Application of Calophyllum Inophyllum Seed Husk as a Low-cost Biosorbent for Efficient Removal of Heavy Metals from Wastewater for a Safer Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-172
Author(s):  
Adeniyi A. Adenuga ◽  
John Adekunle O. Oyekunle ◽  
Olufemi D. Amos
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Simultaneous Removal ◽  
Potentially Toxic Metals ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Seed Husk ◽  
Wastewater Samples

Background: Effective treatment of wastewaters for potentially toxic metals especially at affordable cost is critical to the well-being of man and the environment. Objective: This study optimized the conditions for the application of Calophyllum inophyllum seed husk as biosorbent for simultaneous removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions and investigated the removal efficiencies of the biosorbent for Pb2+ and Cd2+ in wastewater samples. Methods: The dependence of the adsorption process on pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, initial metal ions concentration, and contact time was evaluated in a batch system by determining the degree of adsorption of Pb2+ and Cd2+ in simulated industrial wastewater before application of the biosorbent for metals cleanup in industrial and domestic wastewater samples. Results: The results showed that charring and microwave irradiation of the biosorbent produced the best performance. The pH of the aqueous solution played a crucial role in the performance of the biosorbent. Optimum adsorption for both metals occurred within the first 60 minutes of the process at pH value around 9. Kinetic studies of the process gave good correlation coefficients for a pseudo-second order kinetic model with adsorption data that fitted well into the Freundlich and Langmuir models but with Freundlich isotherm displaying better fitness. The adsorption capacities of the biosorbent were 42.19 and 22.47 mg/g for Pb2+ and Cd2+, respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that the good adsorption capacities of Calophyllum inophyllum seed husk for the metals is an indications of its considerable potential as a low-cost biosorbent for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic metals from wastewaters.

Study of the Cu(II) removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption on titania

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-247
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lateral Interaction ◽  
Tio2 Surface ◽  
High Toxicity ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Solution Parameters ◽  
Kinetics Of

The removal of heavy metals from wastewaters is a matter of paramount importance due to the fact that their high toxicity causes major environmental pollution problems. One of the most efficient, applicable and low cost methods for the removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions is that of their adsorption on an inorganic adsorbent. In order to achieve high efficiency, it is important to understand the influence of the solution parameters on the extent of the adsorption, as well as the kinetics of the adsorption. In the present work, the adsorption of Cu(II) species onto TiO2 surface was studied. It was found that the adsorption is a rapid process and it is not affected by the value of ionic strength. In addition, it was found that by increasing the pH, the adsorbed amount of Cu2+ ions and the value of the adsorption constant increase, whereas the value of the lateral interaction energy decreases.

Removal of Heavy Metals by Low-Cost Adsorption Materials

2017 ◽  
pp. 127-184
Author(s):  
Siew-Teng. Ong ◽  
Sie-Tiong Ha ◽  
Pei-Sin Keng ◽  
Siew-Ling Lee ◽  
Yung-Tse Hung
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

scholarly journals The effective removal of heavy metals from water by activated carbon adsorbents of Albizia lebbeck and Melia azedarach seed shells

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 30-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohib Ullah ◽  
Ruqia Nazir ◽  
Muslim Khan ◽  
Waliullah Khan ◽  
Mohib Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
Carbon Adsorbents ◽  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Albizia Lebbeck ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Concentrated Solution

The removal of toxic metals like lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) is very urgent keeping their hazardous effects in view. In this work, seeds of Albizia lebbeck and Melia azedarach trees were converted into activated carbon adsorbents and applied for the adsorptive removal of Pb and Cd metals from an aqueous solution. The as prepared adsorbents were characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The removal efficiencies of both metals were strongly dependent on their initial concentration, contact time, pH, temperature and the quantity of adsorbents. 0.2 g of both adsorbents removed respectively 75 and 62% Pb and 77 and 66% Cd from from 100 ml of a 40 mg/l concentrated solution in 120 min at pH 5 and a temperature of 20°C. Both the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms were well fitted to the experimental data. We believe that this work will provide a convenient way to synthesise low cost activated carbon adsorbents for the remediation of highly toxic metals from wastewater to safeguard our environment for future generations.

scholarly journals The Novel Use of Saraca thaipingensis Leaf Powder as Potential Biosorbent Material for the Removal of Chromium(VI)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Sannasi Palsan ◽  
Chai Swee Fern ◽  
Stephanie Bernardine ◽  
Lim Fan Shiang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Leaf Powder

Saraca thaipingensis or ‘Gapis’ tree, classified under the Fabaceae family is a native of Taiping; copious over Peninsular Malaysia and Southeast Asia. The withered and fallen dead leaves were collected from INTI International University’s garden walkway. To date, literature has yet to capture the use of S. thaipingensis tree parts or refuse as potential biosorbent material for the removal of heavy metals thus verifying the novelty of this study. Batch experiments were carried out with the leaf powder to study the effects of dosage, particle size and contact time towards Cr(VI) removal (%) at 1-100 mg/L. Results showed that Cr(VI) removal increased from 52.22% to 99.31% (p < 0.05) with increase in biosorbent dosage (0.005, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025 and 0.050 g). The different particle size ranges tested were: 107-125, 126-150, 151-250, 251-500, and 501- 1000 ?m. Highest Cr(VI) removal of 99.53% was obtained with the 151-250 ?m particle size; further size decrease did not yield more removal (p > 0.05). The optimal Cr(VI) removal was recorded after 45 min (99.62%) and 90 min (99.76%) contact time (p > 0.05). Further characterization and optimization studies are being carried out to develop a novel, sustainable, low cost yet effective leaf powder based biosorbent material.

