Voltammetric Determination of Diazepam on Antimony Film Screen-Printed Electrode in Pharmaceutical Formulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vesna Antunović ◽  
Rada Baošić ◽  
Aleksandar Lolić
Keyword(s):  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Screen Printed Electrode ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Azomethine Group ◽  
Antimony Film ◽  
Screen Printed

Background: Diazepam belongs to the group of 1,4-benzodiapines. It is used for the treatment of anxiety, convulsions and as a muscle relaxant. The presence of 4,5-azomethine group enables its electrochemical detection Introduction: A screen-printed electrode modified with antimony film was used for the determination of diazepam in pharmaceutical preparations Methods: Electrode modification was done by ex-situ deposition of antimony on commercially available screen-printed electrode. Parameters affecting the electroanalytical response of the sensor, such as deposition potential, deposition time, and antimony concentration, were examined and optimized. The modified electrode showed enhanced electroactivity for diazepam reduction compared to unmodified electrode. Under optimal conditions, linear sweep voltammetry was used for the determination of analyte Results: The sensor showed linear dependence in the range from 0.5 to 10 μmol/L, the correlation coefficient was 0.9992. The limit of detection was 0.33 μmol/L, corresponding limit of quantification was 1.08 μmol/L. Modification enabled determination of diazepam in the presence of oxygen. Conclusion: The modified electrode was used for the determination of diazepam in tablets. Results confirmed the applicability of the electrochemical sensor

scholarly journals Determination of Simvastatin by Voltammetry Method at Screen-Printed Electrode Modified by Graphene Oxide Nanosheets and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Darroudi ◽  
Saeid Nazari ◽  
Seyed Ali Marashi ◽  
Mahdi Karimi-Nazarabad
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Screen Printed Electrode ◽  
Support Electrolyte ◽  
Limit Of Quantitation ◽  
Dodecyl Sulfate ◽  
Screen Printed

Abstract An accurate, rapid, simple, and novel technique was developed to determine simvastatin (SMV). In this research, a screen-printed electrode (SPE) was deposited with graphene oxide (GO) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), respectively. For the first time, the handmade modified SPE measured the SMV by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with high sensitivity and selectivity. The results of cyclic voltammetry indicated the oxidation irreversible process of SMV. Various parameters (pH, concentration, scan rate, support electrolyte) were performed to optimize the conditions for the determination of SMV. Under the optimum experiment condition of 0.1 M KNO3 as support electrolyte and pH 7.0, the linear range was achieved for SMV concentration from 1.8 to 36.6 µM with a limit of detection (LOD), and a limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 0.06 and 1.8 µM, respectively. The proposed method was successfully utilized to determine SMV in tablets and urine samples with a satisfactory recovery in the range of 96.2 to 103.3%.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of Phenylephrine hydrochloride and Salbutamol sulphate drugs in pharmaceutical preparations using diazotized Metoclopramide hydrochloride

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms ◽  
Salbutamol Sulphate ◽  
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Metoclopramide Hydrochloride

A spectrophotometric method has been proposed for the determination of two drugs containing phenol group [phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHP) and salbutamol sulphate (SLB)] in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The method is based on the diazotization reaction of metoclopramide hydrochloride (MCP) and coupling of the diazotized reagent with drugs in alkaline medium to give intense orange colored product (?max at 470 nm for each of PHP and SLB). Variable parameters such as temperature, reaction time and concentration of the reactants have been analyzed and optimized. Under the proposed optimum condition, Beer’s law was obeyed in the concentration range of 1-32 and 1-14 ?g mL-1 for PHP and SLB, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for each of PHP and SLB were 0.60, 0.52 ?g mL-1 and 2.02, 1.72 ?g mL-1, respectively. No interference was observed from common excipients present in pharmaceutical preparations. The good correlation coefficients and low relative standard deviation assert the applicability of this method. The suggested method was further applied for the determinations of drugs in commercial pharmaceutical preparations, which was compared statistically with reference methods by means of t- test and F- test and were found not to differ significantly at 95% confidence level. The procedure was characterized by its simplicity with accuracy and precision.

scholarly journals Carvacrol electrochemical reaction characteristics on screen printed electrode modified with La2O3/Co3O4 nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed Zia Mohammadi ◽  
Hadi Beitollahi ◽  
Tahereh Rohani ◽  
Hossein Allahabadi
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Co3o4 Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrochemical Characteristics ◽  
Screen Printed Electrode ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Voltammetric Techniques ◽  
Screen Printed

