scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Factors of Common Mental Disorders Among Adult Residents in Silte Zone, Southern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Mohammed Muze ◽  
Mehbub Denur ◽  
Mubarek Hussein ◽  
Mufta Muzemil ◽  
Mubarek Yesse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Introduction: Mental health problems appear to be increasing in importance in Africa. Mental and substance use disorders were the leading cause of yearly lived with disability in Sub-Saharan Africa. Evidence from previous studies shows considerable variation in the prevalence of these disorders. The most acceptable explanation for this wide variation is likely to be the fact that socio cultural factors are major determinants of mental disorders. Therefore a mental disorder has to be understood in a specific setting to develop effective and tailored interventions. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among adult residents in Silte Zone, southern Ethiopia Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted in the study area. A total of 1178 adults were selected by using a three-stage systematic sampling technique. The Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to determine the prevalence of common mental disorders. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Both bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were employed to identify factors associated with common mental disorders. Results: The prevalence of common mental disorders among adults found to be 39.7%. Increased age (OR = 1.114; 95% CI = 1.095, 1.134), being female (OR = 9.421; 95% CI = 5.947, 14.926), poor social support (OR = 1.987; 95% CI = 1.358, 2.907) and having life threatening experience (OR = 2.162; 95% CI = 1.825, 2.562) were significantly associated with common mental disorders. Conclusion: In the study, the magnitude of common mental disorders remains high in the study area. Increased age, being female, poor social support and having life-threatening experience were significantly associated with common mental disorders.

Prevalence and determinants of Common Mental Disorder among pregnant women In Debre Berhan town: Highland in Central Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kefyalew Dagne Gizachew ◽  
Gashaw Andargie Biks ◽  
Abate Dargie Wubetu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Debre Berhan ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Abstract Introduction: The high prevalence of antenatal mental disorders in Sub-Saharan African countries is poorly understood. Pregnancy and childbirth are gaining recognition as significant risk factors for the development and exacerbation of mental health problems. In low- and lower-middle income countries about one in six pregnant women are experiencing antenatal common mental disorders (CMD). Objective: To assess prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders (CMD) among pregnant women in Debre Berhan town, North Showa Zone, Amhara region, Ethiopia, 2016. Methods: Community based cross-sectional study was employed among 569 participants. Data was collected using face-to-face interviews with Amharic version of Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) from seven selected kebeles. Kebeles were selected by simple random sampling and individuals were selected using cluster sampling. Crude and adjusted OR was analyzed using bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis and the level of significance for association was determined with 95% CI and at P- value < 0.05. Result: A total 557 study participants were completed the interview and the prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder was found to be 45.2%. Loss of loved one (AOR = 1.97; 95% CI: 1.19–3.27), history of chronic medical illness (AOR = 6.57; 95% CI: 2.17–19.94), unwanted pregnancy (AOR = 2.13; 95% CI: 1.15–3.95), nulliparity (AOR = 8.71; 95% CI: 1.58–47.94), one or less ANC consultations (AOR = 0.22; 95% CI: 0.08–0.64), two-three ANC consultations (AOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11–0.83) and current obstetric complications (AOR = 4.45; 95% CI: 2.21–8.99) were important factors significantly associated with antenatal common mental disorder. Conclusion: The prevalence of antenatal common mental disorder (CMD) was high in this study that shows antenatal CMD is significant public health issue that requires a great emphasis. So, early screening and intervention for antenatal CMD should be integrated in primary health care and antenatal care service settings.

scholarly journals The prevalence and associated factors of common mental disorders among residents of south Gondar zone, northwest Ethiopia: A community-based, cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getasew Legas ◽  
Getnet Mehretie ◽  
Sintayehu Asnakew ◽  
Amsalu Belete ◽  
Shegaye Shumet
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Family History ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Social Support ◽  
History Of ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background: Common mental disorders such as depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms are a public health concern. It has physical health, psychological and economic consequences. These illness is an emerging issue in Ethiopia.Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among residents of south Gondar zone 2018.Methods: In this cross-sectional study,731 respondents were recruited for interrviews using a systematic random sampling technique.The self reporting questionnaire was used to assess common mental disorders. List of Threatening Experiences, and the Oslo social support instruments were used to assess the factors. We computed bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions to assess factors associated with common mental disorders. Statistical significance was declared at P-value <0.05.Result: A total of 731 participants were interviewed, with a response rate of 98.5%. The prevalence of common mental disorders was 29.7% with (95% CI: 26.4-33.1).In the multivariate logistic regression,female sex (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)= 2.47, 95% CI : 1.68, 3.62),poor social support( AOR =2.34, 95% CI:1.50, 3.64), family history of mental illness(AOR =2.15, 95% CI:1.32-3.51), current use of khat(AOR =1.69, 95% CI: 1 .07, 2.64) and tobacco(AOR=1.71, 95% CI:1.04-2.84), and rural residence(AOR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.35, 3.01) were factors significantly associated with CMDs.Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of common mental disorders was found to be high. Female sex, current substance use (khat chewing (leaves) and tobacco smoking), unemployment, rural residence, family history mental illness, and poor social support were significantly associated with common mental disorder. Therefore; It is necessary to give emphasis to individuals with family history of mental illness, women, and history of mental illness.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Common Mental Disorders and its Association with Life Events and Social Support in Mothers Attending a Well-Child Clinic

