scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of the Extracts from Leaves and Stems of Polygonum odoratum Lour

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nittaya Chansiw ◽  
Kamonnaree Chotinantakul ◽  
Somdet Srichairatanakool
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Stem Extract ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Polygonum odoratum is an indigenous vegetable that has been used as a favoring agent and also used as a Thai traditional medicine to treat flatulence. </P><P> Objective: To analyze active ingredients, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents, antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities from leaf and stem extracts of P. odoratum. </P><P> Methods: Leaves and stems were dried and extracted by using methanol, dichloromethane and water for obtaining Methanolic Leaf Extract (MLE), Methanolic Stem Extract (MTE), Dichloromethane Leaf Extract (DLE), Dichloromethane Stem Extract (DTE), Water Leaf Extract (WLE) and Water Stem Extract (WTE). The extracts were quantified for total phenolic and total flavonoid contents by spectrophotometry and active compounds were analyzed by using GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was determined by ABTS and DPPH radicals scavenging assays. Anti-inflammatory activity was tested by the inhibition of nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells induced by lipopolysaccharide. </P><P> Results: The DLE exhibited the most potent anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting nitric oxide production in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 53.75&#177;0.72 &#181;g/mL). MLE exhibited strong antioxidant activity and contained the highest concentration of phenolic compounds (52.59&#177;0.58 mg gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and flavonoid (19.97+0.11 mg quercetin equivalent/g extract). E-15-Heptadecenal and 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-2- hexadecen-1-ol were found predominantly in the methanol extracts. </P><P> Conclusion: The leaf extract of P. odoratum showed potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, mediated by DLE and MLE, respectively.

Phytochemical screening, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf extracts from Lawsonia inermis of Indian origin to explore its potential for medicinal uses

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anju Manuja ◽  
Nitu Rathore ◽  
Shalki Chaudhary ◽  
Balvinder Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cytotoxic Effect ◽  
Vero Cells ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Indian Origin ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Lawsonia inermis Linn popularly known as the Henna has played an important role in ayurvedic or natural herbal medicines. The presence of phyto-constituents in henna, that may affect the animal or human health adversely, need to be elucidated for L. inermis Linn species grown in India. Introduction: Introduction: The aim of this research was to perform phytochemical, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory studies to understand the potential of leaves of Lawsonia inermis of Indian origin to provide a way forward for therapeutic use in medicine. Methods: We assessed the phytochemical profile for presence of phyto-constituents (alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, steroids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, proteins/amino acids and gums/mucilage) from various extracts of the plant leaves’. The extracts were further purified by column chromatography for the isolation of plant constituents and monitored by TLC, analyzed by Fourier transform infrared FT-IR spectroscopy, H1NMR, and GC-MS analysis. Fractions were assessed for cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory properties at various concentrations. We assessed the anti-inflammatory activity by nitric oxide production in various leaf extracts determined by Griess assay. Results: All the spectral results suggest that the compounds from the extract contain aromatic nucleus and OH group along with methoxy group, allyl as well as vinyl group. Fractions of chloroform/methanolic (7:3) leaf extract of Lawsonia inermis confirmed the presence of the two constituents i.e. fraxetin and 1(3H)-isobenzofuranone. We observed significant difference in cytotoxicity at higher concentrations in methanol and chloroform:methanol (8:2) leaf extracts (p>0.05), we could not find any significant differences amongst other leaf extracts at different concentrations. Some leaf extracts have potential cytotoxic activity on vero cells. Reducing the chloroform concentration during extraction decreases the cytotoxic effect on the cells. The nitric oxide levels decreased from 1000 µg/ml concentration to lower concentrations with varying degree. Overall the highest nitric oxide production by CHCl3 (70%)/ MeOH (30%) was observed amongst various fractions at different concentrations. Conclusion: The phytochemical, cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory studies indicating the potential of leaves of the plant to provide a way further for their use in medicine. Fraxetin 1(3H)-isobenzofuranone structures were confirmed in fractions of CHCl3 (70%)/ MeOH (30%) extract as observed as a potent constituents. Some leaf extracts have potential cytotoxic activity on vero cells. Reducing the chloroform concentration during extraction decreases the cytotoxic effect on the cells.The cytotoxicity studies indicates the presence of cytotoxic compounds in some of these extracts, warranting research for fabrication of suitable formulations comprising these constituents to reduce its dose/toxicity for the use of beneficial effects of the plant components.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antioxidant Potential of Stem and Leaf Extracts of Himalayan Tinospora cordifolia Hook.f. & Thomson

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-8
Author(s):  
Geetanjali Upadhyay ◽  
Lalit M. Tewari ◽  
Geeta Tewari ◽  
Neha Chopra ◽  
Naveen C. Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aluminium Chloride ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Stem Extract

Background: Medicinal plants are considered a rich source of ingredients, which can be used in drug development and synthesis. Tinospora cordifolia (Wild.) Hook.f. & Thomson, commonly known as guduchi, heart-leaved moonseed and giloya is a herbaceous vine of the family Menispermaceae, has several beneficial properties including antioxidant activity. Aim: The present study was carried out to analyze the antioxidant activity of leaf and stem extracts of Tinospora cordifolia by using DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2´-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) free radical scavenging assays. Materials and Methods: Dried and powdered leaves and stem of T. cordifolia were extracted with methanol. Ascorbic acid was taken as standard. Total phenolic content was estimated by using Folin-ciocalteu's reagent while total flavonoid content by aluminium chloride reagent to find the correlation of polyphenols with antioxidant activity. ABTS assay of methanolic leaf and stem extracts showed the highest scavenging activity as compared to the DPPH assay. Results: Methanolic stem extract showed higher phenolic and flavonoid content along with antioxidant activity as compared to the methanolic leaf extract. Conclusion: The stem extract exhibited more antioxidant activity than the leaf extract with regards to the all parameters analyzed.

