scholarly journals Awareness and Perception of Thromboembolism and Thromboprophylaxis among Hospitalized Patients in Jordan

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-80
Author(s):  
Anan S. Jarab ◽  
Sayer Al-Azzam ◽  
Rawan Badaineh ◽  
Tareq L. Mukattash ◽  
Razan Bsoul
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Personal History ◽  
High Educational Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Background and Objective: Despite the established importance of thromboprophylaxis in patients with Venous Thromboembolism (VTE), a limited number of studies have assessed the awareness of VTE and thromboprophylaxis therapy among the affected patients. The aim of the current study was to assess awareness and to explore variables associated with awareness about VTE and its thromboprophylaxis. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on hospitalized patients who received thromboprophylaxis (5000 units of heparin subcutaneously (SC) q8-12h, or 30-40 mg of enoxaparin SC once daily). In addition to the sociodemographic variables, awareness and perception of VTE and its thromboprophylaxis were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Multiple logistic regressions were conducted to build a model of variables significantly associated with VTE awareness. Results: A total of 225 patients participated in the study, with only 38.2% and 22.2% of the participants being aware of Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) and Pulmonary Embolism (PE) respectively. Logistic regression showed that the participants with low educational level had 3.046 value, with the odds being not aware of DVT or PE compared with participants with high educational level. Participants without a personal history of VTE had 7.374 value, with the odds being not aware of DVT or PE compared with those who had a personal history of VTE. Participants who had a negative perception of VTE had 2.582 value, with the odds being not aware of DVT or PE compared with participants who had a positive perception and those who did not have any information about DVT or PE had 13.727 value, with the odds being not aware of DVT or PE. Conclusion: The findings reveal that there is a lack of awareness about VTE and its thromboprophylaxis among the study participants. Patients with lower educational level and those with no history of previous VTE need awareness improvement about VTE and its thromboprophylaxis. Clinical Pharmacists need to focus on providing information about VTE and improving patients’ perception about VTE and its thromboprophylaxis with the aim of improving the awareness about VTE, and hence the better health outcome.

scholarly journals Role of Psychosocial Factors In Vicarious Traumatization: A Comparative Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Nazia Mustafa ◽  
Hina Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Vicarious Traumatization ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal History ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed at investigating the role of psychosocial factors such as, gender, marital status, profession, and personal history of trauma in vicarious traumatization (VT). METHODOLOGY: Cross sectional study was conducted at various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad over the period of 6 months from January 2018 to June 2018. A sample of 170 healthcare professionals (doctors=39, psychiatrists=27, psychologists=36, nurses=30 and others=38) (men=67, women=103) was taken from various hospitals in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Data were collected by using the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale. RESULTS: Results revealed significant differences have been found among various groups of healthcare professionals (doctors, psychiatrist, psychologists, nurses and others) in whom psychiatrists are the most vulnerable group for vicarious traumatization and psychologists are the least vulnerable group. Moreover, healthcare professionals who are married and have personal history of trauma are more vulnerable for vicarious traumatization as compared to those who are unmarried and without personal history of trauma. No significant gender differences have been found among health care professionals on vicarious traumatization. CONCLUSION: The findings of present research have emphasized that vicarious traumatization must be addressed and identified in a health setting.

Factors influencing breast cancer awareness: a cross-sectional study in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 679-689
Author(s):  
Na Liu ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Ping-ping Guo ◽  
Xue-hui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Information Literacy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Breast Cancer Awareness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Aim: This study aimed to explore the factors that influence breast cancer awareness. Materials & methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted between January and April 2019 in Changchun, Jilin Province, China. Results: A total of 274 women were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Participants had a moderate level of breast cancer awareness (median = 76.50 [68.75, 84.00]). Women in the action/maintenance stages reported higher breast cancer awareness (p = 0.044). Women's breast cancer awareness was positively associated with high health information literacy level, husbands' higher educational degrees, seeing doctors after detecting abnormal breast changes and living within a short distance from the nearest hospital. Conclusion: History of screening and higher health information literacy levels are important positive factors linked to higher breast cancer awareness.

scholarly journals Relationship of ABO and Rh blood groups with history of gastritis in the undergraduate medical and dental students: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Nilu Manandhar ◽  
Kushal Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Background & Objectives: The various ABO and Rh blood groups with different distribution frequencies in the general population have been found to be associated with different diseases, most notably gastritis. Many studies have claimed Rh groups to be indifferent to such association. Nonetheless, ABO group is found to linked with chronic gastritis. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups and the gastritis amongst the first and second year undergraduate medical and dental students; and to study their relationships. Materials & Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, 247 study participants were enrolled. After procuring clearance from the institutional review committee and the informed and written consent from the study participants, data collection was done on the variables, year of study (first or second year), gender, blood groups (ABO and Rh) and history of gastritis (present or absent).Results: Blood group O was the commonest (n=99; 40.1%) followed by group B (n=77; 31.2%). Similarly, 239 (96.8%) participants were Rh-positive as compared to 8 (3.2%) Rh-negative. Interestingly, 46 (18.6%) of the participants reported positive history of gastritis. Participants with blood group O had the greatest odds (OR=1.64) of having history of gastritis compared with those with other blood groups combined. Distribution of study participants based on gender and history of gastritis in either systems of blood grouping shoed no significant difference in their proportions (p>0.05). Conclusion: In light of the above findings, further longitudinal studies can be designed to better asses the relationship.

