Characterization of 10 Biogenic Amines in Male Silkworm Moth by HPLC with Precolumn Derivatization

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 608-614
Author(s):  
Mingqin Fan ◽  
Yun Ai ◽  
Wenjie Zhao ◽  
Yanni Sun ◽  
Jianli Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biogenic Amines ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Toxic Potential ◽  
First Time

Background: Biogenic Amines (BAs) are biologically active nitrogenous organic compounds of low molecular weight, which are frequently found in a wide variety of foods, beverages and herbs due to their toxic potential in humans. Male Silkworm Moth (MSM), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), has been exploited and utilized as nutritious liquor based on its traditional effects in the Chinese community. Objective: The objective of this study was to develop an HPLC with Dns-Cl derivatization method for characterizing overall BAs in MSM and providing data for further evaluating its activities and safety profiles. Methods: The method has acceptable sensitivity, precision, accuracy, selectivity and recovery, and was successfully applied to the determination of the BAs contents in MSM for the first time. Results: In the analysis of 10 batches of MSM samples, serotonin and dopamine were not found in detectable concentrations in any samples, and the most abundant amine found was putrescine. The mean values of tryptamine, phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, histamine, tyramine, spermidine, and spermine determined in the samples were found to be 34.7 mg/ kg, 16.1 mg/ kg, 218.3 mg/ kg, 37.9 mg/ kg, 12.1 mg/ kg, 18.2 mg/ kg, 4.5mg/ kg, and 0.9 mg/ kg, respectively. Conclusion: The contents of BAs in 10 batches of MSM were below the maximum recommended limits, and MSM can be used safely.

scholarly journals A METHODOLOGICAL APPROACH TO THE CHARACTERIZATION OF BRAIN GLIOMAS, BY MEANS OF SEMI-AUTOMATIC MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Dawid Surowka ◽  
Dariusz Adamek ◽  
Edyta Radwanska ◽  
Marek Lankosz ◽  
Magdalena Szczerbowska-Boruchowska
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Analytical Tools ◽  
Brain Gliomas

The aims of this paper were to present a reliable morphometric procedure for glioma analysis for preliminary prognosis and to develop a semi-automatic procedure that is easy to use. The data presented are important to the extent that they verify the reliability of the results by showing that they are consistent with the findings from more complicated automatic analytical tools. The objects for analysis were digital images of haematoxylin-eosin stained glioma samples. The overall analysis consisted of digital image analysis and the determination of morphometric parameters. Interestingly, an increase in the mean values of aspect ratio with increasing malignancy grade was found. Moreover, the morphometric parameters in relation to the histological origin of gliomas were examined and it was found that, the cellular nuclei of glioblastoma multiforme reveal the biggest mean values of aspect ratio compared with other gliomas.

SENSITIVE AND SPECIFIC ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY FOR UROKINASE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR IN HUMAN PLASMA

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Grøndahl-HANSEN ◽  
N Agerlin ◽  
L S Nielsen ◽  
K Danø
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Urokinase Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
The Mean

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for the measurement of human urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) in plasma and serum. Microtiter plates were coated with a monoclonal antibody and incubated with standard or sample. Bound u-PA was quantitated with polyclonal antibodies conjugated with biotin, followed by avidin-peroxidase. The assay was 10-fold as sensitive as other previously reported ELISAs, the detection limit being approximately 1 pg of u-PA in a volume of 100 μl with a linear dose-response up to 15 pg of u-PA. The assay detected active u-PA and its inactive proenzyme form equally well and the recovery of both forms was higher than 90% in plasma. A variety of structurally related proteins, including t-PA, were tested, but no reaction with proteins other than u-PA and its amino-terminal degradation product were observed. The intra-assay and inter-assay coefficients of variation for determination of u-PA in plasma were 7.6% and 8.4%, respectively. The assay was equally applicable to serum. The values obtained with plasma and serum were similar, and the results were not affected by small variations in the preparation of the samples. The ELISA was used to measure the concentration of u-PA in plasma from 34 healthy donors. The mean values for u-PA in plasma from healthy donors was 1.1 ng/ml ± 0.3 ng/ml (SD) (range 0.6 - 1.5 ng/ml). No significant differences were found between men and women and no correlation between u-PA concentration and age could be demonstrated.The mean u-PA concentration in plasma from healthy donors obtained in this study is substantially lower than that reported by others. This might be due to different methods of determination of the protein content of the standard preparations or to differences in the specificity of the assays.

scholarly journals pH of exudate test in the physiological quality of crambe seeds

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1014-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charline Zaratin Alves ◽  
Lennis Afraire Rodrigues ◽  
Carlos Henrique Queiroz Rego ◽  
Josué Bispo da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mean ◽  
C 30

