Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia

ABSTRACT Objective The aims of the present study were to determine the prevalence of hypothyroidism, both subclinical hypothyroidism (SH) and overt hypothyroidism (OH), its correlation with dyslipidemia, and whether replacement therapy with levothyroxine has an effect on plasma lipid profile, i.e., total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) of hypothyroid patients. Materials and methods A prospective, open-label, observational, clinical study was conducted by the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with the Department of Medicine, Rohilkhand Medical College & Hospital, for a period of 10 months. A total of 50 patients, age 18 to 65 years, of both genders, who were newly diagnosed cases of hypothyroidism with dyslipidemia (Adult Treatment Panel III National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines) were recruited for the study. Levothyroxine replacement therapy was administered and the patients were reassessed at 6 and 36 weeks for an effect on lipid profile and body mass index. Results In cases of OH, baseline TC, TG, LDL, and HDL were 231.01 ± 27.84, 148.18 ± 10.72, 149.07 ± 12.38, and 35.42 ± 6.73 mg/dL, which was reduced to 177.33 ± 23.17, 123.15 ± 29.50, 118.44 ± 29.85, and 47.86 ± 8.53 mg/dL after 36 weeks of levothyroxine therapy (p < 0.05). Conclusion In cases of OH associated with dyslipidemia, levothyroxine therapy achieved a favorable lipid profile in significant number of cases. How to cite this article Shekhar A, Singh HK, Chandra S, Shaifali I, Mehra D. Effect of Levothyroxine Therapy on Hypothyroidism-induced Dyslipidemia. Int J Adv Integ Med Sci 2017;2(3):107-110.

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Plasma lipid profile of mice fed diet supplemented with broiler fat

Bangladesh Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19380 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 21-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

GB Das ◽

ME Hossain ◽

MA Akbar

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Dietary Treatment ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Blood Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Lipid Profile

This study was conducted with 180 female Swiss albino mice to examine the effects of supplementing broiler fat in the diets of mice on blood lipid profile. Twenty one days old mice were collected from ICDDRB, Mohakhali, Dhaka. They were randomly distributed in four groups having three replications each. Each replicate group had 15 mice. Results revealed that supplementation of broiler fat in mice diet significantly changed (p<0.05) triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) among groups. The control group (T0) had the highest level of cholesterol and LDL. Cholesterol, TG and LDL markedly increased (p<0.05) in all dietary treatment groups, while high density lipoprotein (HDL) significantly (p<0.01) decreased after supplementation of experimental diets. It was concluded that all the dietary treatments in general increased blood cholesterol, TG and LDL in mice fed broiler fat with different oil supplements. However, the soybean and palm oil group was comparatively better than other groups in respect of cholesterol, HDL and LDL at the blood lipid profile of mice. Therefore, it can be concluded that consumption of broiler fat with soybean and palm oil could be less harmful for mice.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v43i1.19380 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2014. 43 (1): 21-24

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Role of Vernonia Amygdalina on Plasma Lipid Profile, Liver and Kidney Enzymes in Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

Sumerianz Journal of Medical and Healthcare ◽

10.47752/sjmh.311.93.102 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 93-102

Author(s):

Gabriel Olukayode Ajayi ◽

Elvis Uchechukwu Obi ◽

Elizabeth Namesegua Elegbeleye ◽

Precious Titilayo Obayemi ◽

Oyindamola Mary Edamisan

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Vernonia Amygdalina ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease which has been associated with liver and kidney injuries, and at the same time affects lipid profiles. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of Vernonia amygdalina (VAM) on plasma lipid profile, liver and kidney enzymes in rats with streptozotocin -induced diabetes. Twenty-five male albino wistar rats weighing between 137 and 223 g were randomly grouped into five of five rats per group as follows: control, diabetic, diabetic + metformin (MET), diabetic + VAM at 150, 300 mg/kg. Diabetes was induced by administration of 45 mg/kg body weight streptozotocin (STZ) dissolved in citrate buffer (0.01 M, pH 4.5) by single intraperitoneal injection. Three days after, when diabetes was confirmed, MET and VAM were administered daily by oral gavage for 7 days. Animals were fasted overnight after the last administration of MET and VAM, sacrificed, blood was collected and plasma prepared for lipid profile estimation. Liver and kidney were collected, weighed, homogenized and supernatants obtained for enzymes and biochemical assays. There were no significant (p>0.05) change in the weights of animal, liver and kidney, liver/rat and kidney/rat ratios, plasma cholesterol (CHOL) concentration, activities of liver and kidney aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and liver and kidney total protein (TPRO) concentrations; significant (p<0.05) decrease in triglyceride (TRIG), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL), very low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL); and significant (p<0.05) increase in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level, kidney GGT, LDH activities, liver and kidney creatinine (CREA) and total bilirubin (TBIL) concentrations of diabetic (STZ) rats compared with normal control. The treatment of the diabetic rats with MET and VAM significantly modulated positively these parameters compared with the diabetic rats. This study further explains the protective role played by VAM in dyslipidaemia, liver and kidney injuries resulting from diabetes.

