Exploring the Antimicrobial Properties Against Human Pathogens and Mode of Action of Various Extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Morocco and Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Btissam Bouchal ◽  
Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Manal Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Redouane Boulouiz ◽  
Meryem Ouarzane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
World Health ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Fredolia Aretioides ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Developing new antimicrobial medicines is one of the strategic objectives of the global action plan adopted by the World Health Organization to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Objective: Considering the fact that natural products derived from medicinal plants are an important source for discovering new antimicrobial compounds, we investigated here the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of various extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco and Algeria, and belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. Methods: Various extracts from F. aretioides were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial species, and their antifungal activity against five fungi species. Chemicalgenetic screens were performed using a collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viable haploid deletion mutants spanning diverse biological processes. Results: The diethyl ether extract of roots was found to be active against Citobacter freundii, with a MIC of 400 µg/ml. Hydro-methanol, methanol and residual extracts from aerial parts and roots were active against all five fungi species tested. Our results showed that residual extracts were the most effective against the fungi tested. Residual extract from aerial parts was more potent than the residual root extract, with IC50’s of 60 µg/ml and 440 µg/ml, respectively. Chemical-genetic analysis in S. cerevisiae revealed that residual extracts might affect fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that F. aretioides is a promising source for the isolation of novel antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action against human pathogens.

scholarly journals The Geraniin-Rich Extract from Reunion Island Endemic Medicinal Plant Phyllanthus phillyreifolius Inhibits Zika and Dengue Virus Infection at Non-Toxic Effect Doses in Zebrafish

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliano G. Haddad ◽  
Dovilė Grauzdytė ◽  
Andrea Cristine Koishi ◽  
Wildriss Viranaicken ◽  
Petras Rimantas Venskutonis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Reunion Island ◽  
Antiviral Compound ◽  
Island Endemic ◽  
Réunion Island ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Promising Source

The mosquito-borne viruses dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses are two medically important pathogens in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. There is an urgent need of therapeutics against DENV and ZIKV, and medicinal plants are considered as a promising source of antiviral bioactive metabolites. In the present study, we evaluated the ability of Phyllanthus phillyreifolius, an endemic medicinal plant from Reunion Island, to prevent DENV and ZIKV infection in human cells. At non-cytotoxic concentration in vitro, incubation of infected A549 cells with a P. phillyreifolius extract or its major active phytochemical geraniin resulted in a dramatic reduction of virus progeny production for ZIKV as well as four serotypes of DENV. Virological assays showed that P. phillyreifolius extract-mediated virus inhibition relates to a blockade in internalization of virus particles into the host cell. Infectivity studies on ZIKV showed that both P. phillyreifolius and geraniin cause a loss of infectivity of the viral particles. Using a zebrafish model, we demonstrated that administration of P. phillyreifolius and geraniin has no effect on zebrafish locomotor activity while no morbidity nor mortality was observed up to 5 days post-inoculation. Thus, P. phillyreifolius could act as an important source of plant metabolite geraniin which is a promising antiviral compound in the fight against DENV and ZIKV.

Cytotoxic Activities of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Endangered, Chinese Endemic Species Dysosma pleiantha

2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 518-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Lu ◽  
Shaoyuan Chen ◽  
Ben Wang
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Antitumour Agents ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Trichoderma Citrinoviride ◽  
Promising Source

Eleven strains of endophytic fungi which habitat in an endangered, Chinese endemic medicinal plant, Dysosma pleiantha (Hance) Woodson, were isolated and tested for their cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality bioassay. Six isolates were found to exhibit some cytotoxic activity. Extracts of F1273, F1276, and F1280, which were identified as Trichoderma citrinoviride, Chaetomium globosum and Ascomycete sp., in particular, showed most potent activity with LC50 values of 4.86, 7.71, and 14.88 μg/ml, respectively. These results indicate that endophytic fungi of Dysosma pleiantha could be a promising source for antitumour agents.

scholarly journals Euphorbia retusa (Forssk.) A PROMISING SOURCE FOR BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS IN BIOMEDICAL AND AGRICULTURE APPLICATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasser A. El-Amier ◽  
Oday N. Al-hadithy ◽  
Alaa A. Fahmy ◽  
Toka E. El-Eraky ◽  
Shahenda M. El-Afify M. El-Afify ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Eastern Desert ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Species ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Chenopodium Murale ◽  
Promising Source

