Triterpenoid saponins from the cytotoxic root extract of Sideroxylon foetidissimum, an endemic Yucatecan medicinal plant

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine if a methanolic extract of the Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. can inhibit the progression of cancer through the modulation of cancer-related metabolic signaling pathways. We analyzed a panel of 13 inducible luciferase reporter gene vectors which expression is driven by enhancer elements that bind to specific transcription factors for the evaluation of the activity of cancer signaling pathways. The root extract of P. patens exhibited strong inhibition of several signaling pathways in HeLa cells, a cervical cancer cell line, and was found to be the most potent in inhibiting the activation of Stat3, Smad, AP-1, NF-κB, MYC, Ets, Wnt and Hdghog, at a concentration of 40 µg/mL. The methanolic extracts of P. patens enhanced apoptotic death, deregulated cellular proliferation, differentiation, and progression towards the neoplastic phenotype by altering key signaling molecules required for cell cycle progression. This is the first study to report the influence of Pulsatilla species on cancer signaling pathways. Further, our detailed phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extracts of the P. patens allowed to deduce that compounds, which strongly suppressed the growth and proliferation of HeLa cancer cells were mainly triterpenoid saponins accompanied by phenolic acids.

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Toxicity and insect growth regulatory effects of root extract from the medicinal plant, Withania somnifera (Linnaeus) against red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection ◽

10.1080/03235408.2020.1802566 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 53 (17-18) ◽

pp. 856-875

Author(s):

Sandeep Kumar Gaur ◽

Krishna Kumar

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Tribolium Castaneum ◽

Withania Somnifera ◽

Red Flour Beetle ◽

Root Extract ◽

Insect Growth ◽

Flour Beetle ◽

Regulatory Effects ◽

Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

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Dammarane triterpenoid saponins from Bacopa monnieri

Canadian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1139/v09-111 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 87 (9) ◽

pp. 1230-1234 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Pamita Bhandari ◽

Neeraj Kumar ◽

Bikram Singh ◽

Inderjeet Kaur

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

2D Nmr ◽

Bacopa Monnieri ◽

Spectroscopic Methods ◽

Triterpenoid Saponins ◽

Enhancing Effect ◽

Indian Medicinal Plant ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Memory Enhancer ◽

Memory Enhancing

Bacopa monnieri is a well-known Ayurvedic Indian medicinal plant traditionally used as a memory enhancer. Its memory-enhancing effect is mainly attributed to dammarane triterpenoid saponins. In the present study, two new dammarane-type triterpenoid saponins, bacopaside-XI (1) and bacopaside-XII (2), together with known compounds, bacopaside IV, bacopaside V, and apigenin, were isolated from the aerial parts of the B. monnieri . The structures of the new saponins were elucidated as 3-O-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1→3)]-6-O-sulfonyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl pseudojujubogenin (1) and 3-O-{β-D-glucopyranosyl(1→3)[α-L-arabinofuranosyl(1→2)]-β-D-glucopyranosyl}-20-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl pseudojujubogenin (2) on the basis of extensive investigations of 1D and 2D NMR (HMQC and HMBC), ESI-QTOF-MS/MS spectroscopic methods, and chemical evidences.

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Exploring the Antimicrobial Properties Against Human Pathogens and Mode of Action of Various Extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Morocco and Algeria

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190117144936 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. 321-329

Author(s):

Btissam Bouchal ◽

Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali ◽

Manal Elidrissi Errahhali ◽

Redouane Boulouiz ◽

Meryem Ouarzane ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Mode Of Action ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

World Health ◽

Root Extract ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽

Fredolia Aretioides ◽

Promising Source

Background: Developing new antimicrobial medicines is one of the strategic objectives of the global action plan adopted by the World Health Organization to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Objective: Considering the fact that natural products derived from medicinal plants are an important source for discovering new antimicrobial compounds, we investigated here the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of various extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco and Algeria, and belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. Methods: Various extracts from F. aretioides were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial species, and their antifungal activity against five fungi species. Chemicalgenetic screens were performed using a collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viable haploid deletion mutants spanning diverse biological processes. Results: The diethyl ether extract of roots was found to be active against Citobacter freundii, with a MIC of 400 µg/ml. Hydro-methanol, methanol and residual extracts from aerial parts and roots were active against all five fungi species tested. Our results showed that residual extracts were the most effective against the fungi tested. Residual extract from aerial parts was more potent than the residual root extract, with IC50’s of 60 µg/ml and 440 µg/ml, respectively. Chemical-genetic analysis in S. cerevisiae revealed that residual extracts might affect fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that F. aretioides is a promising source for the isolation of novel antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action against human pathogens.

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Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Bellevalia saviczii Root Extract and Its Isolated Homoisoflavonoid (Dracol) Are Mediated by Modification on Calcium Signaling

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24183376 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (18) ◽

pp. 3376

Author(s):

Monica Savio ◽

Mohammed Farhad Ibrahim ◽

Chiara Scarlata ◽

Matteo Orgiu ◽

Giuseppe Accardo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Western Blot ◽

Calcium Signaling ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Herbal Remedy ◽

Root Extract ◽

Cytokine Release ◽

Iraqi Kurdistan ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Bellevalia saviczii is a medicinal plant used as anti-rheumatic and anti-inflammatory herbal remedy in Iraqi-Kurdistan. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of its extract and the isolated homoisoflavonoid (Dracol) by studying the Ca2+-dependent NF-kB pathway. Nuclear translocation of p65 NF-kB subunit, as parameter of NF-kB activation, was visualized in human leukemic monocytes by immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses, after cell treatment with B. saviczii root extract or Dracol followed by Lipopolysaccharide stimulation. In parallel, Ca2+ signals responsible for NF-kB activation and levels of inflammatory cytokines were investigated. LPS-induced p65 translocation was evident in monocytes and both treatments, in particular that with Dracol, were able to counteract this activation. Intracellular Ca2+ oscillations were halted and the cytokine release reduced. These results confirm the traditional anti-inflammatory efficacy of B. saviczii and identify one of the molecules in the extract which appears to be responsible of this action.

