Eco-Friendly Methods of Gold Nanoparticles Synthesis

Background: Owing to the importance of metallic nanoparticles, different researches and studies have been induced to synthesize them in many ways. One of the ways that paid attention last years is the green synthesis methods of nanoparticles or the so-called ''eco-friendly methods''. The most common sources that has been used for green synthesis of nanoparticles are plants, leaves, fungi and microorganisms. The green synthesis methods are widely used because they are inexpensive, usable, and nontoxic. Moreover, plant extracts are rich in reducing and capping agents. Methods: In the present review, green synthesis methods of gold nanoparticles (AuNps) using Chitosan, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Magnolia Kobus, Elettaria cardamomum (Elaichi) aqueous extract and other agents as a reducing/capping agents will be discussed in details. Moreover, we will make a comparison between different green routes of synthesis and the characterization of the obtained nanoparticles from each route. Results: The characterization and applications of the prepared GNPs from different routes are reviewed. Conclusion: The utilization of gold nanoparticles has been advocated because of their high biocomptability, administration in clinical applicability and in diverse aspects of life. It seems that plants are good candidates for nanoparticles production because they are inexpensive, available and renewable sources in addition, it is too simple to prepare extracts from them. Moreover, the great diversity in the types and amounts of reducing agents from plant extracts is responsible for the effortless generation of metallic nanoparticles of various shapes and morphologies.

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Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles Using Plant Compounds and Their Applications

Emerging Research on Bioinspired Materials Engineering - Advances in Chemical and Materials Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-9811-6.ch001 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1-34

Author(s):

Selvaraj Arokiyaraj ◽

Muthupandian Saravanan ◽

Rajaraman Bharanidharan ◽

Villianur Ibrahim Hairul Islam ◽

Mohamed Bououdina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Green Synthesis ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Biomedical Applications ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Synthesis Method ◽

Synthesis Of Nanoparticles ◽

Phytochemical Constituents ◽

Size And Morphology ◽

Plant Compounds

The advancement in nanoparticulate system has a great impact in many scientific areas. Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as silver, gold and copper were found to exhibit antibacterial and other biological activities. The phytochemical constituents (Tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides) present in the plant extracts were used for the green synthesis of NPs of desired size and morphology. Moreover, these active molecules act as reducing and capping agents for the synthe¬sis of NPs, which makes them suitable for biomedical applications. Apart from many approach on synthesis of nanoparticles, green synthesis method becomes more preferable because of its ecofriendly and nontoxic approach. This approach might pave the path for researchers across the globe to explore the potential of different herbs in the synthesis of NPs. This chapter will discuss the synthesis of various metal NPs using plants and their phytochemical constituent's involved during the synthesis. A section devoted to the different applications will be presented.

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Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts as Beneficial Prospect for Cancer Theranostics

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26216389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (21) ◽

pp. 6389

Author(s):

Kaushik Kumar Bharadwaj ◽

Bijuli Rabha ◽

Siddhartha Pati ◽

Tanmay Sarkar ◽

Bhabesh Kumar Choudhury ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Large Scale ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Characterization Methods ◽

Cancer Theranostics ◽

Physical And Chemical

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been widely explored and are well-known for their medical applications. Chemical and physical synthesis methods are a way to make AuNPs. In any case, the hunt for other more ecologically friendly and cost-effective large-scale technologies, such as environmentally friendly biological processes known as green synthesis, has been gaining interest by worldwide researchers. The international focus on green nanotechnology research has resulted in various nanomaterials being used in environmentally and physiologically acceptable applications. Several advantages over conventional physical and chemical synthesis (simple, one-step approach to synthesize, cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and biocompatibility) have drawn scientists’ attention to exploring the green synthesis of AuNPs by exploiting plants’ secondary metabolites. Biogenic approaches, mainly the plant-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles, have been chosen as the ideal strategy due to their environmental and in vivo safety, as well as their ease of synthesis. In this review, we reviewed the use of green synthesized AuNPs in the treatment of cancer by utilizing phytochemicals found in plant extracts. This article reviews plant-based methods for producing AuNPs, characterization methods of synthesized AuNPs, and discusses their physiochemical properties. This study also discusses recent breakthroughs and achievements in using green synthesized AuNPs in cancer treatment and different mechanisms of action, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), mediated mitochondrial dysfunction and caspase activation, leading to apoptosis, etc., for their anticancer and cytotoxic effects. Understanding the mechanisms underlying AuNPs therapeutic efficacy will aid in developing personalized medicines and treatments for cancer as a potential cancer therapeutic strategy.

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Metallic Nanoparticle Synthesis by Green Chemistry

International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology ◽

10.37285/ijpsn.2018.11.6.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 4287-4294

Author(s):

Anikate Sood ◽

Shweta Agarwal

Keyword(s):

Green Chemistry ◽

Green Synthesis ◽

Biomedical Research ◽

Metallic Nanoparticles ◽

Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Metallic Nanoparticle ◽

Medical Field ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Gold Silver

Nanotechnology is the most sought field in biomedical research. Metallic nanoparticles have wide applications in the medical field and have gained the attention of various researchers for advanced research for their application in pharmaceutical field. A variety of metallic nanoparticles like gold, silver, platinum, palladium, copper and zinc have been developed so far. There are different methods to synthesize metallic nanoparticles like chemical, physical, and green synthesis methods. Chemical and physical approaches suffer from certain drawbacks whereas green synthesis is emerging as a nontoxic and eco-friendly approach in production of metallic nanoparticles. Green synthesis is further divided into different approaches like synthesis via bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants. These approaches have their own advantages and disadvantages. In this article, we have described various metallic nanoparticles, different modes of green synthesis and brief description about different metabolites present in plant that act as reducing agents in green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles.

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