Effects of Medicinal Plants on Human Hosts and Zoonotic Helminthic Infections

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeid Heidari-Soureshjani ◽  
Catherine MT Sherwin
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Parasitic Worms

: Parasitic worm infections are a major health issue around the world, which causes numerous physiological damages in the patient's infected organ(s).The aim of this review was to investigate the anthelmintic properties of various medicinal plants.In this systematic review, all randomized controlled trials (RCTs), quasi-experimental and experimental studies that examining the anthelmintic effects were retrieved from databases including Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and PubMed from 1988-2019 by interesting keywords.In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that many medicinal plants, including their compounds and derivatives, have anthelmintic properties through various mechanisms of action (MOA). Examples of MOAs include paralysis of the helminths’ central nervous system, tegumental (outer body covering) destruction, interference with enzyme functioning, increased autophagy and apoptosis and reduction in cell viability and count. These actions lead to reduction in the helminth ability to reproduce, decrease in eggs count, inhibition of energy generation, damage to digestive tissues, lipid and ion accumulation, and change in and binding to different regulatory proteins and disruption of the helminth motor activity. These MOA can also be used for the treatment of parasitic worms. Medicinal plants and their compounds have been the primary sources of new therapeutics, and are comparably more cost-effective than synthetic drugs and provide effective methods to combat parasitic worms that have entered into the human body. Therapists must take into account the effective dose of these compounds in treating the patients and also consider their overall health status including comorbidities. There is an urgent need to conduct clinical trials using certain approaches, such as clinical interventional trials, to identify the effectiveness of herbal medicines in treating human host and zoonotic helminthic infections.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants with Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis Activity in Iran: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar ZIAEI HEZARJARIBI ◽  
Najmeh NADEALI ◽  
Mahdi FAKHAR ◽  
Masoud SOOSARAEI
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Medicinal Herbs ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Background: Trichomoniasis, due to Trichomonas vaginalis, is one of the most common sexually transmitted parasitic diseases in the world such as Iran. This systematic review aimed to explore the studies evaluating the medicinal herbs with anti- T. vaginalis activity which used in Iran. Methods: Articles published in 4 Persian and 4 English databases were obtained between 2000 and 2015 including Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Magiran, Barakatkns (formerly IranMedex), Elm net, and SID (Scientific Information Database). Studies out of Iran, studies on animal models and articles on other parasite species than T. vaginalis were excluded from this review. Results: Twenty-one articles including in vitro experiments, met our eligibility criteria. Thoroughly, 26 types of plants were examined against T. vaginalis. Medicinal herbs such as Artemisia, Zataria multiflora, and Lavandula angustifolia are remarkably effective on T. vaginalis. As such, use of other parts of these plants in different concentrations and timelines is recommended for future in vivo studies. Conclusion: The present systematic review provides comprehensive and useful information about Iranian medicinal plants with anti-T. vaginalis activity, which would be examined in the future experimental and clinical trials and herbal combination therapy.

scholarly journals A Review Study on the Effect of Iranian Herbal Medicines on Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 302-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh Ebrahimie ◽  
Mahmoud Bahmani ◽  
Hedayatollah Shirzad ◽  
Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei ◽  
Kourosh Saki
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Morphine Withdrawal ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome

Addiction is a chronic and recurring disease that recurrence phenomenon is the most important challenge in treatment of this disease. Recent experiences have shown that synthetic drugs have undesirable side effects. Recent studies on medicinal plants have shown that they might be effective in treatment of different stages of addiction with lower side effects and costs. The aim of this study was to review the effects of medicinal plants in the treatment of morphine addiction in experimental animals. In this review article, by using keywords of morphine, withdrawal, and plants or herbal medicine in databases of indexing cites, desired articles were obtained since 1994. Inclusion criteria for selecting articles were the articles related to application of medicinal plants in decreasing symptoms resulting from morphine withdrawal were selected. Results of this study on experimental studies have shown that medicinal plants such as Trachyspermum copticum L and Melissa officinalis decrease the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome in a dose-dependent. Also, medicinal plants like Avena sativa, Hypericum perforatu, Passiflora incarnate, Valeriana officinalis, Satureja hortensis L, and Mentha piperita can have effects on behavior, emotions, and other problems of addicts, decreasing withdrawal symptoms. Results of this study showed that medicinal plants can be effective in controlling deprivation, decreasing dependency creation, and possibly detoxification of opioid addicts.

