Recent Patents on Boiler Burners for Natural Gas

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
Daolong Yang ◽  
Jianping Li ◽  
Yanxiang Wang ◽  
Chao Tian ◽  
Chi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Boiler Burner ◽  
Low Nitrogen

Background: With the development of natural gas and shale gas worldwide, the consumption of gas will continue to increase in the future. Natural gas is flammable and explosive, and the exhaust gas produced during the combustion of natural gas in boiler burners is one of the main sources of NOx in the air. Objective: This paper introduces patents and researches of natural gas boiler burners to improve the safety of natural gas boiler burners and reduce the emission of nitrogen oxides. Methods: In summarizing the existing boiler burner for natural gas, this paper introduces three new patents of natural gas boiler burner: the low-nitrogen burner, the energy-saving leakage-detecting burner and the small boiler burner. Results: The low-nitrogen burner identifies the fixed control of gas flow, enhances the gas flow’s antiinterference ability, and achieves a relatively accurate ratio of the fuel-air flow. The energy-saving leakage-detecting burner enhances the natural gas and air flow stability and improves combustion efficiency and the safety and reliability by optimizing the ratio of natural gas to air. The small boiler burner improves the safety and reliability of the natural gas boiler burner, prolongs the service life of the igniter, and makes up for the shortcomings of high stability in the gas pressure. Conclusion: On the basis of ensuring the safety of the burner, the low-nitrogen transformation of the boiler burner is as energy-efficient as possible in order to maximize the advantages of natural gas resources.

scholarly journals Studi Penggunaan Variable Speed Drive Untuk Pengaturan Kecepatan Motor Exhaust Fan Pada Dyno Test Room PT. Trakindo Utama Pekanbaru

JURNAL TEKNIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Elham Prasetyo Wibowo ◽  
Elvira Zondra ◽  
Usaha Situmeang
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Induction Motor ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Variable Speed Drive ◽  
Combustion Gas ◽  
Motor Exhaust

                                                                                                                                      ABSTRAK              Exhaust fan adalah peralatan berupa sudu-sudu yang berputar dan memanfaatkan gaya sentrifugal untuk membuang exhaust gas hasil pembakaran bahan bakar solar engine diesel pada saat dilakukan tes pembebanan penuh. Dengan exhaust fan, gas karbondioksida yang dihasilkan oleh engine diesel memungkinkan untuk dibuang dengan cepat sehingga tidak memenuhi ruangan dan membahayakan bagi setiap karyawan. Pengoperasian exhaust fan dilakukan sesuai jadwal pengetesan engine. Exhaust fan tersebut digerakkan oleh motor induksi 3 phasa 30 kW dengan putaran nominal secara konstan. Pada saat pengetesan engine dengan nilai aliran gas buang yang rendah, exhaust fan tetap dioperasikan dengan kecepatan nominal. Operasional motor exhaust fan dengan kecepatan konstan seperti ini akan mengakibatkan konsumsi daya listrik yang relatif tinggi dari pada motor dengan kecepatan berubah-ubah sesuai kebutuhan. Sebagai pertimbangan hasil perhitungan untuk engine C 18 Caterpillar kapasitas 831 hp yang sebelumya  membutuhkan operasional exhaust fan dengan daya 24,7927 kW nilai sama untuk semua model engine, setelah penggunaan VSD dapat dikurangi sebesar 14,35 %  menjadi 21,2343 kW saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan probabilitas hubungan antara konsumsi energi listrik, frekuensi pada variable speed drive, putaran motor induksi dan nilai aliran udara pada cerobong exhaust fan. Nilai aliran udara exhaust fan tersebut akan disesuaikan dengan nilai aliran gas pembakaran yang dihasilkan oleh engine. Analisa optimasi motor exhaust fan ini sedianya akan menggunakan Matematic Analysis dan simulasi menggunakan simulink matlab sehingga diharapkan ada solusi untuk melakukan penghematan terhadap konsumsi daya motor, kemudian bisa diterapkan dalam semua pengoperasian motor yang ada di perusahaan.   Kata kunci : variable speed drive, motor induksi, exhaust fan                                                                                                                                            ABSTRACT              The exhaust fan is a rotary blade device which produces centrifugal force to remove exhaust gas from diesel fuel combustion during a full load test. With exhaust fans, the carbondioxide gases that generated by the diesel engine allows to be disposed quickly so that it does not fill the room and harm to every employee. The operation of  exhaust fan is carried out according to the engine test schedule. The exhaust fan is driven by a 3 phase induction motor of  30 kW with constant rotation. When testing the engine with a low Exhaust Gas flow value, the exhaust fan remains operated at rated speed. Operational exhaust fan with a constant speed like this will result in relatively high power consumption of the motor with the speed of change as needed. Considering the calculation results for C 18 engine Caterpillar capacity of 831 hp which previously required operational exhaust fan with 24,7927 kW of equal value for all engine models, after the use of VSD can be reduced by 14.35% to 21.2343 kW only. This study aims to obtain the probability of relationship between electrical energy consumption, frequency on the variable speed drive, induction motor rotation and the value of air flow in the exhaust fan chimney. The value of the exhaust fan air flow will be adjusted to the combustion gas flow value generated by the engine. The optimization analysis of this motor exhaust fan will be using Matematic Analysis and simulation using matlab simulink so it is expected there is a solution to make savings to motor power consumption, then it can be applied in all the motor operation in the company.   Keywords: variable speed drive, induction motor, exhaust fan

ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SAVING WORK AT COMPRESSOR STATIONS OF MAIN GAS PIPELINES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulnaz Moldabayeva ◽  
◽  
Raikhan Suleimenova ◽  
Mukan Sadvakasov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Gas Pipelines ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Priority Areas ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Gas Supply

Currently, the national operator of gas supply in Kazakhstan pays special attention to the rational use of natural gas for its own and technological needs while maintaining optimal control of the gas transmission system, taking into account the specific technical situation of the equipment. Energy efficient management of gas pipelines is one of the priority areas for optimizing gas costs.

Simulation of Char Dust Combustion Inside a Pyroscrubber Downstream of a Petroleum Coke Calcining Kiln

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Zhao ◽  
Ting Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Particle Combustion

A pyroscrubber is a furnace used in the petroleum coke calcining industry to recover energy from the carbonaceous contents, including char dust and hydrocarbon volatiles of the exhaust gas from the calcination kiln. The combusted hot gases are used to generate steam and produce electricity, so it is important to optimize the pyroscrubber performance to produce high-grade combusted gases to generate steam but with minimal emissions. A previous study employed the locally-homogeneous flow (LHF) model to study rhe means to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. In the LHF model, the inter-phase exchange rates of mass, momentum and energy are assumed to be infinitely fast, so the dispersed phase (char dust) can be simplified as the gas phase, and the complex two-phase flow is then treated as a single-phase flow. In this study, LHF model is replaced with a solid particle combustion model by incorporating both finite-rate heterogeneous and homogeneous combustion processes. Results reveal that the particle combustion model generates much higher local flame temperature (2200K) than in LHF model (1800K). All char particles are burned before or in the high-bay area. Total energy output of the case with particle combustion model is 92% of the LHF model. Furthermore, motivated by the potential energy saving from removing the air blower power supply, this study further investigates the possible benefit of running the pyroscrubber with the ventilation doors open. Three cases with different combinations of air injections and door opening have been studied. Results show that the gas flow is stably stratified with a large amount of the entrained cold air moving at the bottom of the chamber and the hot combusted gas moving through the top. With bottom doors completely open, sufficient air can be drawn into the pyroscrubber without the need of blowing air in, but the combustion gases will be overcooled making this practice unfavorable from the energy saving point of view.

