Regenerative potential of stem cells derived from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) teeth during engineering of human body tissues

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivkanya Fuloria ◽  
Ajay Jain ◽  
Sameep Singh ◽  
Iswar Hazarika ◽  
Samson Salile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Human Body ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Body Tissues

Abstract:: Current decade witnesses the regenerative potential of stem cells (SCs) based life-saving therapies for the treatment of various disease and conditions. Human teeth act as reservoir for SCs that exist with high abundance in baby, wisdom, and permanent teeth. The collection of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) is considered as a simple process as it offers the convenience of little or no pain. In comparison to the SCs from dental or bone marrow or other tissues, the SHED offers the benefit of higher cellular differentiation and proliferation. Massive in vitro and in vivo studies reveal the regenerative potential of SHED in the engineering of dental pulp tissue, neuronal tissue, root, bio root, cardiovascular tissues, lymphatic tissues, renal tissues, dermal tissues, hepatic tissues, and bone tissues. Current review describes the methods of collection/isolation/storage, various biomarkers, and types of SHED. This review highlights the regenerative potential of SHED in the engineering of different tissues of human body. As per the available research evidences present study supports that SHED may differentiate into the endothelial cells, neurons, odontoblasts, pancreatic

Stem Cells Derived from Human Exfoliated Deciduous teeth [shed] in Neuronal Disorders: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minu Anoop ◽  
Indrani Datta
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Proliferative Potential ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

: Most conventional treatments for neurodegenerative diseases fail due to their focus on neuroprotection rather than neurorestoration. Stem cell‐based therapies are becoming a potential treatment option for neurodegenerative diseases as they can home in, engraft, differentiate and produce factors for CNS recovery. Stem cells derived from human dental pulp tissue differ from other sources of mesenchymal stem cells due to their embryonic neural crest origin and neurotrophic property. These include both dental pulp stem cells [DPSCs] from dental pulp tissues of human permanent teeth and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHED]. SHED offer many advantages over other types of MSCs such as good proliferative potential, minimal invasive procurement, neuronal differentiation and neurotrophic capacity, and negligible ethical concerns. The therapeutic potential of SHED is attributed to the paracrine action of extracellularly released secreted factors, specifically the secretome, of which exosomes is a key component. SHED and its conditioned media can be effective in neurodegeneration through multiple mechanisms, including cell replacement, paracrine effects, angiogenesis, synaptogenesis, immunomodulation, and apoptosis inhibition, and SHED exosomes offer an ideal refined bed-to-bench formulation in neurodegenerative disorders. However, in spite of these advantages, there are still some limitations of SHED exosome therapy, such as the effectiveness of long-term storage of SHED and their exosomes, the development of a robust GMP-grade manufacturing protocol, optimization of the route of administration, and evaluation of the efficacy and safety in humans. In this review, we have addressed the isolation, collection and properties of SHED along with its therapeutic potential on in vitro and in vivo neuronal disorder models as evident from the published literature.

scholarly journals Isolation and culture of dental pulp stem cells from permanent and deciduous teeth

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shagufta Naz ◽  
Farhan Raza Khan ◽  
Raheela Rahmat Zohra ◽  
Sahreena Salim Lakhundi ◽  
Mehwish Sagheer Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Tooth Pulp ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Creative Commons ◽  
Calcified Tissue

Objective: To isolate dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from non-infected human permanent and deciduous teeth. Methods: It was an in-vitro experimental study. Human teeth were collected from 13 apparently healthy subjects including nine adults and four children. After decoronation dental pulps were extirpated from teeth and cultured via explant method in a stem cell defined media. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics. Results: As above MSCs emerged exhibiting fibroblast-like morphology. In vitro culture was positive for 100% (9/9) and 75% (3/4) of the permanent and deciduous teeth respectively. First cell appeared from deciduous teeth pulp in 10±6.2 days while permanent teeth pulp took 12.4±3.7 days. Together, 26.6±3.6 and 24.5±3.5 days were required for permanent and deciduous tooth pulp stem cells to be ready for further assays. Conclusions: The protocol we developed is easy and consistent and can be used to generate reliable source of MScs for engineering of calcified and non-calcified tissue for regenerative medicine approaches. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.540 How to cite this:Naz S, Khan FR, Zohra RR, Lakhundi SS, Khan MS, Mohammed N, et al. Isolation and culture of dental pulp stem cells from permanent and deciduous teeth. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.4.540 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals In vitro histomorphometric comparison of dental pulp tissue in different teeth

