migration outflow of the working-age population to other regions of Russia and abroad call into question the implementation of many tasks for the sustainable socio-economic development of this macro-region. The regions of the Far Eastern Federal District are already experiencing a shortage of qualified personnel in several industries. This deficit, in the absence of a governmental long-term strategy in the field of human capital formation, will not allow Russia to compete with the fast-growing economies of Asia-Pacific countries in the future. In this article, we analyze the opportunities and potential risks of human capital development through the prism of demographic processes occurring in the regions of the Russian Far East. Based on modern data on fertility, mortality, age-sex structure of the population, trends in interregional and international migration we conclude that for the growth of human capital and sustainable economic growth, the necessary conditions are: the development of transport and social infrastructure of the macro-region, the development of programs of labor mobility of the popu-lation, attracting young people through the educational migration channel, attracting international migrants from the CIS countries as well as from Asia-Pacific countries with a level of education and qualifications corresponding to the economic specialization of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District.

Geographical variability of Lepyronia coleoptrata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Hemiptera: Cercopoidea) across Russia

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4543 (3) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
DMITRI YU. TISHECHKIN
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Geographical Variability ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Male Calling ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

Comparative analysis of body size, coloration, penis shape, and male calling signals of Lepyronia coleoptrata from different localities in European Russia, Northern Kazakhstan, Siberia, and the Russian Far East showed that all populations studied belong to the same species. A clear boundary between European and the Far-Eastern subspecies can only be drawn based on body size and proportions. Light coloration is typical of European populations; on the contrary, in the Far East only dark specimens occur, but in Siberia a mixture of different forms presents. Penis shape and male calling signal pattern do not demonstrate geographical variability. The range of intraspecific variability of these traits is far less than interspecific differences between L. coleoptrata, L. koreana, and L. okadae. 

scholarly journals On the problems of the rural population in the period of late socialism (on the example of the Far East of the RSFSR)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Grinko
Keyword(s):  
Rural Population ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Life Activity ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Late Socialism ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The article examines the life activity of the rural population of the Russian Far East in the 1970s – the first half of the 1980s through a set of existing problems and contradictions. Special attention is paid to a number of socio-economic phenomena that caused a negative reaction of rural residents, primarily agricultural workers. The attitude that the villagers felt towards their position in the region and in the structure of the Far Eastern society should not be considered purely negative. It also had positive manifestations. Nevertheless, within the framework of this article, the author focuses on the negative aspects of life, which were permanent and intensified under the influence of both subjective and objective factors. Topicality of this issue is given by the fact that many processes that affected the villagers of the late socialism era also take place in modern Russian reality. The author notes the complexity and ambiguity of the existing problems, the insufficient efforts of the authorities to overcome them, and the formation by the mid-1980s of a clear trend of the outflow of young, able-bodied and qualified population to more favourable areas, primarily cities.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST AS A LOCOMOTIVE FOR THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF THE COUNTRY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Андрей Коржук ◽  
Andrey Korzhuk
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Asia Pacific Region ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

<p><span>The article is devoted to the issues of economic development of the Far Eastern territories of Russia. The Russian Far East occupies a rather advantageous economic and geographical position in Russia and the Asia-Pacific region since it borders with China, Japan and the United States. The purpose of the research is to determine the main directions for improving the economic development of the Far Eastern coastal territories, to compare the development of the coastal territories of the Far East, namely, the territory of Primorsky Krai with other countries, to provide a comparative analysis and draw certain conclusions. The area of the region makes up 36 % of the whole Russian territory while its population is only 4 % of the country’s population, which is due to severe weather conditions and weak economic development. The gross regional product to the Far East accounts for 5.7 % of the GRP of Russia. The paper features foreign experience in the development of coastal territories in the USA, China, Japan and Canada. It can be concluded that Russia significantly lags behind these countries in terms of GDP, exports, involvement in trade with the Asia-Pacific Region, and the sale of manufacturing </span><span>products. A comparative analysis showed that the industrial structure of Russian coastal areas is </span><span>similar only with those of Canada in raw material orientation of shipped goods, population of the port cities, whereas the indicators of the volume of Far Eastern cargo transportation in Russia lag behind all the countries examined. Apparently the main areas of development of the Far Eastern territories are: structural changes in the economy; attracting foreign investment in the creation of both mining, logging, and processing industries; development of transport infrastructure.</span></p>

ENGLISH LANGUAGE HISTORIOGRAPHY ON POLITICAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST IN THE 1990S – EARLY 2000S