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Effect of Levothyroxine Replacement on Lipid Profile and Renal Function of Primary and Subclinical Hypothyroid Patients

BIRDEM Medical Journal ◽

10.3329/birdem.v7i3.33778 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 187-193

Author(s):

Ahmed Salam Mir ◽

Zafar Ahmed Latif ◽

SM Ashrafuzzaman ◽

Faria Afsana

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Overt Hypothyroidism ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multiple Systems ◽

Levothyroxine Replacement ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Outpatient Departments ◽

Thyroxine Replacement ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Hypothyroidism is an important endocrine disorder associated with deleterious effects on multiple systems including cardiovascular, musculoskeletal, renal and nervous system. It is established that thyroxine replacement shows improvement in many clinical and biochemical parameters of overt hypothyroidism, but there is scarce data about these disorders in this sub-continent. The present study intends to find out the effect of thyroxine replacement on lipid profile and renal function in hypothyroid patients.Methods: This was an observational cohort study, done in endocrine inpatient and outpatient departments of BIRDEM General Hospital from August 2013 to July 2014. Patients with newly detected hypothyroidism, both primary and subclinical, were selected by convenient sampling. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the clinical and laboratory informations from the patients. Baseline clinical and laboratory informations including lipid profile and serum creatinine were collected and e-GFR was calculated. Then tablet levothyroxine was started at a dose of 25 micrograms/day and adjusted by 12.5-25 micrograms/day dose increments 4-6 weekly till FT4 and TSH were normalized. After 6 months, clinical and biochemical data were collected and e-GFR calculated.Results: Seventy four hypothyroid patients were followed up for 6 months. All the patients became euthyroid during this time with thyroxine replacement (mean daily dose of thyroxine 96.61 ±25.62 micrograms). There was significant improvement in hypothyroid symptoms and significant reduction in weight and systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the patients after thyroxine replacement. There was reduction in total cholesterol (187.66 ±19.90 mg/dl to 164.37±17.49 mg/dl, P<0.001), LDL (P<0.001) and triglycerides (P<0.001) but HDL did not increase significantly (31.93 ±2.99 mg/dl to 31.98 ±2.75 mg/dl, P=0.46). Renal function improved significantly in terms of eGFR (74.78±13.70 ml/min/1.73m2 to 89.23±18.24 ml/min/1.73m2, P<0.001).Conclusion: The present study concludes that there is increased prevalence of dyslipidaemia and renal dysfunction in hypothyroid patients in this cross-sectional population. Adequate replacement of thyroxine can, at least in part, reverse these problems. It also shows significant improvement of the patients with subclinical hypothyroidism, which is regarded by many authors as mild thyroid failure.Birdem Med J 2017; 7(3): 187-193

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Pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients: A cross sectional study

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Journal ◽

10.3329/bsmmuj.v6i2.29133 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 156

Author(s):

K. G. Kibria ◽

M. R. Alam ◽

H. K. Paul ◽

M. Fariduddin ◽

M. A. Hasanat

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Total Cholesterol ◽

Thyroid Function ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Thyroid Function Tests ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Background: An association between thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia prevails. Levels of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides tend to increase as thyroid function declines.Objective: To find out the pattern of dyslipidemia in hypothyroid patients. Methods: Sixty cases were selected as a sample of convenience in this cross sectional study from in-patienl depa1tment of Medicine and Endocrinology, BSMMU. Meticulous history taking and thorough clinical examinations were done. Report of lipid profile and thyroid function tests were recorded from patients file. All the information's were recorded in a pre-designed sttuctured questionnaire. Collected data were classified, edited, coded and entered into the computer for statistical analysis by using SPSS. Results: Among the 60 cases, 43 (72%) were female; 17(28%) were male. Age range was 24-59 years with a mean age of 38.80 (± I 0.35) years. Majority 38(65%) were housewife, followed by service holder 11(18.33%), 08(13.3%) were business men and 02(3.3%) had other occupations. Majority 42(70%) patients were taking thyroxin. Mean Total cholesterol (TC), LDL cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG) and HDL were 222.20(±42.25); 138.63(±31.51); 243.36(±83.13) and 37.30(±5.12) respectably. Conclusion: All hypothyroid subjects had dyslipidemia. The present study indicated that hypothyroidism was associated with an abnormal lipid profile, especially with respect to the levels of total cholesterol and triglyceride.