scholarly journals Timing of presentation and correlation with computed tomography in pediatric patients with minor head trauma

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2038
Author(s):  
Karthick Jayapal ◽  
Hassan Adnan Mansour
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Head Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minor Head Trauma ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Type Of Injury

Background: The presentation of minor head trauma warrants immediate and accurate diagnosis for early clinical management among children. Computed Tomography is the gold standard tool for the diagnosis of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) among the children. The timing of presentation may have a significant role in predicting the incidence of TBI. This study was done to compare the CT findings among children who presented within and after 24 hours with minor head trauma.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 992 children between 2-15 years reporting with a history of head injury. All the participants were clinically examined, and relevant history of type of injury and timing of presentation was recorded. CT scan was taken as per PECARN criteria. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS ver 15 software.Results: Majority of the participants belonged to 6-10 years of age (45.2%) and were males (58.5%). About 81.7% of the participants presented within 24 hours. The overall prevalence of TBI among the study participants was 58.6% [55.5-61.6].It was observed that hematoma predominantly presented after 24 hours (74.2%) and majority of the falls presented after 24 hours (92.8%).Patients who presented after 24 hours were at increased risk of presenting as TBI (67.03%) compared to those presenting within 24 hours (56.8%;p<0.05).Conclusions: This study has emphasized the need for including the timing of presentation as a key factor for facilitating early diagnosis and rapid case management of pediatric head trauma.

scholarly journals Immunological Protection of Individuals Aged 3 to 25 Years Against Pertussis: Regional Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Diana V. Sutovskaya ◽  
Alla V. Burlutskaya ◽  
Larisa V. Dubova ◽  
Daria R. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
Bordetella Pertussis ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Protective Antibodies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Immunological Protection ◽  
Study Participants

Background. Recently, there has been an increase in the incidence of pertussis in unvaccinated, as well as vaccinated children and adults. The major risk group for pertussis are infants and children over 4 years of age due to gradual decrease in basic immunity.Objective. The aim of the study was to analyze postvaccinal immunity against pertussis in individuals aged 3 to 25 years in Krasnodar.Methods. The study was carried out in the period between July 2018 and October 2019 and included patients aged 3 to 25 years with completed (according to National Immunization Schedule) immunization against pertussis with no history of pertussis in the past. Postvaccinal immunity against pertussis in this sample was determined by the ratio of study participants with minimum protective antibodies titer to Bordetella pertussis ( 1:160).Results. The minimum protective antibody titer was revealed in 24 out of 76 participants. Distribution to age groups was the following: children aged 3 to 7 years — 2/28 (7%), 8 to 17 years — 13/22 (59%; p < 0.001, compared with the younger age group),  18 years — 9/26 (35%; p = 0.017). There was no postvaccinal immunity (no antibodies detected) in 6 (21%), 1 (5%) and 4 (15%) participants, respectively.Conclusion. Insufficient postvaccinal (humoral) immunity against pertussis was revealed in majority of children under 7 years. The ratio of such children decreases with age. It suggests the presence of hidden circulation of Bordetella pertussis and, as a result, previous medical condition in erased or abortive form.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Civil Servants Working in Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Aschenaki Kalssa ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Alemu Tamiso ◽  
Tadele Girum
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Despite Hypertension is a global public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death attention was not given in developing countries. Therefore measuring the prevalence and identifying predictors of Hypertension is very important. Institution based cross sectional study design was employed from March–April, 2016 by taking 319 randomly selected civil servants working in in Arba Minch town. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and standardized instruments for physical examination by 5 trained nurses. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Bi-variable and Multivariate logistic regression was employed for analysis of risk factors. The mean SBP and DBP of study participants were 120.87 + 14.15 mmHg and 80.28 + 8.8 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 27.8% (95% CI = 22.9-32.7%). Civil servants of age 50 years and above [AOR = 13.3], age 40-49 years [AOR = 5], age 30-39 years [AOR = 3.5], abdominal obesity [AOR=12.2], general obesity [AOR = 4.2], stress status [AOR = 12.3], current alcohol drink [AOR = 3.3], ex-drinker [AOR = 8.9] and family history of hypertension [AOR = 5.6] were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence indicates that it is hidden epidemic in this population; therefore for screening and risk reduction program are needed.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension among Civil Servants Working in Arba Minch Town, South Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 375
Author(s):  
Aschenaki Kalssa ◽  
Gistane Ayele ◽  
Alemu Tamiso ◽  
Tadele Girum
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Despite Hypertension is a global public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death attention was not given in developing countries. Therefore measuring the prevalence and identifying predictors of Hypertension is very important. Institution based cross sectional study design was employed from March–April, 2016 by taking 319 randomly selected civil servants working in in Arba Minch town. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and standardized instruments for physical examination by 5 trained nurses. SPSS version 20 was used for data analysis. Bi-variable and Multivariate logistic regression was employed for analysis of risk factors. The mean SBP and DBP of study participants were 120.87 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 14.15 mmHg and 80.28 <span style="text-decoration: underline;">+</span> 8.8 mmHg, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 27.8% <br /> (95% CI = 22.9-32.7%). Civil servants of age 50 years and above <br /> [AOR = 13.3], age 40-49 years [AOR = 5], age 30-39 years [AOR = 3.5], abdominal obesity [AOR=12.2], general obesity [AOR = 4.2], stress status [AOR = 12.3], current alcohol drink [AOR = 3.3], ex-drinker [AOR = 8.9] and family history of hypertension [AOR = 5.6] were found to be significantly associated with hypertension. The prevalence indicates that it is hidden epidemic in this population; therefore for screening and risk reduction program are needed.

