The Effects of 8 Weeks of Levothyroxine Replacement Treatment on Metabolic and Anthropometric Indices of Insulin Resistance in Hypothyroid Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 745-752
Author(s):  
Roya Pasandideh ◽  
Seyed M. Hosseini ◽  
Gholamreza Veghari ◽  
Sharebeh Hezarkhani
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Replacement Treatment ◽  
Levothyroxine Replacement ◽  
Metabolic Indices ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. IR predisposes to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Meanwhile, little evidence exists about the effect of levothyroxine replacement treatment (LRT) on IR in hypothyroid patients. Objective: To investigate metabolic and anthropometric indices of IR in hypothyroid patients before and after 8 weeks of LRT. Methods: This pre-post study evaluated the 8 weeks outcomes of LRT on 66 patients with recently diagnosed hypothyroidism. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), body fat percent (BF%), free thyroxin (FT4), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting plasma levels of glucose (FPG) and insulin. Sex- specific cut offs of two metabolic indices i.e. the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were used for IR diagnosis. The changes in TyG and HOMA were also compared after LRT. Results: Participants were overt and subclinical hypothyroidism 71% and 29%, respectively. After LRT the mean values of the following anthropometric indices significantly decreased: weight (79.61 vs. 78.64), BMI (29.53 vs. 29.2), WC (98.25 vs. 97.39) and BF% (35.34 vs. 34.95). After LRT the HOMA and TyG had no significant changes relative to their initial values. Also, IR that was determined on the basis of these metabolic indices more commonly observed in participants. Conclusion: Despite decreasing some anthropometric indices, the diagnosis of IR based on metabolic indices increased following 8 weeks LRT in hypothyroid cases.

scholarly journals Estimation of Serum Homeostasis Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Beta-thalassemia Major Patients and their Correlation with Iron Overload in Koya City

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Kochar K. Saleh ◽  
Saman R. Abdullah ◽  
Rukhosh E. Mekha
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Thalassemia Major ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean

The current study focused on 43 patients who suffer from major beta-thalassemia at the hospital of shaheed Dr. Khaled in the Koya city. Out range, age of cases was 8.03 ± 4.0 and of controls was 7.81 ± 3.11 years. Our aim is to observe the prevalence of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance and other physiological and biochemical changes in major beta-thalassemia. While we a significant changes confirm that serum glucose concentration was significantly higher in the patients than in the controls (P ≤ 0.01) and lipid abnormality occurs in beta-thalassemia major patients, which include high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), serum total cholesterol (TC), serum triglycerides (TG), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels compared with normal healthy controls. There was no significant difference between the serum insulin level of cases and controls (P = 0.214), the mean values of serum HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, and VLDL in cases were 29.5 ± 7.8, 65.2 ± 1.9, 121.9 ± 36.7, 182.09 ± 43.1, and 26.47 ± 12.13 mg/dl, respectively. Moreover, the mean values of serum HDL-C, LDL-C, TC, TG, and VLDL in controls were 48.6 ± 4.2, 79.7 ± 14.5, 178.7 ± 14.6, 124.14 ± 12.1, and 23.52 ± 5.47 mg/dl, respectively. In conclusion, the results suggested that revealed that beta-thalassemia patients had hypertriglyceridemia, hypocholesterolemia, and low LDL-C, and HDL-C levels.

scholarly journals The Changes of Cholesterol Profile at the Different Insulin Resistance Range in the Czech Republic

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Vladimír Kron ◽  
Miroslav Verner ◽  
Pavel Smetana ◽  
Dagmar Horáková ◽  
Jan Šlégr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

Background and Objectives: The mechanism of the relationship between glycemia and lipid metabolism has not been completely clarified, and slight differences may be found between authors and the kinds of evaluated parameters. Therefore, this study focused on possible changes of lipoprotein profile with regards to HOMA IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance) cut-off 3.63, considered a signal of glucose metabolism alterations. Materials and Methods: The metabolic profiles of 3051 individuals were divided by HOMA IR values into two groups below cut-off 3.63, including (n = 2627) and above cut-off (n = 424). Patients taking medication or supplements to affect lipid, insulin, or glucose metabolism were excluded. Fasting glucose levels, insulin, and lipoproteins (total, HDL—high density and LDL—low density lipoprotein cholesterol) were compared between the groups with different HOMA IR. After analysis of data distribution, F-test and t-test were provided to compare variances and mean values. Results: The evaluation shows that the kind of cholesterol is crucial for a possible relationship with glucose metabolism and consequently confirms the changes of lipoproteins (HDL and LDL) by HOMA IR cut-off 3.63. Conclusions: The results of patients divided by HOMA IR cut-off 3.63 also suggest possible changes in the regulation of glucose metabolism and lipoprotein concentrations (HDL and LDL).