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Acute Coffee Ingestion Does Not Affect LDL Cholesterol Level

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1345/aph.1g005 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (7-8) ◽

pp. 1209-1213 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Rebecca J Cheung ◽

Eric K Gupta ◽

Matthew K Ito

Keyword(s):

Lipid Analysis ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Open Label ◽

Clinically Significant ◽

To Receive

BACKGROUND Although patients are instructed to abstain from food before having blood drawn for lipid analysis, many still drink coffee in the morning. It is unknown whether coffee consumed prior to drawing blood samples will impact fasting serum lipids. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a single 6-oz cup of coffee with or without the addition of nondairy creamer and sugar will significantly affect fasting plasma lipid profiles. METHODS This was a prospective, open-label, randomized crossover study. At the first of 2 visits, blood was drawn to measure initial fasting lipid panels, and participants were randomized to drink 6 oz of black coffee or coffee with nondairy creamer and sugar. Within 30–60 minutes of coffee consumption, blood was drawn for follow-up lipid panels. The procedure was repeated at the second visit, except the participants were crossed over to receive the alternate coffee preparation. RESULTS Forty participants (26 men; age [mean ± SD] 45 ± 15 y) were enrolled. Total cholesterol (TC) increased from 188.2 ± 38.1 to 191.3 ± 39.9 mg/dL (p = 0.019) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased from 43.2 ± 12.3 to 44.8 ± 12.9 mg/dL (p < 0.001) after consumption of black coffee. Triglycerides decreased from 145.6 ± 123.7 to 136.3 ± 107.1 mg/dL (p = 0.014) after consumption of coffee with nondairy creamer and sugar. Changes in other lipid parameters, such as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in either group, were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS A single cup of coffee consumed within one hour before drawing blood resulted in statistically, but not clinically, significant differences in TC and HDL-C (black coffee) and triglycerides (coffee with creamer and sugar).

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Improvement of Lipid Profile after One-Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Compared to Sleeve Gastrectomy

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13082770 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 2770

Author(s):

Silvia Bettini ◽

Gianni Segato ◽

Luca Prevedello ◽

Roberto Fabris ◽

Chiara Dal Prà ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Gastric Bypass ◽

Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Plasma Lipid ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass ◽

The Difference

Fewer studies compared the improvement of plasma lipid levels after different types of surgery, in particular compared to one-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). The aim of our study was to investigate how laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and OAGB impact on weight loss and lipid profile 18 months after surgery, in patients with severe obesity. Forty-six patients treated with OAGB were matched to eighty-eight patients submitted to LSG. Weight loss after OAGB (33.2%) was more evident than after LSG (29.6%) (p = 0.024). The difference in the prevalence of dyslipidemia showed a statistically significant reduction only after OAGB (61% versus 22%, p < 0.001). After adjustment for delta body mass index (BMI), age and sex, we demonstrated a statistically significant decrease of the differences between the changes before and after (delta Δ) the two surgery procedures: Δ total cholesterol values (p < 0.001), Δ low density lipoprotein-cholesterol values (p < 0.001) and Δ triglycerides values (p = 0.007). Patients with severe obesity undergoing to OAGB presented a better improvement of lipid plasma values than LSG patients. The reduction of lipid plasma levels was independent of the significant decrease of BMI after surgery, of age and of sex.

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Lipid Profile in Preeclampsia Patients as Compared to Normal Patient

Nepal Medical College Journal ◽

10.3126/nmcj.v22i4.34189 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 238-242

Author(s):

Sanita Kayastha ◽

B Tiwari ◽

R Subedi

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

College Teaching ◽

Test Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Density ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

Severity Of The Disease

The main objective of the study was to see the association of dyslipidemia in preeclampsia (PET) as compare to normotensive (NT) patients. It was a descriptive study done in Nepal Medical College Teaching Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from April 2019 from April 2020. A total of 75 PET (test group) and 75 NT (control group) in their third trimester were included. Their fasting lipid profile was studied. It was found that triglyceride (TG) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) was significantly high among PET group as compared to that of NT patients. The mean TG of PET group was 266.11± 98.61 and the NT group was 187±58.56 (p=0.00) and the mean VLDL of PET group was 46.00±15.31 and NT group was 37.88±12.85 (p=0.001). On the other hand, the total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density lipoprotein (HDL) were not significantly different in both the groups. It was also found that with the severity of the disease (Preeclampsia), the level of TG and VLDL increased significantly. Therefore, among the investigation done for PET, we should include lipid profile, especially the TG and VLDL. Furthermore, TG and VLDL should be measured serially (at least once a week) so as to predict the progress of PET and manage the patient accordingly.