SAGE Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 215824401667732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nusrat Husain ◽  
Ipshita Mukherjee ◽  
Amber Notiar ◽  
Zahir Alavi ◽  
Barbara Tomenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire

Common mental disorders (CMD), such as depression and anxiety disorders that affect mothers with young children, are a major public health issue in developing countries. This study investigates the prevalence of CMD and its associated factors among mothers attending a well-child clinic in Mombasa, Kenya. In this cross-sectional study, 429 women were screened for the presence of CMD using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire–20 (SRQ-20). Social support and social stress were measured using the OSLO Social Support Scale and the Life Events Checklist. The prevalence of CMD was 20%. High SRQ scorers were more likely to be single or separated/divorced compared with low scorers. Language, neighborhood, and financial difficulties were found to be significant independent correlates of CMD through multiple logistic regression analysis. Rates of CMD among mothers with young children in Kenya are high. This is important for nurses and pediatricians whose contact offers them an opportunity to detect CMD and refer mothers for appropriate support.

Evidence-Based Practice in School Mental Health

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
School Based ◽  
K 12

Schools have become the default mental health providers for children and adolescents, but they are often poorly equipped to meet the mental health needs of their students. The introduction tackles how to make students eligible for school-based services using the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act. Using the new DSM-5 as an organizing principle, this book then addresses the 12 most common mental disorders of childhood and adolescence, ages 3–18. While there are many books that address child and adolescent psychopathology, this book focuses on how to help students with mental disorders in pre-K–12 schools. Each chapter addresses the prevalence of a disorder in school-age populations, appropriate diagnostic criteria, differential diagnosis, comorbid disorders, rapid assessment instruments available, school-based interventions using multitiered systems of support, and easy-to-follow suggestions for progress monitoring. Unique to this book, each chapter has detailed suggestions for how school-based clinicians can collaborate with teachers, parents, and community providers to address the needs of youth with mental health problems so that school, home, and community work together. Each chapter ends with a list of extensive web resources and a real-life case example drawn from the clinical practice of the authors. The final chapter addresses two newly proposed diagnoses for self-harm in the DSM-5 and brings a cautious and sensible approach to assessing and helping students who may be at risk for serious self-injury or suicide.

scholarly journals Magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among people with bipolar disorder at Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. e044824
Author(s):  
Shegaye Shumet ◽  
Bethlehem W/Michele ◽  
Dessie Angaw ◽  
Temesgen Ergete ◽  
Nigus Alemnew
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specialized Hospital ◽  
Poor Social Support

ObjectivesTo assess the magnitude of internalised stigma and associated factors among patients with bipolar disorder attending the outpatient department of Amanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.DesignInstitution-based cross-sectional study design.SettingAmanuel Mental Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsWe recruited about 418 participants using systematic sampling technique for an interview during the study period.MeasurementData were collected by face-to-face interviews. Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness scale was used to measure internalised stigma. The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Oslo-3 Social Support were instruments used to assess the associated factors. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with the outcome variable. ORs with 95% CI were computed to determine the level of significance.ResultsThe magnitude of internalised stigma was 24.9% (95% CI: 21.2% to 28.9%). In the multivariate analysis, unemployed (adjusted OR (AOR)=2.3, 95% CI: 1.0 to 5.0), unable to read and write (AOR=3.3, 95% CI: 1.05 to 10.7), poor social support (AOR=5.3, 95% CI: 1.9 to 15.0), ≥4 previous hospitalisations due to bipolar disorder (AOR=2.6, 95% CI: 1.1 to 6.1) and low self-esteem (AOR=2.4, 95% CI: 1.1 to 5.1) had a significant association with internalised stigma.ConclusionsOne in four patients with bipolar disorder reported high internalised stigma. Unemployment, low educational status, low self-esteem, poor social support and being hospitalised more than three times before were significantly associated with internalised stigma. Thus, a stigma-reduction programme focusing on self-esteem improvement and psychological health of patients to increase their stigma resistance to counteracting effects of internalised stigma is essential.

scholarly journals Common Mental Disorders and Substance Use in School Children of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
P Sharma ◽  
P Sharma ◽  
N Thakur ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
M Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
School Mental Health ◽  
Prevalence Studies ◽  
Common Mental Health Problems ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
History Of