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e8212
Author(s):  
Marytere Guerrero-Jiménez ◽  
Geovanny I. Nic-Can ◽  
Nelly Castro-Linares ◽  
Fernando Javier Aguilar-Ayala ◽  
Michel Canul-Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Valuable Source

Background Dental pulp (DP) represents an accessible and valuable source promising of stem cells for clinical application. However, there are some disadvantages associated with the isolation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which include the size and weight of the pulp tissue needed to yield sufficient cells for culturing in vitro. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare in vitro histomorphometry of DP from permanent (premolars, third molar), supernumerary and deciduous teeth of patients between 5 and 25 years old with regards to weight, length, width and the cell density in the four regions of the DP in order to obtain quantitative parameters in a tissue that represents a valuable source of stem cells. Methods DPs were obtained from 10 central incisors deciduous, 20 permanent teeth (10 premolars, 10 third molars) and 10 supernumeraries (six mesiodents and four inferior premolar shapes). The pulps were carefully removed, and the entire tissue was weighed. The pulp length and the width were measured with a digital Vernier caliper. The cellular density analysis was performed according to the four regions of the DP (coronal, cervical, medial and apical) in histological slides using photography and the ImageJ® program for quantification. Results The Pearson correlation test revealed that DP weight among different types of teeth is correlated with age in male patients. A significant positive correlation was noted between length and width of the DP with age in both genders. The mean DP weight for supernumerary and third molar teeth was greater than deciduous and premolar teeth. Finally, the histological analysis showed that the coronal and apical portions of DP in supernumerary and premolar teeth have the highest cell density. Conclusions The DP of supernumerary teeth has quantitatively the best morphometric parameters and cell density comparable with the quality of DP obtained from deciduous teeth.

Isolation and characterization of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) – an in vitro study

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-18
Author(s):  
Dr. Vinay Rao ◽  
Dr. Roopa R Nadig ◽  
Dr.Ramanand Nadig ◽  
Dr.Karthik .J ◽  
Dr. Veena Pai S
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Dental Pulp Stem Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: 1. Isolation and growth of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from exfoliated human deciduous teeth (SHED). 2. Characterization of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from exfoliated human deciduous teeth (SHED). METHODS: The pulp tissue was digested in collagenase and cultured in DMEM Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Media). The stem cells were identified and isolated. Surface characterization of cells was done with the help of flow cytometer using a panel of various surface markers. An immuno cytochemistry analysis was done to see the expression of proteins in the cells. RESULTS: Identification of cells was done with the help of a phase contrast microscope. Flow cytometry analyses for various CD markers showed similar results for both DPSCs and SHED. The cells showed positive expression for pluripotent markers, ectodermal markers and mesodermal markers. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that stem cells existed in human deciduous and permanent pulp tissue. The stem cells present in deciduous permanent pulp tissue can be isolated, cultivated and expanded in vitro. Both DPSCs and SHED show almost a similar expression pattern profile for variety of antigens tested. Further studies should include analysis of diverse cell populations to elucidate their potential to differentiate into various cell types followed by in vivo studies in animals and humans.

In vitro and in vivo characteristics of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth obtained by enzymatic disaggregation and outgrowth

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (10) ◽  
pp. 1013-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mijeong Jeon ◽  
Je Seon Song ◽  
Byung-Jai Choi ◽  
Hyung-Jun Choi ◽  
Dong-Min Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth

Equilibrium distribution of radioxenon in tissue: xenon-hemoglobin association curve

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1065-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadley L. Conn
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Equilibrium Distribution ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Gas Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Gas Diffusion Method

In vitro and in vivo studies were made of the equilibrium distribution of radioxenon in various organs and tissues of the dog and the xenon uptake compared with a water standard. Tissue-blood partition coefficients were calculated. The radioxenon-hemoglobin association curve was determined for dog and human hemoglobin and methemoglobin. The uptake of radioxenon by blood, due in particular to xenon-hemoglobin affinity, was appreciably greater than uptake either by water or by most other body tissues. Fat and brain were notable exceptions. Consequently, tissue-blood partition coefficients were about eight for fat, one for brain, and significantly less than one for other tissues studied. Acceptable accuracy for blood flow determinations with a radioxenon inert gas diffusion method would seem to depend on the use of a partition coefficient correction in turn corrected at least for the existing hemoglobin concentration. The uptake of xenon by hemoglobin had the characteristics of a solubility or a quasi-solubility phenomenon. The problem of the nature of the interaction is apparently not resolved. Submitted on June 19, 1961

TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF CARTILAGE TISSUE ENGINEERING

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 149-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsu-Wei Fang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cartilage Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cartilage Tissue