Evaluation of a Micro Gas Turbine Fed by Blends of Biomass Producer Gas and Natural Gas

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Prussi ◽  
Giovanni Riccio ◽  
David Chiaramonti ◽  
Francesco Martelli
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Producer Gas ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Micro Gas Turbine ◽  
Characteristic Lines ◽  
Bioenergy Generation ◽  
Full Load Operation

Small scale gasification is a promising technology for bioenergy generation. Reciprocating engines are usually combined with downdraft gasifiers, nevertheless this approach is associated with high emissions, in particular CO and NOx and with a limited co-generation potential. MGT technology, rapidly improved during the last years, offers the possibility to reduce the levels of pollutants in the exhaust. Moreover they offer some other advantages in the small size range, such as a higher exhaust gas flow at higher temperatures, while maintaining a similar net electric efficiency. Evaluating the possibility to couple a MGT with a gasifier, the quality of the producer gas is also a relevant issue. In this work an overview of the typical gas quality produced by existing small scale gasifiers is carried out; moreover, a review regarding the syngas combustion in GT is realized, considering GT requirements related to gas composition. Co-firing with natural gas is considered, in order to reduce the modification needed to the engine. An evaluation of the proper range of mixing is then carried out. The performances of a commercial 100 kWel MGT are then simulated by means of an “in-house” developed code named AMOS (Advanced MGT system Operation Simulator). This tool allows to perform a steady-state matching analysis based on the characteristic lines of each component, when using a low calorific gas in a MGT. Producer gas and natural gas mixtures are considered and a parametric study is carried out. Performances were computed considering MGT full-load operation.

scholarly journals AIR SUPPLY REGULATOR FOR THE WORKING SPACE HEAT INSTALLATION BASED ON FUZZY LOGIC

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-121
Author(s):  
Mikhail Vasil'ev ◽  
◽  
Sergei Andreev ◽  
Ivan Vasil'ev ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Fuzzy Control ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Air Flow ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Control Mode ◽  
Working Space ◽  
Excess Air

The combustion process in the working space of a heat installation is simulated. The static characteristic of the dependence of fuel consumption on air consumption in the conditions of stabilization of heat generated as a result of the combustion process is shown, therefore, the possibility of optimizing this process is proved. A block diagram, mathematical model and algorithm for calculating energy-saving fuzzy control of the combustion process in the working space of a thermal installation are developed. Combustion Membership functions of fuzzy sets for input linguistic variables are compiled. The rule bases are formulated taking into account the static characteristics of the control object. Examples of technological and linguistic justification of fuzzy controller rules are given. The dynamics of changing the controlled parameter is determined by solving two differential equations. The search for levels of "cut-offs" for the prerequisites of each of the rules using the "minimum" operation in accordance with the compiled database of rules is performed. The defuzzification procedure was performed (bringing it to clarity). The advantages of this system over traditional stabilizing control systems under the action of a set of random factors and a significantly nonlinear relationship between input and output values are shown. Optimal values of scaling factors for the developed automatic control system are determined. Let's consider an example of the formation of a control effect when implementing fuzzy energy-saving control of the combustion process in the working space of the boiler unit No. 3 of the GKP-1A UGPU of Gazprom dobycha Urengoy LLC. The calculations of the amount of inleakage of atmospheric air, excess air flow, the sectional area of the pipe supplying air, the total air flow in the working space of the thermal installation, the volume of natural gas participating in the combustion process, heat resulting from the combustion, the amount of air that did not participate in the combustion process, the amount of heat required to increase the temperature of excess air until the average temperature of the flue gas remaining heat of the combustion reaction, changes in the oxygen concentration in the exhaust flue gases depending on the air flow to the burner. The functional dependence of the flue gas temperature on the natural gas consumption is constructed by approximating the initial data of the regime map of the steam boiler. The dynamic properties of an inertia-delayed controlled process are taken into account when using the Euler method. The combustion control mode influence on the specific fuel consumption is estimated. The effects of using a system with fuzzy control in terms of saving natural gas and electricity over the entire range of performance of a thermal installation are estimated.

scholarly journals Research on the experimental performance of gas-fired boiler based on the total heat recovery technology of absorption heat pump

2021 ◽  
Vol 261 ◽  
pp. 01059
Author(s):  
Xujing Zhai ◽  
Shoutao Tian ◽  
Kelin Zhu ◽  
Pan Huang ◽  
Jin Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
Absorption Heat Pump ◽  
Reconstruction Project ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

Based on an example of a gas-fired boiler for an industrial user in Tianjin, the absorption heat pump technology was used to carry out energy-saving transformation of the above boiler. The actual test was carried out on the gas flow, exhaust gas temperature and other parameters from January 2, 2018 to February 26, 2018. And then, the thermal efficiency of the boiler was analysed. The results show that after the energy-saving transformation, the exhaust gas temperature of the gas-fired boiler can be reduced from 140 °C to about 40 °C, and the overall thermal efficiency of the boiler also rises from 89.5% to 101.3%, which is 13.2% higher than that before optimization. According to the economic analysis, the energy-saving reconstruction project can achieve an energy-saving economic benefit of 1.598 million yuan throughout the year, with obvious energy-saving and emission reduction benefits.