Introduction: School mental health is one of the important areas where early detection can lead to appropriate early intervention and burden of disease can be minimized. There is dearth of prevalence studies of common mental disorders on school going adolescents in Nepal. Considering this we aimed to study the prevalence of common mental health problems and substance use in school going adolescents. Material And Method: We evaluated 240 students for common mental disorders (depression and anxiety) using translated version of PHQ-4 and substance use single validated question after taking consent from school authorities and assent from students. Results: It was seen that 68.8 % students had psychological distress. 22.9 % and 27.5% of students had anxiety and depression respectively on screener and 23.3% students had use of substance at least once within a year. When compared male had significantly higher number of substance use as compared to female but no difference in PHQ-4 scores were seen when compared between gender and history of substance use. Conclusion: The study shows the current scenario of school going adolescents in Nepal and highlights the need of prevalence data on more generalizable setting.

scholarly journals Detecting common mental disorders in primary care in India: a comparison of five screening questionnaires

2007 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Patel ◽  
R. Araya ◽  
N. Chowdhary ◽  
M. King ◽  
B. Kirkwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Primary Care Settings ◽  
Self Reporting Questionnaire ◽  
Distress Scale

BackgroundScreening of patients for common mental disorders (CMDs) is needed in primary-care management programmes. This study aimed to compare the screening properties of five widely used questionnaires.MethodAdult attenders in five primary-care settings in India were recruited through systematic sampling. Four questionnaires were administered, in pairs, in random order to participants: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ, 12 items); the Primary Health Questionnaire (PHQ, nine items); the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10, 10 items), and from which we could extract the score of the shorter 6-item K6; and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ, 20 items). All participants were interviewed with a structured lay diagnostic interview, the Revised Clinical Interview Schedule (CIS-R).ResultsComplete data were available for 598 participants (participation rate 99.3%). All five questionnaires showed moderate to high discriminating ability; the GHQ and SRQ showed the best results. All five showed moderate to high degrees of correlation with one another, the poorest being between the two shortest questionnaires, K6 and PHQ. All five had relatively good internal consistency. However, the positive predictive value (PPV) of the questionnaires compared with the diagnostic interview ranged from 51% to 77% at the optimal cut-off scores.ConclusionsThere is little difference in the ability of these questionnaires to identify cases accurately, but none showed high PPVs without a considerable compromise on sensitivity. Hence, the choice of an optimum cut-off score that yields the best balance between sensitivity and PPV may need to be tailored to individual settings, with a higher cut-off being recommended in resource-limited primary-care settings.

scholarly journals Preconception prediction of expectant fathers' mental health: 20-year cohort study from adolescence

BJPsych Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Spry ◽  
Rebecca Giallo ◽  
Margarita Moreno-Betancur ◽  
Jacqui Macdonald ◽  
Denise Becker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Expectant Fathers

We examined prospective associations between men's common mental disorders in the decades prior to offspring conception and subsequent paternal antenatal mental health problems. Data came from a prospective intergenerational cohort study which assessed common mental disorder nine times from age 14 to 29 years, and in the third trimester of subsequent pregnancies to age 35 years (N = 295 pregnancies to 214 men). Men with histories of adolescent and young adult common mental disorders were over four times more likely to experience antenatal mental health problems. Future research identifying modifiable perinatal factors that counteract preconception risk would provide further targets for intervention.Declaration of interestNone.

scholarly journals Optimising implementation strategies of the first scaleup of a primary care psychological intervention for common mental disorders in Sub-Saharan Africa: a mixed methods study protocol for the optimised Friendship Bench (OptFB)

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. e045481
Author(s):  
Ruth Verhey ◽  
Charmaine Chitiyo ◽  
Sandra Ngonidzashe Mboweni ◽  
Ephraim Chiriseri ◽  
Dixon Chibanda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Randomised Controlled

IntroductionCommon mental disorders (CMDs) are a leading cause of disability globally. CMDs are highly prevalent in Zimbabwe and have been addressed by an evidence-based, task-shifting psychological intervention called the Friendship Bench (FB). The task-shifted FB programme guides clients through problem-solving therapy. It was scaled up across 36 implementation sites in Zimbabwe in 2016.Methods and analysisThis study will employ a mixed-method framework. It aims to: (1) use quantitative survey methodologies organised around the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption and Implementation and Maintenance evaluation framework to assess the current scaleup of the FB intervention and classify 36 clinics according to levels of performance; (2) use qualitative focus group discussions and semistructured interviews organised around the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to analyse determinants of implementation success, as well as elucidate heterogeneity in implementation strategies through comparing high-performing and low-performing clinics; and (3) use the results from aims 1 and 2 to develop strategies to optimise the Friendship Bench intervention and apply this model in a cluster randomised controlled trial to evaluate potential improvements among low-performing clinics. The trial will be registered with the Pan African Clinical Trial Registry (www.pactr.org). The planned randomised controlled trial for the third research aim will be registered after completing aims one and two because the intervention is dependent on knowledge generated during these phases.Ethics and disseminationThe research protocol received full authorisation from the Medical Research Council of Zimbabwe (MRCZ A/242). It is anticipated that changes in data collection tools and consent forms will take place at all three phases of the study and approval from MRCZ will be sought. All interview partners will be asked for informed consent. The research team will prioritise open-access publications to disseminate research results.

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