scholarly journals Treatment of Poultry Wastewater Using Shells from African Cherry Seeds, Egg and Crab

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
Abimbola O. Aleshinloye ◽  
Kemayou Ngangsso ◽  
Feyisara B. Adaramola ◽  
Adebayo Onigbinde
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Wastewater Sample ◽  
Animal Source ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Poultry Wastewater

This study investigated the potential of some agricultural wastes viz; African Star apple seed shell (ASS, plant source), crab shell (CS, animal source) and chicken egg shell (ES, animal source) as eco-friendly and low-cost biological materials for the removal of heavy metals from poultry wastewater. TS, TSS and TDS of the wastewater sample were assayed by filtration methods, chloride content by previously reported method and heavy metal contents (Zn, V, Cd, Fe, Ni, Cu, Co, Pb, Cr and Mn); were analyzed using Microwave Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometer. The results of the solids and chloride contents of the poultry wastewater were TDS (3100 mg/L), TS (3700 mg/L), TSS (6000 mg/L) and chloride (4.7 g/L); all above the EPA permissible limits. Results of the FTIR analysis showed that ASS is an amide polymer while the CS and ES shells are mixtures of amide and carbonate polymers. Also, results of heavy metal analysis before and after adsorption showed that ASS caused removal of Zn, V, Fe, Cu, Co/ Pb and Mn by 48.27, 32.22, 49.64, 91.44, 100 and 82.39% respectively while Cd, Ni and Cr contents increased by 31, 61 and 48.3% respectively. CS showed removal of Fe, Ni/ Co/ Cr, Pb and Mn by 89.64, 100, 3.51 and 95.96% respectively while Zn, V, Cd and Cu contents increased by 1.7, 61.2, 76.1 and 68.1% respectively. Meanwhile, with ES, the contents of Zn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Cr and Mn increased by 31.56, 86.36, 100, 55.5, 45.80 and 90.33% respectively while the contents of V, Cd, Co and Pb decreased by 78.9, 86.7, 42.5 and 46.2% respectively. This study demonstrated the use of ASS, CS and ES as low- cost and eco-friendly agricultural wastes with significant potential for removal of heavy metals from wastewaters.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Treatment Processes for Landfill Leachate Using Low-Cost Agro-Industrial Materials

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq J. H. Banch ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Abbas F. M. Alkarkhi ◽  
Salem S. A. Amr ◽  
Nurul U. M. Nizam
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Industrial Materials ◽  
Palm Oil Mill ◽  
Complex Liquid

Leachate is a complex liquid that is often produced from landfills, and it contains hazardous substances that may endanger the surrounding environment if ineffectively treated. In this work, four leachate treatment applications were examined: combined leachate/palm oil mill effluent (POME) (LP), leachate/tannin (LT), pre-(leachate/tannin) followed by post-(leachate/POME) (LT/LP), and pre-(leachate/POME) followed by post-(leachate/tannin) (LP/LT). The aim of this work is to evaluate and compare the performance of these treatment applications in terms of optimizing the physicochemical parameters and removing heavy metals from the leachate. The highest efficiency for the optimization of the most targeted physicochemical parameters and the removal of heavy metals was with the LP/LT process. The results are indicative of three clusters. The first cluster involves raw leachate (cluster 1), the second contains LP and LP/LT (cluster 2), and the third also consists of two treatment applications, namely, LT and LT/LP (cluster 3). The results demonstrate that LP/LT is the most appropriate method for leachate treatment using low-cost agro-industrial materials.

scholarly journals Adsorption capability of brewed tea waste in waters containing toxic lead(II), cadmium (II), nickel (II), and zinc(II) heavy metal ions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Çelebi ◽  
Gülden Gök ◽  
Oğuzhan Gök
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Adsorption Capacities ◽  
Tea Waste ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm Model ◽  
Adsorption Capability

Abstract Recently, the search for low-cost eco-friendly adsorbents has become one of the main objectives of researchers. The aim of this study was to test the removal of four heavy metals, namely lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd), from a simulated watery solution using brewed tea waste as a potentially suitable adsorbent. The effects of pH levels (2.0–6.0), adsorbent amount (0.1–5.0 g), contact times (1–150 min.) were examined throughout the adsorption process. The results of the experiments showed that the heavy metals elimination yields had an inverse relationship with pH and a linear relationship between the other parameters. The optimum pH for the removal of the heavy metals was between 4.0 and 5.0 in the case of the brewed tea waste. Equilibrium times of 2, 10, 30 and 5 min were required for the adsorption of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cd onto Camellia sinensis, respectively. Based on the results of this study it can be said that brewed tea waste has a high potential to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. The maximum adsorption capacities were calculated as 1.197, 1.457, 1.163 and 2.468 mg/g, for Pb, Zn, Ni and Cd, respectively, by fitting the equilibrium data to the Langmuir isotherm model.

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