scholarly journals BPA and Nutraceuticals, Simultaneous Effects on Endocrine Functions

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 594-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania D'Angelo ◽  
Marika Scafuro ◽  
Rosaria Meccariello
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Endogenous Hormones ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is worldwide diffused as a monomer of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics and has recognized activity as Endocrine Disruptor (ED). It is capable to interfere or compete with endogenous hormones in many physiological activities thus having adverse outcomes on health. Diet highly affects health status and in addition to macronutrients, provides a large number of substances with recognized pro-heath activity, and thus called nutraceuticals. Objective: This mini-review aims at summarizing the possible opposite and simultaneous effects of BPA and nutraceuticals on endocrine functions. The possibility that diet may represent the first instrument to preserve health status against BPA damages has been discussed. Methods: The screening of recent literature in the field has been carried out. Results: The therapeutic and anti-oxidant properties of many nutraceuticals may reverse the adverse health effects of BPA. Conclusion: In vitro and in vivo studies provided evidence that nutraceuticals can preserve the health. Thus, the use of nutraceuticals can be considered a support for clinical treatment. In conclusion, dietary remediation may represent a successful therapeutic approach to maintain and preserve health against BPA damage.

scholarly journals Genotoxicity of Metal Nanoparticles: Focus on In Vivo Studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Klien ◽  
Jasminka Godnić-Cvar
Keyword(s):  
Metal Nanoparticles ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Genotoxic Effects ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Study Results

Genotoxicity of Metal Nanoparticles: Focus on In Vivo StudiesWith increasing production and application of a variety of nanomaterials (NMs), research on their cytotoxic and genotoxic potential grows, as the exposure to these nano-sized materials may potentially result in adverse health effects. In large part, indications for potential DNA damaging effects of nanoparticles (NPs) originate from inconsistent in vitro studies. To clarify these effects, the implementation of in vivo studies has been emphasised. This paper summarises study results of genotoxic effects of NPs, which are available in the recent literature. They provide indications that some NP types cause both DNA strand breaks and chromosomal damages in experimental animals. Their genotoxic effects, however, do not depend only on particle size, surface modification (particle coating), and exposure route, but also on exposure duration. Currently available animal studies may suggest differing mechanisms (depending on the duration of exposure) by which living organisms react to NP contact. Nevertheless, due to considerable inconsistencies in the recent literature and the lack of standardised test methods - a reliable hazard assessment of NMs is still limited. Therefore, international organisations (e.g. NIOSH) suggest utmost caution when potential exposure of humans to NMs occurs, as long as evidence of their toxicological and genotoxic effect(s) is limited.

Pharmacological Applications of Saffron (Crocus sativus)

2020 ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Priyanka Singh
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Crocus Sativus ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Properties ◽  
The Family ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Tumour Activity ◽  
Different Parts

Saffron spice also known as Crocus sativus (Saffron crocus) belongs to the family of iridaceae. Many studies have proved its potential role in disease eradication. It has been reported to possess the attributes of a sedative, an anti-asthma, an emmenagogue, an expectorant, and an adaptogenic agent. Crocin, crocetin, and safranal are the most important biochemically active ingredients that were found in different parts of the plants in varying proportions like the peels, fruits, seeds, and rind of Crocus sativus. The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that saffron has got its therapeutic implication in health management via anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumour activity. This review attempts to reveal the potential pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus. It also draws attention towards the use of herbs and spices in various ailments without facing the harmful side effects of chemically derived medicine.

scholarly journals Impact of Seaweed-derived Xanthophyll Carotenoid on Obesity Management: Overview of the Last Decade

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oyindamola Vivian Ojulari ◽  
Seul Gi Lee ◽  
Ju-Ock Nam
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Published Research

Present-day lifestyles associated with high calorie-fat intake and accumulation, as well as energy imbalance, has led to the development of obesity and its comorbidities, which have emerged as some of the major health issues globally. To combat the disease, many studies have reported the anti-obesity effects of natural compounds in foods, with some advantages over chemical treatments. Carotenoids, particularly xanthophyll derived from seaweeds, have attracted the attention of researchers due to their notable biological activities, which are associated mainly with their antioxidant properties. Their involvement in oxidative stress modulation, regulation of major transcription factors and enzymes as well as their antagonistic effects on various obesity parameters have been examined in both in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The present review is a collation of published research over the last decade on the anti-oxidant properties of seaweed xanthophyll carotenoids, with a focus on fucoxanthin and astaxanthin and their mechanisms of action in obesity prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Recent Advances on the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-oxidant properties of Red Grape Polyphenols: In Vitro and in Vivo Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea Magrone ◽  
Manrico Magrone ◽  
Matteo Antonio Russo ◽  
Emilio Jirillo
Keyword(s):  
T Regulatory Cells ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Regulatory Cells ◽  
Grape Polyphenols ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Red Grape

In this review, special emphasis will be placed on red grape polyphenols for their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, their capacity to inhibit major pathways responsible for activation of oxidative systems and expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines will be discussed. Furthermore, regulation of immune cells by polyphenols will be illustrated with special reference to the activation of T regulatory cells which support a tolerogenic pathway at intestinal level. Furthermore, the effects of red grape polyphenols will be analyzed in obesity, as a low grade systemic inflammation. Also, possible modifications of inflammatory bowel disease biomarkers and clinical course have been studied upon polyphenol administration, either in animal models or in clinical trials. Moreover, the ability of polyphenols to cross the blood-brain barrier has been exploited to investigate their neuroprotective properties. In cancer, polyphenols seem to exert several beneficial effects, even if conflicting data are reported about their influence on T regulatory cells. Finally, the effects of polyphenols have been evaluated in experimental models of allergy and autoimmune diseases. Conclusively, red grape polyphenols are endowed with a great anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory potential but some issues, such as polyphenol bioavailability, activity of metabolites and interaction with microbiota, deserve deeper studies.