scholarly journals Depression and cardiovascular risk—association among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 levels and insulin resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Macchi ◽  
C. Favero ◽  
A. Ceresa ◽  
L. Vigna ◽  
D. M. Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment

Abstract Background Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the most common causes of disability in high-income countries, depression being associated with a 30% increased risk of future CV events. Depression is twice as common in people with diabetes and is associated with a 60% rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, an independent CVD risk factor. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been related to a large number of CV risk factors, including insulin resistance. Aim of this study was to investigate whether the presence of depression could affect PCSK9 levels in a population of obese subjects susceptible to depressive symptoms and how these changes may mediate a pre-diabetic risk. Results In 389 obese individuals, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was significantly associated with PCSK9 levels. For every one-unit increment in BDI-II score, PCSK9 rose by 1.85 ng/mL. Depression was associated also with the HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance), 11% of this effect operating indirectly via PCSK9. Conclusions This study indicates a possible mechanism linking depression and insulin resistance, a well-known CV risk factor, providing evidence for a significant role of PCSK9.

scholarly journals Depression and Cardiovascular Risk - Association Among Beck Depression Inventory, PCSK9 Levels and Insulin Resistance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Macchi ◽  
Chiara Favero ◽  
Alessandro Ceresa ◽  
Luisella Vigna ◽  
Diana Misaela Conti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment

Abstract Background. Depression and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are among the most common causes of disability in high-income countries, depression being associated with a 30% increased risk of future CV events. Depression is twice as common in people with diabetes and is associated with a 60% rise in the incidence of type 2 diabetes, an independent CVD risk factor. Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9), a key regulator of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, has been related to a large number of CV risk factors, including insulin resistance. Aim of this study was to investigate whether in a population of obese subjects, more susceptible to depressive symptoms, the presence of depression could affect PCSK9 levels and how these changes may mediate a pre-diabetic risk. Results. In 389 obese individuals, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) was significantly associated with PCSK9 levels. For every one-unit increment in BDI-II score, PCSK9 rose by 1.85 ng/mL. Depression was associated also with the HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment index of insulin resistance), 11% of this effect operating indirectly via PCSK9. Conclusions. This study indicates a possible mechanism linking depression and insulin resistance, a well-known CV risk factor, providing evidence for a significant role of PCSK9.

scholarly journals A Study of the Association Between IL-17 and HOMA-IR in Iraqi Type 2 Diabetic Patients

2020 ◽  
pp. 491-498
Author(s):  
Khetam M. Abbas ◽  
Shakir .F. T. Alaaraji ◽  
Refif Sabih Al–Shawk
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Age Range

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is the furthermost common form of DM which is identified by hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and relative insulin deficiency. This study aims to detect the role of interleukin-17 (IL-17) in patients with T2DM compared with the healthy control and to investigate the relationship between IL-17 and insulin resistance. The study involved 50 Iraqi T2DM patients, randomly selected with an age range of 33-71 years .For the purpose of comparison, 30 Iraqi healthy persons with an age range of 33-71 years were also included. Patients and control groups were characterized in terms of gender, age, body mass index (BMI), homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance(HOMA-IR),fasting serum glucose (FSG) and lipid profile. The means of IL-17 (368.45 vs. 128.50 pg/ml), HOMA-IR (7.94vs. 2.14),FSG (152.82 vs. 81.53 mg/dl), fasting serum insulin (FSI) level (19.37 vs. 10.71 μIU/ml), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL),and Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) were significantly higher in T2DM patients as compared to controls. While, levels of Total Cholesterol (TC)and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL)showed non-significant differences. In conclusion, IL-17 seems to play a significant role as a risk factor for the development of T2DM.Also, higher (HOMA-IR) gives rise to a hyperglycemic state and is a major risk factor for the development of T2DM.

Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Shalini Chandra ◽  
Amritanshu Shekhar ◽  
Hariom K Singh ◽  
Iram Shaifali ◽  
Darshan Mehra
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overt Hypothyroidism ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Levothyroxine Replacement ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients

ABSTRACT Objective The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism, both subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH), its correlation with dyslipidemia, and whether replacement therapy with levothyroxine has an effect on plasma lipid profile, i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of hypothyroid patients. Materials and methods A prospective, open-label, observational, clinical study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with the Department of Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, for a period of 10 months. A total of 50 patients, age 18 to 65 years, of both genders, who were newly diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism with dyslipidemia (Adult Treatment Panel III National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) were recruited for the study. Levothyroxine replacement therapy was administered and the patients were reassessed at 6 and 36 weeks for an effect on lipid profile and body mass index. Results In cases of OH, baseline TC, TG, LDL, and HDL were 231.01 ± 27.84, 148.18 ± 10.72, 149.07 ± 12.38, and 35.42 ± 6.73 mg/dL, which was reduced to 177.33 ± 23.17, 123.15 ± 29.50, 118.44 ± 29.85, and 47.86 ± 8.53 mg/dL after 36 weeks of levothyroxine therapy (p < 0.05). Conclusion In cases of OH associated with dyslipidemia, levothyroxine therapy achieved a favorable lipid profile in significant number of cases. How to cite this article Shekhar A, Singh HK, Chandra S, Shaifali I, Mehra D. Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):107-110.

Apolipoprotein B48: a novel marker of metabolic risk in overweight children?

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M.U. Nzekwu ◽  
G.D.C. Ball ◽  
M.M. Jetha ◽  
C. Beaulieu ◽  
S.D. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Apolipoprotein B48 ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Resistance Score

Clinical studies in adults indicate there is a positive and significant association between insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, fasting intestinally derived lipoproteins [via apoB48 (apolipoprotein B48)] and visceral fat. All of these factors contribute to increased risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). Since little is known about postprandial dyslipidaemia in overweight children, we sought to compare fasting levels of apoB48 with the HOMA-IR (homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) score, classic lipid profile and VAT (visceral adipose tissue). Pre-pubertal, overweight boys and girls were recruited from the wider-Edmonton area (Alberta). Body composition was determined using both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Fasting apoB48 was quantified in plasma using an adapted SDS/PAGE immunoblotting technique, and insulin, glucose, TC (total cholesterol), TAG (triacylglycerol), LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) were determined by calorimetric assay. In this overweight sample, we observed elevated fasting apoB48 concentrations, greater than the normal adult range. In addition, apoB48 was significantly related to HOMA-IR and TAG levels. Although apoB48 was positively correlated with TC and LDL and negatively associated with HDL, these relationships did not achieve significance. Our ongoing MRI analysis reveals a positive relationship between apoB48 and VAT volume. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report apoB48 concentrations in overweight pre-pubertal children. Thus this article will provide a brief rationale for our study and its methodology.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF SOME ANTHROPOMETRIC INDICES AND INDICES OF INSULIN RESISTANCE IN PATIENTS WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS ON THE BACKGROUND OF OBESITY AND OSTEOARTHRITIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 746-750
Author(s):  
Oksana S. Khukhlina ◽  
Oksana D. Liakhovych ◽  
Ludmila V. Kaniovska ◽  
Olena V. Kaushanska ◽  
Alona A. Antoniv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Mass Group ◽  
Group 2