Euphorbia retusa (family Euphorbiaceae) is an annual plant in the desert of Egypt with a 20 to 60 cm high. The aerial part of the plant containing latex is used in many biological activities. This study aimed to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, antimicrobial properties and allelopathic activities of aerial parts of E. retusa collected from Wadi Arabah, North Eastern Desert, Egypt. Standard methods were used for the qualitative and quantitative of tannins, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloid, phenolics, steroids, terpenoids, and glycosides. The antioxidant activity was measured based on the reduction of DPPH.Antimicrobial activity was evaluated against pathogenic bacteria, as well as the allelopathic potential against Chenopodium murale was assayed. E. retusa attained the highest values of saponins, tannins, and phenolics compared. In the DPPH test system, the IC50 value of the antioxidant inhibition for E. retusa was 802.74µg mL-1. The data obtained indicated that, the sensitivity of the seedling growth to the extract was higher than the germination of the test species. In addition, the root growth of C. murale was more affected than the shoot system to the inhibitory allelopathic activity induced by E. retusa. At higher concentration (40 g L-1) the germination of the tested seed was highly inhibited by 51.77%, while the shoot and root were reduced by 60.98% and 74.55%, respectively. However, the opposite response was observed at the lower concentration (2.5 g L-1).In conclusion, theextract of E. retusa plant has phytotoxic properties and thus contains phytotoxic substances

Triterpenoid saponins from the cytotoxic root extract of Sideroxylon foetidissimum, an endemic Yucatecan medicinal plant

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sánchez-Medina ◽  
PC Stevenson ◽  
S Habtemariam ◽  
LM Peña-Rodríguez ◽  
O Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins

Natural products from the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia: A potential lead for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1278-1285
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yafout ◽  
Amine Ousaid ◽  
Ibrahim Sbai El Otmani ◽  
Youssef Khayati ◽  
Amal Ait Haj Said
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Promising Source

The new SARS-CoV-2 belonging to the coronaviruses family has caused a pandemic affecting millions of people around the world. This pandemic has been declared by the World Health Organization as an international public health emergency. Although several clinical trials involving a large number of drugs are currently underway, no treatment protocol for COVID-19 has been officially approved so far. Here we demonstrate through a search in the scientific literature that the traditional Moroccan pharmacopoeia, which includes more than 500 medicinal plants, is a fascinating and promising source for the research of natural molecules active against SARS-CoV-2. Multiple in-silico and in-vitro studies showed that some of the medicinal plants used by Moroccans for centuries possess inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV or SARS-CoV-2. These inhibitory activities are achieved through the different molecular mechanisms of virus penetration and replication, or indirectly through stimulation of immunity. Thus, the potential of plants, plant extracts and molecules derived from plants that are traditionally used in Morocco and have activity against SARS-CoV-2, could be explored in the search for a preventive or curative treatment against COVID-19. Furthermore, safe plants or plant extracts that are proven to stimulate immunity could be officially recommended by governments as nutritional supplements.

Plant regeneration from direct organogenesis of Pandanus canaranus Warb, an endemic medicinal plant

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkatachalam Balamurugan ◽  
Palanisamy Karthika ◽  
Gurusamy Dhandapani ◽  
Kumarasamy Pradeepa Veerakumari ◽  
Krishnan Vasanth
Keyword(s):  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Direct Organogenesis ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant

scholarly journals Antihepatotoxic Activity of Phyllanthus atropurpureus Cultivated in Egypt

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 447-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taha Sarg ◽  
Afaf Abdel Ghani ◽  
Rawia Zayed ◽  
May El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Antihepatotoxic Activity

The genus Phyllanthus (family Euphorbiaceae) is considered one of the important medicinal and ornamental plants. A phytochemical analysis of the extracts was performed to search for the active ingredient. Results of the investigation of the hepatoprotective activity of Phyllanthus atropurpureus Boj. Hort. Maurit. revealed that the activities of alcoholic extracts of its aerial parts and roots were quite similar to those of silymarin. Both of them improve the parameters of CCl4-induced liver injury including serum aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Among the extracts tested, the root extract showed maximum activity compared to the aerial parts extract and to silymarin.

Berry Phenolics: Antimicrobial Properties and Mechanisms of Action Against Severe Human Pathogens

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa J. Nohynek ◽  
Hanna-Leena Alakomi ◽  
Marja P Kähkönen ◽  
Marina Heinonen ◽  
Ilkka M. Helander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Human Pathogens
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