scholarly journals Practice of Coronavirus Disease-19 Prevention Methods and Associated Factors in Three Zones of Southwest Ethiopia: Community based cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wondimagegn Wondimu ◽  
Amare Genetu Ejigu ◽  
Mengistu Ayenew Mekonen ◽  
Angesom Weldu ◽  
Wondwossen Niguse Asmare ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
History Of ◽  
Prevention Methods ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is an emerging contagious respiratory infection that brings a big puzzle to global health. In Ethiopia, the number of cases and related deaths are increasing exponentially. Prevention is currently available effective management, and its implementation has not been assessed adequately.Objective To assess the COVID-19 prevention practices in three zones of Southwest Ethiopia.Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bench Sheko, Kafa, and West Omo zones. A multistage sampling technique was employed to select 845 study participants. The data collection tool was adapted from the WHO resources and related literature. SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. Participants who scored at least a mean score of practice questions were categorized as having good practice. Binary logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with the practice.Results In this study, 803 participants participated. About two-thirds (64.7%) of the respondents had a history of going to crowded places, while only 30.3% of the participants had a history of wearing a mask when leaving home. Two-thirds of the respondents had a history of maintaining their distance at 2 meters (64.4%) and washing their hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand sanitizers (64.8%). Generally, less than two-thirds (59.4%) of study participants had a good practice of COVID-19 prevention methods. Urban residence, good knowledge, positive attitude, intention to seek care, and perceived mortality were positively associated with good practice.Conclusion The proportion of individuals who had good COVID-19 prevention practices was inadequate. For such highly infectious diseases, prevention should be the priority intervention, and improving its implementation needs further effort. Community-based interventions such as risk communication and mass education should center on scaling up community knowledge and practice by prioritizing vulnerable groups such as rural residents.

Controlling Behavior and Intimate Partner Violence: A Cross-Sectional Study in an Urban Area of Delhi, India

2019 ◽  
pp. 088626051987672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reema Mukherjee ◽  
Rajneesh Kumar Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Controlling Behavior ◽  
Study Participants

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a widespread issue faced by women across the world. While prevalence and epidemiology of IPV has been studied extensively, its association with controlling behavior has been largely ignored. We carried out this study to assess the prevalence of IPV against married women and its association with sociodemographic factors, justification of violence, and controlling behavior by their spouses in Delhi, India. Five hundred women residing in an urban residential area of Delhi, India, responded to a validated questionnaire asking about IPV and controlling behaviors by their husbands. In our study, 30.6% of women had “ever” experienced IPV, and 43.2% women stated that they had experienced controlling behavior by their husbands. Alcohol consumption by the husband, women’s justification of their partner’s violence, and controlling behavior by the husbands were significantly associated with the experience of IPV among study participants. Women with a lower education status, not financially employed, those who justified violence or faced any form of violence in their marital life were at higher risk of experiencing controlling behavior from their spouses.

scholarly journals Parents’ Expectations About Participating in Antenatal Parenthood Education Classes

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingegerd Ahldén ◽  
Siw Ahlehagen ◽  
Lars Owe Dahlgren ◽  
Ann Josefsson
Keyword(s):  
Educational Level ◽  
Infant Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Antenatal Education ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Antenatal Education Classes

Our objective was to assess parents’ expectations about participating in antenatal parenthood education classes and to determine whether their expectations might be related to gender, age, and educational level. Data from 1,117 women and 1,019 partners residing in three cities in Sweden were collected with a questionnaire in a cross-sectional study. Participants believed that antenatal education classes would help them to feel more secure as parents and to be better oriented toward childbirth. Men had more positive expectations about the childbirth than the women. The participants mostly wanted help in preparing for parenthood and in learning infant care skills, followed by help in preparing for childbirth. The participants’ expectations were affected by gender, age, and educational level. The expectant parents appeared to want more focus on preparation for parenthood than on childbirth.

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