Berry Phenolics: Antimicrobial Properties and Mechanisms of Action Against Severe Human Pathogens

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa J. Nohynek ◽  
Hanna-Leena Alakomi ◽  
Marja P Kähkönen ◽  
Marina Heinonen ◽  
Ilkka M. Helander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Human Pathogens

scholarly journals Antimicrobial properties of extracts from Euclea crispa subsp. crispa (Ebenaceae) towards human pathogens

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Magama ◽  
J.C. Pretorius ◽  
P.C. Zietsman ◽  
B.-E. van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Human Pathogens

scholarly journals Exemplifying the next generation of antibiotic susceptibility intensifiers of phytochemicals by LasR-mediated quorum sensing inhibition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpit Shukla ◽  
Gaurav Shukla ◽  
Paritosh Parmar ◽  
Baldev Patel ◽  
Dweipayan Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Single Unit ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Quorum Sensing Inhibition ◽  
In Silico Studies

AbstractThere persists a constant threat from multidrug resistance being acquired by all human pathogens that challenges the well-being of humans. This phenomenon is predominantly led by Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is already resistant to the current generations of antibiotic by altering its metabolic pathways to survive. Specifically for this microbe the phenomenon of quorum sensing (QS) plays a crucial role in acquiring virulence and pathogenicity. QS is simply the cross talk between the bacterial community driven by signals that bind to receptors, enabling the entire bacterial microcosm to function as a single unit which has led to control P. aeruginosa cumbersome even in presence of antibiotics. Inhibition of QS can, therefore, be of a significant importance to curb such virulent and pathogenic strains of P. aeruginosa. Natural compounds are well known for their antimicrobial properties, of which, information on their mode of action is scarce. There can be many antimicrobial phytochemicals that act by hindering QS-pathways. The rationale of the current study is to identify such natural compounds that can inhibit QS in P. aeruginosa driven by LasR, PhzR, and RhlR dependent pathways. To achieve this rationale, in silico studies were first performed to identify such natural compounds which were then validated by in vitro experiments. Gingerol and Curcumin were identified as QS-antagonists (QSA) which could further suppress the production of biofilm, EPS, pyocyanin, and rhamnolipid along with improving the susceptibility to antibiotics.

scholarly journals Nelumbo nucifera leaf extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their antimicrobial properties against some human pathogens

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Premanand ◽  
N. Shanmugam ◽  
N. Kannadasan ◽  
K. Sathishkumar ◽  
G. Viruthagiri
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Human Pathogens

scholarly journals Analysis of pH and release of calcium of association between melaleuca alternifolia oil and calcium hydroxide

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-108
Author(s):  
Maiara GIONGO ◽  
Rogério Aparecido Minini dos SANTOS ◽  
Sandra Mara MACIEL ◽  
Marina de Lourdes Calvo FRACASSO ◽  
Fausto Rodrigo VICTORINO
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Calcium Release ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Melaleuca Alternifolia ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction The use of intracanal medications with antimicrobial properties is essential for decontaminating root canals during endodontic treatment. Calcium hydroxide is used for this because of its excellent properties. Melaleuca alternifolia oil has shown medicinal importance by demonstrating antifungal and bactericidal action against proven human pathogens. Objective To evaluate the physical and chemical aspects such as pH and calcium release, of Melaleuca alternifolia oil associated with calcium hydroxide, during different time intervals. Material and method Calcium hydroxide powder was added to vehicles to reach a concentration of 72mg / 0.1mL. Three groups were formed: Group I: Calcium Hydroxide + Distilled Water; Group II: Calcium hydroxide + Propylene Glycol; Group III: Calcium hydroxide + Melaleuca oil. The pH of each group was measured after time intervals of 10 minutes; 24 and 48 hours; 7, 15 and 30 days after tooling by a pH meter. Calcium release was analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry equipped with a calcium hollow cathode lamp. Data were statistically analyzed by using the Kruskall-Wallis and Dunn test. Result Group II showed high pH, similar to group III that remained uniform at 15 and 30 days. Calcium release that began after 24 hours, was similar in Groups II and III, and showed a peak release in 48 hours. Conclusion The association of Melaleuca oil with calcium hydroxide showed good results in the pH and calcium release analyses, and showed action similar to that of propylene glycol + calcium hydroxide.