Electrochemical characteristics of carvacrol were investigated on a screen-printed electrode (SPE) modified with La2O3/Co3O4 nanocomposite by using voltammetric techniques, which displayed a well-defined peak for sensitive carvacrol determination in phosphate buffer solution (PBS) at pH 7.0. La2O3/Co3O4 nanoparticles demonstrated suitable catalytic activity for carvacrol determination by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) technique. Besides, determination of carvacrol in a real samples was recognized in the light of electrochemical findings and a validated voltammetric technique for quantitative analysis of carvacrol in a real formulation was proposed. The DPV peak currents were found to be linear in the concentration range of 10.0 to 800.0 μM. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 1.0 μM.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC Methods for Determining Cefotaxime Sodium in Pharmaceutical Preparations

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1314-1320
Author(s):  
Lamya A. Sarsam ◽  
Salim A. Mohammed ◽  
Sahar A. Fathe
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Molar Absorptivity ◽  
Hplc Method ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Rp Hplc ◽  
Relative Standard

A rapid, simple and sensitive spectrophotometric and RP-HPLC methods have been developed for the quantitative determination of cefotaxime-Na in both pure and dosage forms. The spectrophotometric method was based on diazotization of cefotaxime-Na and then coupling with 8-hydroxyquinoline in an alkaline medium. The resulting azo dye exhibited maximum absorption at 551 nm with a molar absorptivity of 0.597 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1. Beer′s law was obeyed over the range 10-700 μg/25 mL (i.e. 0.4-28.0 ppm) with an excellent determination coefficient (R2 = 0.9993). The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were found to be 0.0194 and 0.3765 μg mL-1, respectively. The recoveries were obtained in the range 97.3-102.5% and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was better than ± 1.56. The HPLC method has been developed for the determination of cefotaxime-Na. The analysis were carried out on a C18 column and a mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and phosphate buffer solution (0.024M KH2PO4 and 0.01M H3PO4) at pH 3.5 in the ratio of 60:40 (v:v), with a flow rate of 1.0 mL min-1 and UV detection at 258 nm. The proposed method showed good linearity (in a range of concentration 1.0-200 μg mL-1. The recovery percent and a relative standard deviations were found in the range 96 to 104.8% and ± 0.017 to ± 0.031%, respectively. Both methods were applied successfully to the assay of cefotaxime-Na in commercial injection preparations.

scholarly journals A novel dopamine electrochemical sensor based on La3+/ZnO nanoflower modified graphite screen printed electrode

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somayeh Tajik ◽  
Hadi Beitollahi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian
Keyword(s):  
Modified Electrode ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Solution ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Differential Pulse ◽  
Electrochemical Determination ◽  
Screen Printed Electrode ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Screen Printed

Flower-like La3+/ZnO nanocomposite was facile synthesized. A simple and ultrasensitive sensor based on graphite screen printed electrode (SPE) modified by La3+/ZnO nanoflower was developed for the electrochemical determination of dopamine. The electrochemical behavior of dopamine was studied in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution (PBS) using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Compared with the unmodified graphite screen printed electrode, the modified electrode facilitates the electron transfer of dopamine, since it notably increases the oxidation peak current of dopamine. Also, according to CV results the maximum oxidation of dopamine on La3+/ZnO/SPE occurs at 150 mV which is about 140 mV more negative compared with unmodified SPE. Under optimized conditions, the modified electrode exhibited a linear response over the concentration range from 0.15 to 300.0 μM, with a detection limit of 0.08 μM (S/N = 3). The proposed sensor exhibited a high sensitivity, good stability and was successfully applied for dopamine determination in dopamine ampoule, with high recovery.

scholarly journals Of bromination reaction for the spectrophotometric assay of domperidone in pharmaceuticals

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenita Devi ◽  
K. Basavaiah ◽  
K.B. Vinay
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Spectrophotometric Methods ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bulk Drug

Three simple and sensitive spectrophotometric methods are described for the determination of domperidone (DOM) in bulk drug and in dosage forms using bromate-bromide mixture as brominating agent in acid medium and three dyes, meta-cresol purple (MCP), amaranth (AMR) and erioglaucine (EGC). The methods involve the addition of a known excess of bromate-bromide mixture to an acidified solution of DOM followed by the determination of the residual bromine by reacting with a fixed amount of either MCP dye and measuring the absorbance at 530 nm (method A) or AMR dye and measuring the absorbance at 520 nm (method B) or EGC dye and measuring the absorbance at 630 nm (method C). Beer?s law is obeyed over the concentration ranges, 0.63 - 10.0, 0.25-4.0 and 0.13-2.0 ?g mL-1 for method A, method B and method C, respectively. The apparent molar absorptivities are calculated to be 3.751 ? 104, 6.604 ? 104 and 1.987 ? 105 L mol-1cm-1 for method A, method B and method C, respectively and the corresponding sandell sensitivity values are 0.011, 0.006 and 0.002 ?g cm-2. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification are also reported for all the three methods. No interference was observed from common additives found in pharmaceutical preparations. Statistical comparisons of the results with those of the reference method showed an excellent agreement, and indicated no significant difference in accuracy and precision. The accuracy and reliability of the methods were further ascertained by performing recovery tests via standard-addition technique.