Cartilage injuries may be caused by trauma, biomechanical imbalance, or degenerative changes of joint. Unfortunately, cartilage has limited capability to spontaneous repair once damaged and may lead to progressive damage and degeneration. Cartilage tissue-engineering techniques have emerged as the potential clinical strategies. An ideal tissue-engineering approach to cartilage repair should offer good integration into both the host cartilage and the subchondral bone. Cells, scaffolds, and growth factors make up the tissue engineering triad. One of the major challenges for cartilage tissue engineering is cell source and cell numbers. Due to the limitations of proliferation for mature chondrocytes, current studies have alternated to use stem cells as a potential source. In the recent years, a lot of novel biomaterials has been continuously developed and investigated in various in vitro and in vivo studies for cartilage tissue engineering. Moreover, stimulatory factors such as bioactive molecules have been explored to induce or enhance cartilage formation. Growth factors and other additives could be added into culture media in vitro, transferred into cells, or incorporated into scaffolds for in vivo delivery to promote cellular differentiation and tissue regeneration.Based on the current development of cartilage tissue engineering, there exist challenges to overcome. How to manipulate the interactions between cells, scaffold, and signals to achieve the moderation of implanted composite differentiate into moderate stem cells to differentiate into hyaline cartilage to perform the optimum physiological and biomechanical functions without negative side effects remains the target to pursue.

scholarly journals Fatty acid is a potential agent for bone tissue induction: In vitro and in vivo approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 242 (18) ◽  
pp. 1765-1771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guinea BC Cardoso ◽  
Erivelto Chacon ◽  
Priscila GL Chacon ◽  
Pedro Bordeaux-Rego ◽  
Adriana SS Duarte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Bone Induction ◽  
Acid Addition

Our hypothesis was to investigate the fatty acid potential as a bone induction factor. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to evaluate this approach. Oleic acid was used in a 0.5 wt.% concentration. Polycaprolactone was used as the polymeric matrix by combining solvent-casting and particulate-leaching techniques, with a final porosity of 70 wt.%, investigated by SEM images. Contact angle measurements were produced to investigate the influence of oleic acid on polycaprolactone chains. Cell culture was performed using adipocyte-derived stem cells to evaluate biocompatibility and bioactivity properties. In addition, in vivo studies were performed to evaluate the induction potential of oleic acid addition. Adipocyte-derived stem cells were used to provide differentiation after 21 days of culture. Likewise, information were obtained with in vivo data and cellular invagination was observed on both scaffolds (polycaprolactone and polycaprolactone /oleic acid); interestingly, the scaffold with oleic acid addition demonstrated that cellular migrations are not related to the surrounding tissue, indicating bioactive potential. Our hypothesis is that fatty acid may be used as a potential induction factor for bone tissue engineering. The study’s findings indicate oleic acid as a possible agent for bone induction, according to data on cell differentiation, proliferation, and migration. Impact statement The biomaterial combined in this study on bone regeneration is innovative and shows promising results in the treatment of bone lesions. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and oleic acid have been studied separately. In this research, we combined biomaterials to assess the stimulus and the speed of bone healing.

scholarly journals N-Cadherin Upregulation Promotes the Neurogenic Differentiation of Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanli Liu ◽  
Fen Yang ◽  
Shengying Liang ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Sulei Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Menstrual Blood ◽  
Neurogenic Differentiation ◽  
Endometrial Stem Cells ◽  
Medical Disorders

Peripheral nerve injuries are typically caused by either trauma or medical disorders, and recently, stem cell-based therapies have provided a promising treatment approach. Menstrual blood-derived endometrial stem cells (MenSCs) are considered an ideal therapeutic option for peripheral nerve repair due to a noninvasive collection procedure and their high proliferation rate and immunological tolerance. Here, we successfully isolated MenSCs and examined their biological characteristics including their morphology, multipotency, and immunophenotype. Subsequent in vitro studies demonstrated that MenSCs express high levels of neurotrophic factors, such as NT3, NT4, BDNF, and NGF, and are capable of transdifferentiating into glial-like cells under conventional induction conditions. Moreover, upregulation of N-cadherin (N-cad) mRNA and protein expression was observed after neurogenic differentiation. In vivo studies clearly showed that N-cad knockdown via in utero electroporation perturbed the migration and maturation of mouse neural precursor cells (NPCs). Finally, a further transfection assay also confirmed that N-cad upregulation in MenSCs results in the expression of S100. Collectively, our results confirmed the paracrine effect of MenSCs on neuroprotection as well as their potential for transdifferentiation into glial-like cells and demonstrated that N-cad upregulation promotes the neurogenic differentiation of MenSCs, thereby providing support for transgenic MenSC-based therapy for peripheral nerve injury.

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