scholarly journals Brazilian scientific production on herbal medicines used in dentistry

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 618-627
Author(s):  
R.D. Castro ◽  
J.A. Oliveira ◽  
L.C. Vasconcelos ◽  
P.P. Maciel ◽  
V.L.M. Brasil
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Scientific Production ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
Brazilian Journal

The objective of this study was to critically analyze the scientific production published in specialized Brazilian journals concerning the use of medicinal plants in dentistry. A literature review was carried out using an indirect documentation technique by means of a bibliographical study. Four examiners performed independent searches in Brazilian journals of medicinal plants indexed in the database SciELO (Brazilian Journal of Pharmacognosy; Brazilian Journal of Medicinal Plants; Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences; and Acta Botanica Brasilica) using the descriptors "herbal medicine/phytotherapy" or "medicinal plants" and "dentistry ". The articles published from 2002 to 2012 addressing the use of medicinal plants in dentistry were included and analyzed. The searches based on the descriptors and reading of abstracts, resulted in 155 articles. Of these, 44 were read in full and a total of 16 publications met the eligibility criteria and were selected. Laboratory studies predominated (10) and were limited to the evaluation of antimicrobial properties by means of tests for determining inhibitory, fungicidal and bactericidal concentrations. Three literature reviews and only one clinical trial with no blinding and randomization were found. It is highlighted the need for better methodological designs in the researches and greater production of clinical or in vivo studies.

scholarly journals A Review on Ethnopharmacological Applications and Pharmacological Activities of Leea macrophylla

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Anti Oxidant

Plants are used as a potential source of medicines since the prehistoric period. Medicinal plants are the richest bio-resource of drugs of a number of traditional systems of medicines. Medicinal plants can also be used as nutraceuticals, food supplements, folk medicines, pharmaceutical intermediates, and chemical entities for synthetic drugs. A good number of researches on medicinal plants have enriched the science of modern medicine over the last decades. Leea macrophylla (Leeaceae) locally known as ‘Hastikarna palasa’ is a shrub that has been used in herbal medicine as a cure for a number of disorders. Several studies have proven that the plant possesses potential antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, neuropharmacological and anti-diabetic activities. Tribal communities used the plant parts as a remedy for a number of ailments as well as nutritional products. Established in-vitro and in-vivo studies were conducted to get evidence of pharmacological activities of the plant parts. This review paper focuses on the phytopharmacological activities and traditional uses of the plant which may help further research activities on L. macrophylla by giving up-to-date information about the plant.

Medicinal Plants and Bioactive Compounds for Diabetes Management: Important Advances for Drug Discovery

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondeti Ramudu Shanmugam ◽  
Bhasha Shanmugam ◽  
Gangigunta Venkatasubbaiah ◽  
Sahukari Ravi ◽  
Kesireddy Sathyavelu Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Major Public Health Problem

Background : Diabetes is a major public health problem in the world. It affects each and every part of the human body and also leads to organ failure. Hence, great progress made in the field of herbal medicine and diabetic research. Objectives: Our review will focus on the effect of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants which are used to treat diabetes in India and other countries. Methods: Information regarding diabetes, oxidative stress, medicinal plants and bioactive compounds were collected from different search engines like Science direct, Springer, Wiley online library, Taylor and francis, Bentham Science, Pubmed and Google scholar. Data was analyzed and summarized in the review. Results and Conclusion: Anti-diabetic drugs that are in use have many side effects on vital organs like heart, liver, kidney and brain. There is an urgent need for alternative medicine to treat diabetes and their disorders. In India and other countries herbal medicine was used to treat diabetes. Many herbal plants have antidiabetic effects. The plants like ginger, phyllanthus, curcumin, aswagandha, aloe, hibiscus and curcuma showed significant anti-hyperglycemic activities in experimental models and humans. The bioactive compounds like Allicin, azadirachtin, cajanin, curcumin, querceitin, gingerol possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and other pharmacological properties. This review focuses on the role of bioactive compounds of medicinal plants in prevention and management of diabetes. Conclusion: Moreover, our review suggests that bioactive compounds have the potential therapeutic potential against diabetes. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to validate these findings.