ABSTRACT: Crambe is a rapeseed with high oil content and can be used as a winter cover or as a source of raw material for the production of biodiesel, however espite the growing interest in the culture, research on the subject is still incipient, especially concerning the seed production and analysis technology. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the physiological quality of crambe seeds, 'FMS Brilhante' cultivar, by testing the pH of exudate. Five seed lots were submitted to the determination of water content and the tests of germination and vigor (first count, emergence and tetrazolium). In the conduction of pH exudate test, temperatures (25 and 30oC), and periods of seed imbibition in water (15, 30 and 45 minutes) were tested. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized manner, with four replicates, and the mean values were compared by the Tukey test at 5% probability; Pearson correlation between the pH of the exudate and initial tests was also made. Testing the pH of exudate is promising for separating lots of crambe seeds and the following combinations of 25°C/30 minutes or 30°C/45 minutes can be used.

Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Microbial Contaminants in Raw Cow Milk of Tangail District in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Mahmud ◽  
Md. Firoz Ali ◽  
Md. Omar Faruque ◽  
Muhammad Wasim ◽  
Fatematuz Zuhura Evamoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Consumption ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Quality Of Milk

Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the microbial quality and associated health Methodology: An intensive study was carried out from January¬ to October 2019 at the Tangail district of Bangladesh to assess bacterial contamination of raw milk. A total of 60 samples were examined by following the standard bacteriological methods and the health impact was evaluated with the help of a semi-structured-based questionnaire. Molecular characterization of isolated bacteria was carried out by PCR. Results: Results revealed the mean values of TVC and TCC in raw milk, udder, oil, and utensil samples were 7.6×106, 8.8×106, 4.6×106, and 1.3×106 cfu/ml and 3.7×105, 1.4×106, 4.4×105, and 8.9×104 cfu/ml, respectively. The yeast and mold in raw milk, udder, and oil were 1.5×103, 1.8×103, and 1.3×102cfu/ml, respectively, and the mean values of E. coli in the above-mentioned samples were 1.9×103, 1.8×104, 2.1×103, and 1.6×103cfu/ml, respectively. On the other hand, the mean values of Salmonella spp. in raw milk, udder, oil, and utensil samples were 2.4×102, 7.9×102, 1.5×102, and 1.1×102cfu/ml, respectively. Some selected isolates confirmed by molecular identification were tested for their sensitivity against some common antibiotics used in Bangladesh. Escherichia coli showed 70% resistance to Amoxicillin and 90% sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin whereas Salmonella spp. And Staphylococcus aureus showed 90% resistance to Ampicillin and both were 80% and 90% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin, respectively. Conclusion, Significance, and Impact of Study: Milk producers should be appropriately trained to monitor the overall hygienic conditions surrounding the production and handling of milk until it reaches the consumer. Frequent monitoring of the milk production facility, occasional testing of raw milk, and minimal use of antibiotics will ensure the quality of milk. Consumption of quality milk and avoidance of raw milk consumption will reduce the health risk of the consumers.

The Determination of the Probabilistic Properties of Velocities and Accelerations in Kinematic Chains With Uncertainty

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. J. Lee ◽  
B. J. Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Effective Length ◽  
Radial Clearance ◽  
Probabilistic Design ◽  
Link Length ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Kinematic Chains ◽  
Analysis Package ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Linkage Model

Abstract A probabilistic model and methods to determine the means and variances of the velocity and acceleration of stochastically-defined planar pin jointed kinematic chains are presented. The presented model considers the effect of tolerances on link length and radial clearance and uncertainty of pin location as a net effect on the link’s effective length. The determination of the mean values and variances of the output variables requires the calculation of sensitivities of secondary variables with respect to the random variables. It is shown that this computation is straightforward and can be accomplished by a conventional kinematic analysis package. Thus, the concepts of tolerance and clearance have been captured by the model and analysis. The only input data is the nominal linkage model and statistical information. The “effective link length” model is shown to be applicable to both analytical solution and Monte Carlo simulation. The results from both methods are compared. This paper solves the higher-order kinematics problem for the probabilistic design analysis of stochastically defined mechanisms.

Characterization of microneedles and microchannels for enhanced transdermal drug delivery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashana Puri ◽  
Hiep X Nguyen ◽  
Akeemat O Tijani ◽  
Ajay K Banga
Keyword(s):  
Transdermal Delivery ◽  
Transdermal Drug Delivery ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Kinetic Properties ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Tools And Techniques

Microneedle (MN)-based technologies are currently one of the most innovative approaches that are being extensively investigated for transdermal delivery of low molecular weight drugs, biotherapeutic agents and vaccines. Extensive research reports, describing the fabrication and applications of different types of MNs, can be readily found in the literature. Effective characterization tools to evaluate the quality and performance of the MNs as well as for determination of the dimensional and kinetic properties of the microchannels created in the skin, are an essential and critical part of MN-based research. This review paper provides a comprehensive account of all such tools and techniques.