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Triterpenoid Saponins Isolated fromPlatycodon grandiflorumInhibit Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2013/560417 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Jong-Woo Kim ◽

Sang Jin Park ◽

Jong Hwan Lim ◽

Jae Won Yang ◽

Jung Cheul Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Root Extract ◽

Triterpenoid Saponin ◽

Active Components ◽

Resistant Variant ◽

Triterpenoid Saponins ◽

Platycodin D ◽

Infected Cells ◽

Resistant Strains

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major cause of liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to significant adverse effects and emergence of resistant strains of currently developed anti-HCV agents, plant extracts have been considered to be potential sources of new bioactive compounds against HCV. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional effects of triterpenoid saponins contained in the root extract ofPlatycodon grandiflorum(PG) on viral enzyme activities and replication in both HCV replicon cells and cell culture grown HCV- (HCVcc-) infected cells. Inhibitory activities of triterpenoid saponins from PG were verified by NS5B RNA-dependent RNA polymerase assay and were further confirmed in the context of HCV replication. Six triterpenoid saponins (platycodin D, platycodin D2, platycodin D3, deapioplatycodin D, deapioplatycodin D2, and platyconic acid A), PG saponin mixture (PGSM), were identified as active components exerting anti-HCV activity. Importantly, PGSM exerted synergistic anti-HCV activity in combination with either interferon-αor NS5A inhibitors. We demonstrated that combinatorial treatment of PGSM and IFN-αefficiently suppressed colony formation with significant reduction in drug resistant variant of HCV. These data suggest that triterpenoid saponin may represent a novel anti-HCV therapeutic agent.

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Pharmaco-chemical profiling of Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. with special reference to soil chemistry

Future Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1186/s43094-021-00356-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Prasobh K. Mohan ◽

T. P. Adarsh Krishna ◽

T. Senthil Kumar ◽

B. D. Ranjitha Kumari

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Special Reference ◽

Dna Sequence ◽

Soil Chemistry ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Root Extract ◽

Chemical Profiling ◽

Query Coverage

Abstract Background Desmodium gangeticum (L.) DC. (Fabaceae) (DG) is a perennial non-climbing herb or shrub and folklore medicine, widely shows a large number of medicinal properties, as well as contains divergent bioactive compounds. Many of the herbal formulations contain this medicinal plant, which is considered as master of medicinal plant in Ayurveda. This study is an attempt to establish this plant material based on its pharmaco-chemical profiles with special reference to soil chemistry. The pharmaco-chemical features such as organoleptic, DNA sequence, physicochemical, proximate, phytochemical, UV, and FTIR profiling were carried out using standard techniques. Moreover, the ADME-PK properties of the selected molecules were established. Results The pharmaco-chemical features like organoleptic, DNA sequence, physicochemical, proximate, phytochemical, UV, and FTIR profiling, ADME-PK properties, and soil chemistry of D. gangeticum revealed its unique and diagnostic peculiarities. DNA barcoding showed that the sequence was 99.77% similar to D. gangeticum (KP094638) having 100% query coverage. The soil analysis revealed the presence of moderately high content of NPK and sufficient amount of all essential macro- and micronutrients (S, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B). The phytochemical profiling showed that the ethanolic extract of the aerial part contained glycoside, amino acid, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, and coumarins, while the ethanolic root extract of the plant revealed the presence of glycoside, amino acid, phenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, and triterpenoids. FTIR results indicated that the plant extracts are mainly rich in phenolic derivatives. ADME-PK properties of pterocarpan such as gangetin (1a), gangetinin (1b), desmocarpin (1c), and desmodin (1d) were found to pass the Lipinski, Ghose, Veber, and Egan rules, supporting the drug-likeliness. Conclusion This is the first record of pharmaco-chemical profiling of D. gangeticum along with soil chemistry, and this information helps in the proper identification and future studies on this species. Graphic abstract

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Croton zambesicus Root Extract Exert Laxative Effect in Rats

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2020/v10i230103 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 22-26

Author(s):

Jude E. Okokon ◽

Augustine I. L. Bassey ◽

Emmanuel E. Nyong ◽

Utibe A. Edem

Keyword(s):

Gastrointestinal Tract ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Root Extract ◽

Laxative Effect

Background: Croton zambesicus Muell Arg. (Euphorbiaceace) is a medicinal plant used traditionally in the treatment of some ailments. Aim: The root extract of Croton zambesicus was evaluated for effect on the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Materials and Methods: The root extract of C. zambesicus (27-81 mg/kg) was investigated for laxative effect in rats using different experimental models to study its effect on the GIT. Results: The extract was found to significantly increase the frequency and output of faecal matters in rats in all the experimental models studied. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that the root extract of C. zambesicus has a significant laxative effect and this supports its use in ethnomedicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract disorders.

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