scholarly journals A Review of Plants Used in South African Traditional Medicine for the Management and Treatment of Hypertension

Planta Medica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (04) ◽  
pp. 312-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatai Balogun ◽  
Anofi Ashafa
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
South African ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Research Councils

AbstractSouth Africa contains 9% of the worldʼs higher plants, and despite its rich biodiversity, it has one of the highest prevalence of hypertension in Africa. This review provides information on medicinal plants embraced in South Africa for hypertension management, with the aim of reporting pharmacological information on the indigenous use of these plants as antihypertensives. This review not only focuses on the activity of antihypertensive medicinal plants but also reports some of its phytochemical constituents and other ethnopharmacological and therapeutic properties. Information obtained from scientific and or unpublished databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, SciFinder, JSTOR, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and various books revealed 117 documented antihypertensive plant species from 50 families. Interestingly, Asteraceae topped the list with 16 species, followed by Fabaceae with 8 species; however, only 25% of all plant species have demonstrated antihypertensive effects originating from both in vitro and in vivo studies, lending credence to their folkloric use. Only 11 plant species reportedly possess antihypertensive properties in animal models, with very few species subjected to analytical processes to reveal the identity of their bioactive antihypertensive compounds. In this review, we hope to encourage researchers and global research institutions (universities, agricultural research councils, and medical research councils), particularly those showing an interest in natural products, for the need for concerted efforts to undertake more studies aimed at revealing the untapped potential of these plants. These studies are very important for the development of new pharmaceuticals of natural origin useful for the management of hypertension.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Combinational Domperidone-Famotidine Floating Drug Delivery System - In vitro and In vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Mounika Chidurala ◽  
Raveendra Reddy J
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Introduction: The drawbacks assosiated with oral administration of drugscan be controlled or minimized by gastro retentive formulations that remain buoyant within the stomach for an extended time by providing prolonged gastric retention and releasethe drug in an exceedingly extended manner thereby improving bioavailability. The current research was to develop and optimize Domperidone and Famotidine floating tablets with extended release by Quality by Design approach. Method: Based on QTPP (Quality Target Product Profile), CQAs (Critical Quality Attributes)wereidentified. Risk analysis by the evaluation of formulation and process parameters showed that optimizing the levels of polymers could reduce high risk to achieve the target profile. A 23factor experimental design with midpoints was selected for statistical analysis and optimization. Results: HPMC K100 and Carbopol 934P had a positive effect while ethyl cellulose demonstrated a negative effect on the selected responses. Drug release kinetics followed the first-order release with Higuchi diffusion and Fickian diffusion. Optimized formula satisfying all the required parameters was selected and evaluated. The predicted response values were in close agreement with experimental response values. Abdominal X-ray imaging after oral administration of the tablets on a healthy rabbit’s stomach confirmed the extended floating behavior with shorter lag time. In vivo, pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits revealed that the optimized formulation exhibited prolonged drug release with enhanced Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and t1/2 of an optimized product when compared to the marketed product. Conclusions: It has been concluded that the application of Quality by Design in the formulation and optimization reduced the number of trials to produce a cost-effective formula.

Viscum album (L) extracts in cancer treatment: a systematic review of in vitro and in vivo studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-52
Author(s):  
Aloisio Cunha de Carvalho ◽  
Leoni Villano Bonamin
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Anti Cancer