Colorimetric Method for Rapid Determination of Serum Arginase

1967 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 900-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitta Mellerup
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Determination ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Clinical Routine ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Enzymatic Formation ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Men

Abstract A method for the determination of serum arginase is given which combines the enzymatic formation of urea with the sensitive method of Coulombe (1) for measuring this substance. This procedure allows more accurate determinations in the normal range than do previous methods described and is convenient for clinical routine. Significant difference is found between the mean values of normal men and women, 3.9 units/L. for the former and 2.9 units/L. for the latter.

scholarly journals Determination of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen values with the radioimmunoassay method in healthy females dogs

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 277-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Ledecky ◽  
A. Valencakova-Agyagosova ◽  
J. Lepej ◽  
Z. Frischova ◽  
S. Hornak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carcinoembryonic Antigen ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Cancer Antigen ◽  
Cancer Markers ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Radioimmunoassay Method ◽  
Healthy Females

The aim of this study was to determine reference values of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen in 32 clinically healthy bitches. The average age of the bitches in each group was as follows: small breeds 3.50 &plusmn; 2.30, medium breeds 3.83 &plusmn; 3.21, large breeds 6.00 &plusmn; 3.22 and giant breeds 2.40 &plusmn; 2.43. The average weight in each group was as follows: 1<sup>st</sup> group 7.94 kg &plusmn; 1.84, 2<sup>nd</sup> group 22.38 kg &plusmn; 2.77, 3<sup>rd</sup> group 35.94 kg &plusmn; 7.16, and 4<sup>th</sup>&nbsp;group 52.75 kg &plusmn; 5.04. The cancer markers were determined using human kits. The mean values of the carcinoembryotic antigen markers &plusmn; SD were as follows: 1<sup>st</sup> group 0.18 &plusmn; 0.03, 2<sup>nd</sup> group 0.20 &plusmn; 0.03, 3<sup>rd</sup> group 0.22 &plusmn; 0.01, 4<sup>th</sup> group 0.18 &plusmn; 0.04. The statistical significance for the carcinoembryonic antigen markers was P = 0.0042**. The values of cancer antigen markers &plusmn; SD were: 4.90 &plusmn; 1.04, 4.80 &plusmn; 1.13, 5.90 &plusmn; 1.22, and 4.72 &plusmn; 0.97, respectively. The cancer antigen values were statistically insignificant (P = 0.1762). Based on obtained values of the mean 95%, we expect a standard for carcinoembryonic antigen of 0.00&ndash;0.23 ng/ml and for cancer antigen 0.0&ndash;7.00 IU/ml. The results of the present study show that it is possible to use human kits for the determination of carcinoembryonic antigen and cancer antigen in clinically healthy bitches using the radioimmunoassay method. &nbsp;

Comparison of Liquid Chromatographic Method to AOAC Microbiological Method for Determination of L-Tryptophan in Tablets and Capsules

1993 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry S Kim ◽  
Gerald Angyal
Keyword(s):  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Precolumn Derivatization ◽  
Microbiological Method ◽  
Test Portion ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic Method ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Phase Liquid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

Abstract A reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (LC) method coupled with precolumn derivatization of L-tryptophan with phenylisothiocyanate was compared to the AOAC microbiological method for determining L-tryptophan in tablets and capsules. For the microbiological method, the concentrations of L-tryptophan were 4-8% lower in autoclaved test samples (hot method) than in test samples that were not autoclaved (cold method). When L-tryptophan values obtained by the LC method were compared to those obtained by the cold microbiological method, no significant differences were observed (P &gt; 0.05). The mean relative standard deviations were 2.9% for the LC method and 1.6% for the cold microbiological method. The mean recoveries of standard L-tryptophan added before analysis were 99% for the LC method and 101 % for the cold microbiological method. These results demonstrate that both methods are reliable for determining free L-tryptophan contained in tablets and capsules. However, the LC method has the advantages of using a smaller test portion and having a shorter analysis time.

scholarly journals Ampelographic and molecular diversity among grapevine (Vitis spp.) cultivars

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 160-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sabir ◽  
S. Tangolar ◽  
S. Buyukalaca ◽  
S. Kafkas
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Issr Analysis ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Vitis Spp

This study presents the ampelographic and molecular characterization of 44 grapevine cultivars. Ampelographic data were obtained during two vegetation periods using the latest version of the descriptors. Based on the mean values transformed by the method indicated in IBPGR publications, a dendrogram was constructed. ISSR analysis was also employed to characterize the genotypes at the DNA level. Twenty primers, selected on the basis of their discriminating potential, generated a total of 157 bands, of which 140 were polymorphic. The dendrograms constructed by the two approaches were largely similar in both the clustering position and divergence of varietal groups. The least distance was observed between Yuvarlak Cekirdeksiz and Superior Seedless. The clustering position of cultivars throughout the dendrograms was basically related to the genetic distances and main uses, as well as to geographic origins.

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