The aim: To estimate the diagnostic and predictive value of anthropometric indices indicating obesity and glycemic parameters in the progression of NASH due to comorbidity with OA and OB. Materials and methods: 90 patients were examined and distributed into three groups: group 1 included patients suffering from OA, grade II-III according to Kellgren and Lawrense classification, with normal body mass, group 2 -patients with NASH and obesity without OA, group 3 -patients with OA, NASH and obesity. The control group consisted of 30 healthy individuals of the corresponding age. Results: There was a correlation between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This fact was confirmed by the evidence that under the influence of IR there was an increase in the level of lipoproteins enriched in triglycerides, the concentration of cholesterol of low density lipoprotein and reduction in level cholesterol of high density lipoprotein, which led to the progression of the clinical course of NASH. It was established that anthropometric indices of patients with comorbid flow of NASH, OA and OB were significantly (p <0.05) higher than in experimental groups. A positive correlation was found between some anthropometric indices and the following glycemic parameters: fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR suggested that insulin resistance contributed to the growth of glycated compounds leading not only to the progression of NASH and affect the dysfunction of chondrocytes, but also influencing destruction of subchondral bone in osteoarthritis. Conclusions: The outcomes of the study result in the necessity of studying the metabolic status in patients with a comorbid progression of NASH, OB and OA for timely correction of the revealed disorders, which will reduce the run of NAFLD.

scholarly journals Baseline Insulin Resistance Is a Determinant of the Small, Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Response to Diets Differing in Saturated Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrate Contents

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4328
Author(s):  
Xiuzhi Wu ◽  
Michael A. Roussell ◽  
Alison M. Hill ◽  
Penny M. Kris-Etherton ◽  
Rosemary L. Walzem
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Fractional Abundance ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
Lipoprotein Response

Individual responses to diet vary but causes other than genetics are poorly understood. This study sought to determine whether baseline values of homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) was related to changes in small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL, i.e., LDL4, d = 1.044–1.063 g/mL) amounts quantified by isopycnic density profiling, in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects (n = 27) consuming one of three low saturated fatty acid (SFA) diets: Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), Beef in an Optimal Lean Diet (BOLD) and BOLD plus extra protein (BOLD+) when compared to a higher-SFA healthy American diet (HAD). The diets were consumed in random order for 5 wk, with 1 wk between diets. BOLD+ reduced fractional abundance (%) LDL4 (p < 0.05) relative to HAD, DASH and BOLD, and reductions in % LDL4 correlated with reductions in triglycerides (p = 0.044), total cholesterol (p = 0.014), LDL cholesterol (p = 0.004) and apolipoprotein B (p < 0.001). Responses to the four diets were similar (~12% decrease in % LDL4, p = 0.890) in the lower (<2.73 median) HOMA-IR subgroup but differed across diet conditions in the higher HOMA-IR subgroup (p = 0.013), in which % LDL4 was reduced with BOLD+ (−11%), was unchanged in BOLD and increased with the HAD (8%) and DASH (6%) diets (p < 0.05 for BOLD+ vs. HAD). Individual responses to diet interventions are influenced by presence and degree of insulin resistance as measured by HOMA-IR.

scholarly journals Cooked Black Turtle Beans Ameliorate Insulin Resistance and Restore Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6J Mice on High-Fat Diets

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1691
Author(s):  
Yuqing Tan ◽  
Christina C. Tam ◽  
Shi Meng ◽  
Yan Zhang ◽  
Priscila Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide ◽  
Interleukin 4 ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glucose Signaling ◽  
Homeostatic Model Assessment ◽  
Ameliorate Insulin Resistance

Colored common beans are associated with health promoting and chronic disease prevention effects. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed high-fat (HF) diets supplemented with cooked black turtle beans (HFB) to prevent obesity related insulin resistance. Mice on both HF and HFB were obese compared to mice fed a low-fat (LF) diet. Plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglyceride concentrations of mice fed HFB diet were 28% and 36.6% lower than those on HF diet. Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index of mice fed HFB diet was 87% lower than that of mice fed HF diet. Diabetes related biomarkers, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), leptin, glucagon, and inflammatory cytokines interleukin 4 (IL-4) and IL-5, 10 and 12, IFN-g and TNF-α were significantly affected by HFB diet. Pparα, Cyp7a1 and Fasn were down-regulated by HFB diet while LDL-R, Srebp-2, Adipoq and Slc2a4 were up-regulated by HFB diet. The ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) was also decreased 64.1% by HFB diet compared to HF diet. The results indicated that cooked black turtle bean consumption could ameliorate insulin resistance and lower plasma LDL in mice fed HF diet through glucose signaling pathway and JNK/c-Jun pathway. Meanwhile, cooked black turtle bean consumption restored the gut microbiome.

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