scholarly journals A simple spectrophotometric method for the determination of captopril in pharmaceutical preparations using ammonium molybdate

2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. S Ribeiro ◽  
L Pezza ◽  
H. R Pezza
Keyword(s):  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Excellent Correlation ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
The Common

A simple, rapid and sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of captopril (CPT) in pharmaceutical formulations is proposed. This method is based on the reduction reaction of ammonium molybdate, in the presence of sulphuric acid, for the group thiol of CPT, producing a green compound (λ max 407 nm). Beer's law is obeyed in a concentration range of 4.60 x 10-4 - 1.84 x 10-3 mol l-1 of CPT with an excellent correlation coefficient (r = 0.9995). The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 7.31 x 10-6 e 2.43 x 10-5 mol l-1 of CPT, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of CPT in commercial brands of pharmaceuticals. No interferences were observed from the common excipients in the formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were favorably compared with those given by the official reported method at 95 % confidence level.

scholarly journals Development and validation of TLC densitometry method for the determination of Gliclazide in tablet dosage form

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
Yuni Retnaningtyas ◽  
Lestyo Wulandari ◽  
Feby Erliana
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Regression Function ◽  
Pharmaceutical Journal ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Label Claim ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Tablet Dosage

Some tablet pharmaceutical preparations containing Gliclazide as sole active ingredient, are marked now in Indone-sia. The determination of the component of preparation both qualitatively and quantitatively is important to ensure quality of the product. This research is aimed to develop a TLC method to analyze gliclazide in its single component tablet formulation. Gliclazide were dissolved with chloroform. Gliclazide was chromatographed on silica Gel 60 F254 TLC plate using toluene: ethyl acetate in the ratio of 1:1 (v/v) as mobile phase. Gliclazide showed Rf value of 0.58 and was scanned at 234nm using Camag TLC Scanner 3. This method validation showed a good linearity with correlation coefficient (r) of 0.999 while the coefficient of variation of the regression function (Vx0) = 2.406%. Specificity showed calculation of purity and identity more than 0.99. The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of the method was respectively 28.78 and 86.35 ng/spot respectively. The mean absolute recovery of Gliclazide from the simulation  sample was  100.5% ± 0.113 and the method precision was less than  5.3% whereas the mean of the recovery data was 100.3%. The proposed method has been applied to the determination of Gliclazide in commercial tablet formulations and the recovery of label claim were100.494%±0.348 for brand A and 100.111%±1.257% for brand B.  The developed method was successfully used for the assay of gliclazide. The method is simple, sensitive and precise; it can be used for the routine quality control testing of marketed formulations.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/icpj.v1i10.11852 International Current Pharmaceutical Journal 2012, 1(10): 332-335

scholarly journals Modified Screen-Printed Electrode for Determination of Imidacloprid in Water Samples: A Preliminary Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Azrilawani Ahmad ◽  
Nur Anis Zafirah Zainordin ◽  
Nur Amira Jaafar
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Supporting Electrolyte ◽  
Reduction Peak ◽  
Self Assembled Monolayer ◽  
Limit Of Quantification ◽  
Peak Current ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Screen Printed

A preliminary assessment of a simple and rapid electrochemical method was carried out to analyse imidacloprid (IMI) in water samples using cyclic voltammetry (CV) based on modified screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE). Self-assembled monolayer (SAM) was optimized using 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (11-MUA) with several parameters such as scan rates, type of supporting electrolyte, and pH of the supporting electrolyte. The modified SPGE showed high suppressed current against the potential due to the formation of a monolayer on the electrode surface. Surface morphology of the electrode was analysed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirming that 11-MUA was present on the modified SPGE. The water samples were collected from GM Peladang, Kuala Terengganu and two locations at Universiti Malaysia Terengganu. Method detection limit was expressed as limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for modified SPGE which were calculated at 3.784 and 12.613 mg/L in water samples, respectively. This study showed that the reduction peak current observed on the modified electrode was lower compared with oxidation peak current. Hence, gold is unsuitable for IMI detection.

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