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The Effects of 8 Weeks of Levothyroxine Replacement Treatment on Metabolic and Anthropometric Indices of Insulin Resistance in Hypothyroid Patients

Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871530319666191105123005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 745-752

Author(s):

Roya Pasandideh ◽

Seyed M. Hosseini ◽

Gholamreza Veghari ◽

Sharebeh Hezarkhani

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Model Assessment ◽

Anthropometric Indices ◽

Mean Values ◽

Replacement Treatment ◽

Levothyroxine Replacement ◽

Metabolic Indices ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is an independent cardiovascular risk factor. IR predisposes to metabolic syndrome and diabetes. Meanwhile, little evidence exists about the effect of levothyroxine replacement treatment (LRT) on IR in hypothyroid patients. Objective: To investigate metabolic and anthropometric indices of IR in hypothyroid patients before and after 8 weeks of LRT. Methods: This pre-post study evaluated the 8 weeks outcomes of LRT on 66 patients with recently diagnosed hypothyroidism. Outcome measures included body mass index (BMI), waist circumferences (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), waist to height ratio (WHtR), body fat percent (BF%), free thyroxin (FT4), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting plasma levels of glucose (FPG) and insulin. Sex- specific cut offs of two metabolic indices i.e. the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) and the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) were used for IR diagnosis. The changes in TyG and HOMA were also compared after LRT. Results: Participants were overt and subclinical hypothyroidism 71% and 29%, respectively. After LRT the mean values of the following anthropometric indices significantly decreased: weight (79.61 vs. 78.64), BMI (29.53 vs. 29.2), WC (98.25 vs. 97.39) and BF% (35.34 vs. 34.95). After LRT the HOMA and TyG had no significant changes relative to their initial values. Also, IR that was determined on the basis of these metabolic indices more commonly observed in participants. Conclusion: Despite decreasing some anthropometric indices, the diagnosis of IR based on metabolic indices increased following 8 weeks LRT in hypothyroid cases.

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Alterations in lipid profile in old age hypothyroid patients

Annals of King Edward Medical University ◽

10.21649/akemu.v11i3.1032 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Samia Jawed ◽

Tariq F Khawaja ◽

Asghar Sultan ◽

Tariq Mahmood

Keyword(s):

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Local Population ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Thyroid Profile ◽

Hypothyroid Patients ◽

Serum Tsh

The current investigation was designed to study the changes of lipid profile in hypothyroid patients in local population and t o investigate the importance of thyroid profile in oId age dyslipidemia patients. Ninety five newly diagnosed untreated h ypothyroid patients (aged 4 9.2112.47 years, BMI 3 0.365.8, 74 females and 21 males) were identified from thyroid OPD of INMOL, PGMI, Lahore. Patients were compared with 78 control subjects (aged 48.8011.00 years, BMI 30.5104.70, 54 females and 24 males) matched by age and body mass index (BMI). Serum TSH, FT4, FT3, Triacylglcerol (TAG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were measured. Significantly increased levels of TC and LDL-C in overt hypothyroid patients were observed. No significant differences were found in HDL-C and TAG in overt hypothyroid patients as compared to the control group. Elevated levels of TC and LDL-C in hypothyroid patients represent an increased risk of ischaemic heart disease that requires therapeutic intervention. The deranged lipid profiles in hypothyroidism can not be corrected without the treatment for hypothyroidism in these patients. Therefore, all older patients referred for diagnosis and treatment of dyslipidemia should also be screened for hypothyroidism.

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Serum Levels of Lipids, Calcium and Magnesium in Women with Hypothyroidism and Cardiovascular Diseases

Journal of Laboratory Physicians ◽

10.4103/0974-2727.59698 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 1 (02) ◽

pp. 049-052 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hussein Kadhem Al-Hakeim

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Control Group ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypothyroid Patients

ABSTRACTLipid abnormalities in hypothyroidism contribute to the disproportionate increase in cardiovascular risk. A possible relationship between serum level of magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) and cardiovascular disease was recorded. In this work, the possible correlation between lipid profile components and serum cations Ca and Mg was investigated. Matched healthy women were evaluated in a cross-sectional study. All parameters were measured spectrophotometrically. The results showed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total and ionized Mg in hypothyroid patients in comparing with control group. There was a significant increase (P <0.05) in serum total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and (LDL-C)/(HDL-C) ratio in hypothyroid patients as compared with control group. However, no correlation was found between the cation levels and lipid profile of the studied groups. It can be concluded that patients with hypothyroidism exhibited elevated atherogenic parameters (TC and LDL-C) and high risk of cardiovascular diseases.

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