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3/1) ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. CHERNOLUTSKAIA
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional Leaders ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The modern political history of the Russian Far East is poorly covered  in English language historiography. Of the last 30 years,  Western experts subjected to a certain analysis the period of the  1990searly 2000s, when the Russian society underwent rapid  transformations. Their scientific comprehension practically went in  real time, that imposed restrictions on the formulation of problems,  the depth of their analysis, the sources used. The issue of the power  transformation in the Far East is considered mainly within the  framework of the concept of center-peripheral relations. The works  of R. Valliant, F. Chang, S. Davis, and others reveals Moscow's policy  to control the region and tactics of regional leaders  trying to reduce this control. The authors describe such relations in  close connection with the development of federalism in the RF and its “asymmetry”. The publications reflect the evolution of the  regional political elite, the change of types of governors – from  “humanitarians” to “industrialists” and representatives of political  parties, describe the political portraits of the Far Eastern governors,  much attention is paid to the criminalization of power (R. Orttung,  etc.). A special type of regional power is highlighted by experts in  connection with the victory of three “resource oligarchs” in the 2000  gubernatorial elections, including R. Abramovich in Chukotka, that is  estimated in the publications as an “administrative revolution”, the  transition to corporate governance, in which all branches of power in  the region are concentrated in the hands of representatives of a  large resource corporation (N. Thompson, D. Anderson).

scholarly journals Actual issues in the history of the Russian Far East during the period of radical liberal reforms.

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
Angelina S. Vashchuk ◽  
◽  
Nikolay S. Vorontsov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual History ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
New Institutions ◽  
Far Eastern

Introduction. The article is an analytical review of the publications of the staff of the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 2010–2020. The historiographical analysis of the works of the Institute of Archeology and Ethnography has its own scientific value. This is the way to determine the place and role of the scientific team in the formation of a new direction in Russian historiography - post-Soviet regional history. Of all the variety of problems, the authors focused their attention on an analytical review of two thematic complexes of modern regional history. The first is devoted to a review of works united by the idea of​​“driving social forces of Far Eastern politics” or touching on the topic of its “common good”. The authors identify the second problem through studies that reveal the concept of a "transformational crisis" in the Far East region. Methodology. The article is based on a synthesis of two approaches: historiographical approach and elements of the methodology of intellectual history. In particular, the authors relied on the principle of intellectual history, taking into account the interaction between the movement of ideas and their historical environment. The historiographical review is carried out in comparison with the works of scientists from other scientific institutions and centers over the past 10 years. The initial postulate of analysis is taken into account: the grouping of literature can have different configurations, taking into account the relevance of the stated problem and the historical distance separating the authors from the object and subject of research. Research results. In recent years, a new scientific direction has been formed at the IHAE FEB RAS – the Far East in the era of radical reforms. The specificity of the publications is the analysis of changes in the Far Eastern policy based on the criterion of social results within the framework of the concept of “common good”, which allowed scientists to show the problems of Russia's turn to the East. The analysis of research has shown the heuristic possibilities of the concept of a transformational crisis. The solidarity opinion of the scientific community was established: the creation of new institutions for the development of the Far Eastern territory brought the bureaucracy to the fore. The reformers' stake on the rapid formation of entrepreneurship in the region and its participation in the development of the Far East in the 1990s did not materialize, since rentier campaigns prevailed here.

scholarly journals Species diversity of natural rhizobia populations of the Russian Far East

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Yakimenko ◽  
S. A. Begun ◽  
A. I. Sorokina
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Soybean Nodule ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
The Russian Far East

The specificity of the soils of the Far East is the presence of aboriginal soybean nodule bacteria in them. A detailed study of the morphological and cultural, physiological and economically useful properties of these microorganisms made it possible to identify the most valuable strains of B. japonicum, S. fredii, B. elkanii from the Far Eastern natural populations for their preservation in the collection.

scholarly journals The Stages and Features of the Russian Far East Electrification (Late 19th – Mid 20th c.)

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksey Maklyukov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Far East ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Technical Basis ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Russian Far East

Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is conditioned by the need to comprehend the historical experience, the place and role of the Far East in the process of Russian modernization. Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the concept of modernization. Modernization is understood as a process in which traditional societies are transformed into industrial, modern ones. Analysis. Studying the history of the Russian Far East electrification makes it possible to distinguish three stages of the region electrification during the period under study: the first stage is the late 19th c. – the late 1920s; the second stage is the late 1920s– 1930s; the third stage is the late 1930s–1940s. Results. The periodization of the history of the Far East electrification proposed in the study in the late 19th – mid 20th centuries is based on the stages of the country’s economic development and the specifics of the Russian Far East technical modernization. The paper reveals that the Russian Far East electrification was heavily influenced by economic-geographical and historical factors. The article establishes that electrification plays an important role in creating a technical basis for forming a regional economy of the industrial type with predominance of extractive industries and the military-defense industry.

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