scholarly journals Assessment of in vitro Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Capacities of Medlar (Mespilus germanica)

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 384-389
Author(s):  
Sebnem Selen ISBILIR ◽  
Sevilay Inal KABALA ◽  
Hulya YAGAR
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Β Carotene

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory effect of different parts of medlar including fruit, leaf and flower bud by using various in vitro methods, and also determination of total phenolic and flavonoid content in the samples. Ethanol extracts of medlar parts were prepared and their antioxidant activities were determined using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH•) scavenging and β-carotene bleaching methods. The leaf extract showed the strongest antioxidant activity. DPPHradical scavenging activity was in the order of BHA > leaf > bud > fruit. This ordering was the same for β-carotene bleaching activity, tocopherol > leaf > bud > fruit. The highest total phenolic (60.3 ± 1.69 mg GAE g-1 extract) and flavonoid (14.77 ± 1.15 mg QE g-1 extract) content were determined in leaf extract. For possible antidiabetic effects of extracts, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were investigated, the bud extract showed the highest inhibition activities among the all extracts.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Cauliflower According to Heat Treatment Method (P06-074-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun-Sun Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Cooking Methods ◽  
Cruciferous Vegetables ◽  
Total Polyphenol ◽  
Health Promoting

Abstract Objectives Cauliflower is one of the cruciferous vegetables and contains various physiologically active substances such as glucosinolates, polyphenols, and flavonoids. Unlike ordinary vegetables, cruciferous vegetables are often consumed by cooking through heat treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different heating procedures, in particular steaming and boiling, on glucosinolate, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid concentrations in cauliflower. In addition, antioxidant activity was compared between fresh uncooked, steamed, and boiled cauliflower, which are the main methods of preparing cauliflower before consumption. Methods Glucosinolates in uncooked, steamed, and boiled cauliflower were subjected to high-pressure liquid chromatography. Total phenolic and total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities in cauliflower extracted in both water and 80% ethanol were determined. Results Eight glucosinolate peaks were detected in cauliflower representing glucoiberin, progoitrin, glucoraphanin, sinigrin, gluconapin, glucoiberverin, glucobrassicin, and gluconasturtiin. Boiling cauliflower significantly decreased the glucosinolate, total polyphenol, and total flavonoid concentrations compared to those of uncooked or steamed cauliflower. The results clearly indicated that health-promoting compounds in cauliflower are significantly affected by different cooking methods, showing that uncooked > steamed > boiled. The amounts of total polyphenols and total flavonoids contained within uncooked cauliflower extracted by 80% ethanol were higher than those in the steamed and boiled extracts. The highest antioxidant activity was observed in uncooked cauliflower extracted in 80% ethanol compared to that of water extracts at the same concentration. Steamed and boiled cauliflower extracts showed lower antioxidant activity. Conclusions Based on these results, fresh uncooked cauliflower is optimal in terms of the content of health-promoting compounds and antioxidant activity. It may be desirable to use steaming rather than boiling to minimize the loss of glucosinolates when storing, pretreating, processing, and cooking cruciferous vegetables. Funding Sources This research was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea.

scholarly journals Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Biological Activities of Extracts and Isolated Compounds of Cytisus villosus Pourr.

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farida Larit ◽  
Francisco León ◽  
Samira Benyahia ◽  
Stephen Cutler
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Phenolic And Flavonoid

The aim of this study was to evaluate the total phenolic and flavonoid content, and the in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, cytotoxicity, and antiprotozoal activities of the Algerian plant Cytisus villosus Pourr. (Syn. Cytisus triflorus L’Hérit.). Additionally, the radioligand displacement affinity on opioid and cannabinoid receptors was assessed for the extracts and isolated pure compounds. The hydro alcoholic extract of the aerial part of C. villosus was partitioned with chloroform (CHCl3), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol (n-BuOH). The phenolic content of the C. villosus extracts was evaluated using a modified Folin–Ciocalteau method. The total flavonoid content was measured spectrometrically using the aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The known flavonoids genistein (1), chrysin (2), chrysin-7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), and 2″-O-α-l-rhamnosylorientin (4) were isolated. The antioxidant activities of the extracts and isolated compounds were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DDPH) and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assays. The plant extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity. EtOAc and n-BuOH extracts showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with IC50 values of 48 and 90 µg/mL, respectively. The isolated pure compounds 1 and 3 showed good inhibition of Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) with IC50 values of 9 and 20 µg/mL, respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited lower inhibition of Nuclear Factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) with IC50 values of 28 and 38 µg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, the extracts and isolated pure compounds have been shown to exhibit low affinity for cannabinoid and opioid receptors. Finally, n-BuOH extract was a potent inhibitor of Trypanosoma brucei with IC50 value of 7.99 µg/mL and IC90 value of 12.61 µg/mL. The extracts and isolated compounds showed no antimicrobial, antimalarial nor antileishmanial activities. No cytotoxic effect was observed on cancer cell lines. The results highlight this species as a promising source of anti-inflammatory and antitrypanosomal agents.

Anti-inflammatory effect and inhibition of nitric oxide production by targeting COXs and iNOS enzymes with the 1,2-diphenylbenzimidazole pharmacophore

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 115427
Author(s):  
Mónica I. García-Aranda ◽  
Jazmin E. Gonzalez-Padilla ◽  
Carlos Z. Gómez-Castro ◽  
Yolanda M. Gómez-Gómez ◽  
Martha C. Rosales-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Production ◽  
Oxide Production ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Effect
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