Background: Several reviews about phytotherapy and homeopathy have been published in the last years, including Viscum album (VA.L). VA is a parasite plant whose extract has anti-cancer proprieties and is used alone or in combination with conventional chemotherapy. Methods: We performed a systematic review about the in vivo and in vitro models described in the literature, including veterinary clinical trials. The literature was consulted from Pubmed database. Results: There are several kinds of pharmaceutical preparations about VA and their active principles used in experimental studies, lectin being frequently studied (alone or as an extract compound). More than 50% of available literature about VA is related to the lectin effects. On the other hand, the effects of viscotoxins are less studied. Among the in vivo experimental studies about VA and its compounds, the B16 murine melanoma is the most used model, followed by Ehrlich, Walker and Dalton tumors. The results point to the apoptotic effects, metastasis control and tumor regression. Some veterinary clinical studies about the use of VA in the treatment of sarcoid, fibrosarcoma and neuroblastoma are quoted in literature too, with interesting results. Considering the in vitro models, our review revealed that NALM6 leukemia cells, B16 melanoma and NC1-H460 lung carcinoma were the most studied tumor models, apoptosis signals being the most important findings. Only one study verified immunoglobulin and interleukin production. All consulted papers were related to phytotherapy preparations only. Conclusions: Although the literature about the anti-cancer activity of VA extract and its lectins is enough, there is a marked lack of information about viscotoxin activities and about the effects of homeopathic preparations of this plant on animal tumors and on in vitro cultivated tumor cells.

In silico studies of bacterial derived fatty acid as a potential inhibitor of 1FGE and 1BQO

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 119-124
Author(s):  
S. Syed Chandini ◽  
Sairam Mantri
Keyword(s):  
Ligand Binding ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
In Silico ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Binding Interaction ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Potential Inhibitor ◽  
In Silico Studies

Thrombomodulin (TM) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) are the major factors that are responsible for lung cancer. Hence, the identification of novel compounds inhibiting TM and MMPs is the challenging task for the scientists. Even though synthetic drugs were developed, their toxicity and offtarget limit their usage. The current study aims to investigate the molecular simulations for bacterial derived stearic acid to estimate the in silico anticancer activity against TM and MMPs protein as target compounds and the findings were correlated with the standard drug vorinostat. Using Lamarckian genetic algorithm, the TM and MMPs were energy minimized and docked with stearic acid and vorinostat using auto dock 4.2 and visualized in PyMol software. Protein and ligand binding analysis revealed that stearic acid interacts with the amino acids of MMPs residues of PHE83, SER212, ALA213 and ASN214. It interacts with the TMs with two amino acid residues i.e. CYS407 and GLU408. Hence, compared to vorinostat, stearic acid shows a higher binding affinity towards MMPs and slightly lower affinity towards TM proteinase. We conclude that the computational analysis of ligand binding interaction of stearic acid suggests that it could be a potential inhibitor of matrix metallo proteinase and is effective against thrombomodulin and can be considered as an anticancer agent by in vivo studies.

Quality by Design enabled anti-hypertensive Floating drug delivery system by Risk assessment and Design of Experiment (DoE) – In vitro – In vivo correlation studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mounika Chidurala ◽  
Raveendra Reddy J
Keyword(s):  
Drug Release ◽  
Risk Analysis ◽  
Quality By Design ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Fickian Diffusion ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies

Background: The present research aimed to develop and optimize extended-release floating tablets of Sacubitril and Valsartan through Quality by Design (QbD) approach. Risk analysis by formulation assessment and process parameters showed that optimizing the levels of the polymer will minimize high risk to meet the target profile. A two (2) level three (3) full factorial experimental design along with midpoints was carefully chosen for optimization and statistical analysis. Based on the literature, the independent and dependent variables were selected. Results: HPMC K100, Carbopol 934P had a positive effect, whereas Ethylcellulose had a negative effect on Floating time, drug release at 2 h, drug release at 12 h and, 50% responses. Drug release kinetics followed the first-order release with Higuchi and Fickian diffusion. Contour and overlay plots were utilized for an assortment of design space and optimized formula. ANOVA results of all the factors exhibited significance at p<0.05. Abdominal X-ray imaging of the optimized tablets on healthy rabbit’s stomach confirmed the floating behavior for more than 12 h. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies in rabbits showed that the optimized formulation exhibited prolonged and extended drug release with improved Cmax, tmax, AUCo-t, and t1/2 of test product when compared to marketed product. IVIVC model was developed by using dissolution data of in vitro and pharmacokinetics data of in-vivo by de-convolution method (Wagner-Nelson method). Conclusion: The Quality by Design implementation in the formulation and optimization abridged the number of trials to produce a cost-effective formula. In vivo studies confirmed that the formula was successfully developed with extended floating time (12 h) and drug release by risk analysis and experimental designs. Level A correlation was observed which confirmed a good correlation between in vitro and in vivo data.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document