scholarly journals Preparation and characterization of Pomegranate for Cough Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2227-2233
Author(s):  
Mr. Chate Mahesh Madhukar
Keyword(s):  
Health Management ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Abstract: Pomegranates fruits have innumerable health benefits and its implication in diseases cure have been widely recognized since ancient time. Moreover, pomegranate fruits, seeds and peels are intensively used in traditional medicine as a natural therapy. It contains numerous valuable ingredients such as flavonoids, ellagitannin, punicalagin, ellagic acid, vitamins and minerals. The principal constituents including punicalagins and ellagitannin are responsible for immeasurable health benefits due to its strong antioxidant activity. Additionally, constituents of pomegranate show health promoting effect through the modulation of physiological and biochemical pathways. Recent evidences suggested that pomegranates fruits, peels and seeds illustrate therapeutics implications in health management via inhibition of free radical effect and modulation of enzymes activity linked with diseases development and progression. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic role of pomegranate fruits, seeds and peels in the health managements based on in vitro and in vivo studies. Keywords: Pomegranates, Anti-oxidant, Anti-inflammatory effect, Heptoprotective effect, Neuroprotective effect and antimicrobial effects.

scholarly journals Lactoferrin: Cytokine Modulation and Application in Clinical Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 5482
Author(s):  
Santiago Presti ◽  
Sara Manti ◽  
Giuseppe Fabio Parisi ◽  
Maria Papale ◽  
Ignazio Alberto Barbagallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Evidence Based Treatment ◽  
Cytokine Modulation ◽  
Safe Option ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Multiple properties of lactoferrin have been reported in the literature so far. Decades of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the important antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and immunomodulating properties. It suggests the use of lactoferrin as an effective and safe option for the treatment of several common disorders. Herein, we show the applications of lactoferrin in clinical practice, highlighting its evidence-based capacities for the treatment of heterogeneous disorders, such as allergic, gastrointestinal, and respiratory diseases, and hematologic, oncologic, gynecologic, dermatologic, and dental disorders. Moreover, the widespread use of lactoferrin in neonatology is summarized here. As a result of its antiviral properties, lactoferrin has also been proposed as a valid option for the treatment for COVID-19 patients. Here, the uses of lactoferrin in clinical practice as a new, safe, and evidence-based treatment for many types of disorders are summarized.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Fucoidan: A Review on Recent Studies

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibusiso Luthuli ◽  
Siya Wu ◽  
Yang Cheng ◽  
Xiaoli Zheng ◽  
Mingjiang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Biological Structure ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Future Therapy

Fucoidan is a polysaccharide largely made up of l-fucose and sulfate groups. Fucoidan is favorable worldwide, especially amongst the food and pharmaceutical industry as a consequence of its promising therapeutic effects. Its applaudable biological functions are ascribed to its unique biological structure. Classical bioactivities associated with fucoidan include anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-coagulant, anti-thrombotic, immunoregulatory, anti-viral and anti-inflammatory effects. More recently, a variety of in vitro and in vivo studies have been carried out to further highlight its therapeutic potentials. This review focuses on the progress towards understanding fucoidan and its biological activities, which may be beneficial as a future therapy. Hence, we have summarized in vitro and in vivo studies that were done within the current decade. We expect this review and a variety of others can contribute as a theoretical basis for understanding and inspire further product development of fucoidan.

scholarly journals A Review on Ethnopharmacological Applications and Pharmacological Activities of Leea macrophylla

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Plants are used as a potential source of medicines since the prehistoric period. Medicinal plants are the richest bio-resource of drugs of a number of traditional systems of medicines. Medicinal plants can also be used as nutraceuticals, food supplements, folk medicines, pharmaceutical intermediates, and chemical entities for synthetic drugs. A good number of researches on medicinal plants have enriched the science of modern medicine over the last decades. Leea macrophylla (Leeaceae) locally known as ‘Hastikarna palasa’ is a shrub that has been used in herbal medicine as a cure for a number of disorders. Several studies have proven that the plant possesses potential antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuropharmacological and anti-diabetic activities. Tribal communities used the plant parts as a remedy for a number of ailments as well as nutritional products. Established in-vitro and in-vivo studies were conducted to get evidence of pharmacological activities of the plant parts. This review paper focuses on the phytopharmacological activities and traditional uses of the plant which may help further research activities on L. macrophylla by giving up-to-date information about the plant.

scholarly journals Cissus quadrangularis has anti‐oxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties: in vitro and in vivo studies (922.15)

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Navarro ◽  
Joanna Espinosa ◽  
Kishore Das ◽  
Bahram Faraji ◽  
Wendy Innis‐Whitehouse ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Cissus Quadrangularis ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

scholarly journals Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals Use Distinct Mechanisms of Action to Modulate Endocrine System Function

Endocrinology ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 147 (6) ◽  
pp. s25-s32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek V. Henley ◽  
Kenneth S. Korach
Keyword(s):  
Biological Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting

Abstract The term endocrine-disrupting chemicals is used to define a structurally diverse class of synthetic and natural compounds that possess the ability to alter various components of the endocrine system and potentially induce adverse health effects in exposed individuals and populations. Research on these compounds has revealed that they use a variety of both nuclear receptor-mediated and non-receptor-mediated mechanisms to modulate different components of the endocrine system. This review will describe in vitro and in vivo studies that highlight the spectrum of unique mechanisms of action and biological effects of four endocrine-disrupting chemicals–diethylstilbestrol, genistein, di(n-butyl)phthalate, and methoxyacetic acid–to illustrate the diverse and complex nature of this class of compounds.

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