Phytochemical Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Atalantia monophylla (L) Correa and Atalantia racemosa Wight and Arn

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-436
Author(s):  
Mahadevan Subramaniyan ◽  
Vijayakumar Subramaniyan ◽  
Arulmozhi Praveenkumar
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Microdilution Method ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Background: Infectious diseases are major leading cause of death in all parts of the world, because of the appearance of new multi drug resistant microbes. Therefore, the discovery of potential drug for effective treatment will help the slaughter of the microbes. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the presence of photochemical and antimicrobial activities of various crude extracts of leaves, fruits and root bark of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa against human pathogens by using well diffusion method. Methods: Antimicrobial properties of the various extracts of Atalantia monophylla and Atalantia racemosa were studied against some human pathogenic microbes such as Gram-positive Bacteria, (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus) Gram-negative Bacteria (Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli) and human opportunistic fungal pathogens (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger). All the extracts were comparable with standard drugs (Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Nystatin. and Amphotericin B). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal /fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC) values were determined through a microdilution method. The phytochemical analysis of these plant extracts were carried out using standard mthods. Results: Methanolic leaf extract of A. monophylla has showed excellent antimicrobial activity against S. aureus (40mm). As well, the A. racemosa methanolic leaf extract shows notable inhibitory activity against S. aureus (38mm). At the same time, the least inhibition was observed in aqueous extract of A. monophylla against E.coli (9mm). The MIC ranged from 0.78 µg/mL to 50 µg/mL and MBC/MFC 1.56 to 50 µg/mL were recorded. Phytochemical analysis of alkaloids, steroids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, phenolics and cardiae glycoside were recorded in various extracts of A. monophylla and A. racemosa respectively. Flavonoids, phenolics and cardiac glycoside were present only in methonalic leaf extract of A. monophylla. Conclusion: The result of this study concluded that methanolic leaf extract has possessed novel compounds with significant antimicrobial properties. Hence, we recommend this plant for further studies on the isolation and characterization of that lead antimicrobial potential molecule.

Exploring the Antimicrobial Properties Against Human Pathogens and Mode of Action of Various Extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an Endemic Medicinal Plant of Morocco and Algeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Btissam Bouchal ◽  
Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Manal Elidrissi Errahhali ◽  
Redouane Boulouiz ◽  
Meryem Ouarzane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
World Health ◽  
Root Extract ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Endemic Medicinal Plant ◽  
Fredolia Aretioides ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Developing new antimicrobial medicines is one of the strategic objectives of the global action plan adopted by the World Health Organization to tackle antimicrobial resistance. Objective: Considering the fact that natural products derived from medicinal plants are an important source for discovering new antimicrobial compounds, we investigated here the antimicrobial properties and the mode of action of various extracts from Fredolia aretioides, an endemic medicinal plant of Morocco and Algeria, and belonging to the Chenopodiaceae family. Methods: Various extracts from F. aretioides were prepared and evaluated for their antibacterial activity against six bacterial species, and their antifungal activity against five fungi species. Chemicalgenetic screens were performed using a collection of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viable haploid deletion mutants spanning diverse biological processes. Results: The diethyl ether extract of roots was found to be active against Citobacter freundii, with a MIC of 400 µg/ml. Hydro-methanol, methanol and residual extracts from aerial parts and roots were active against all five fungi species tested. Our results showed that residual extracts were the most effective against the fungi tested. Residual extract from aerial parts was more potent than the residual root extract, with IC50’s of 60 µg/ml and 440 µg/ml, respectively. Chemical-genetic analysis in S. cerevisiae revealed that residual extracts might affect fatty acid and sphingolipid biosynthesis. Conclusion: All these findings suggest that F. aretioides is a promising source for the isolation of novel antimicrobial agents with novel mechanisms of action against human pathogens.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Banana Cultivars Against Important Human Pathogens, Including Candida Biofilm

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Saleh Jouneghani ◽  
Ana Hortência Fonsêca Castro ◽  
Sujogya Kumar Panda ◽  
Rony Swennen ◽  
Walter Luyten
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Spectrum Activity

Ten banana (Musa spp.) cultivars were studied for their antimicrobial properties. Three plant parts (corm, pseudostem and leaves) were collected separately and extracted with different solvents, viz., hexane, acetone, ethanol and water. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) was evaluated using a broth microdilution assay. Eight human bacterial and one fungal pathogen were tested. Acetone and ethanol extract(s) often exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, while hexane extracts were less active. Aqueous extracts often showed microbial growth, possibly by endophytes. Leaf extracts were most active, followed by pseudostem, and corm was least active. All the tested banana cultivars were found to contain antimicrobials, as demonstrated by inhibition of selected human pathogens. However, cultivars such as Dole, Saba, Fougamou, Namwah Khom, Pelipita and Mbwazirume showed a broad-spectrum activity, inhibiting all tested pathogens. Other cultivars such as Petit Naine and Kluai Tiparot showed a narrow-spectrum activity, including antibiofilm activity against Candida albicans. Our results support the use of different parts of banana plants in traditional human medicine for infections, including diarrhea and dysentery, and some sexually transmitted diseases, as well as for packaging spoilable materials like food.

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