Simulation of Char Dust Combustion Inside a Pyroscrubber Downstream of a Petroleum Coke Calcining Kiln

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Lei ◽  
Wang Ting
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Petroleum Coke ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Particle Combustion

A pyroscrubber is a furnace used in the petroleum coke calcining industry to recover energy from the carbonaceous contents, including char dust and hydrocarbon volatiles of the exhaust gas from the calcination kiln. The combusted hot gases are used to generate steam and produce electricity, so it is important to optimize the pyroscrubber performance to produce high-grade combusted gases to generate steam but with minimal emissions. A previous study employed the locally-homogeneous flow (LHF) model to study the means to improve combustion efficiency and reduce emissions. In the LHF model, the interphase exchange rates of mass, momentum and energy are assumed to be infinitely fast, so the dispersed phase (char dust) can be simplified as the gas phase, and the complex two-phase flow is then treated as a single-phase flow. In this study, LHF model is replaced with a solid particle combustion model by incorporating both finite-rate heterogeneous and homogeneous combustion processes. Results reveal that the particle combustion model generates much higher local flame temperature (2200 K) than in LHF model (1800 K). All char particles are burned before or in the high-bay area. Total energy output of the case with particle combustion model is 92% of the LHF model. Furthermore, motivated by the potential energy saving from removing the air blower power supply, this study further investigates the possible benefit of running the pyroscrubber with the ventilation doors open. Three cases with different combinations of air injections and door opening have been studied. Results show that the gas flow is stably stratified with a large amount of the entrained cold air moving at the bottom of the chamber and the hot combusted gas moving through the top. With the bottom doors completely open, sufficient air can be drawn into the pyroscrubber without the need of blowing air in, but the combustion gases will be overcooled making this practice unfavorable from the energy saving point of view.

SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING PRINCIPLES OF EFFICIENT FUEL USE AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY GAS COMBUSTION IN STOVE PLATES. PART 1. MODERN STATE-OF-THE-ART AND DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVEMENT THE GAS BURNING IN DOMESTIC GAS COOKERS

2017 ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.S. Soroka ◽  
V.V. Horupa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Orifice Diameter ◽  
Firing Process ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Gas Stoves

Natural gas NG consumption in industry and energy of Ukraine, in recent years falls down as a result of the crisis in the country’s economy, to a certain extent due to the introduction of renewable energy sources along with alternative technologies, while in the utility sector the consumption of fuel gas flow rate enhancing because of an increase the number of consumers. The natural gas is mostly using by domestic purpose for heating of premises and for cooking. These items of the gas utilization in Ukraine are already exceeding the NG consumption in industry. Cooking is proceeding directly in the living quarters, those usually do not meet the requirements of the Ukrainian norms DBN for the ventilation procedures. NG use in household gas stoves is of great importance from the standpoint of controlling the emissions of harmful components of combustion products along with maintenance the satisfactory energy efficiency characteristics of NG using. The main environment pollutants when burning the natural gas in gas stoves are including the nitrogen oxides NOx (to a greater extent — highly toxic NO2 component), carbon oxide CO, formaldehyde CH2O as well as hydrocarbons (unburned UHC and polyaromatic PAH). An overview of environmental documents to control CO and NOx emissions in comparison with the proper norms by USA, EU, Russian Federation, Australia and China, has been completed. The modern designs of the burners for gas stoves are considered along with defining the main characteristics: heat power, the natural gas flow rate, diameter of gas orifice, diameter and spacing the firing openings and other parameters. The modern physical and chemical principles of gas combustion by means of atmospheric ejection burners of gas cookers have been analyzed from the standpoints of combustion process stabilization and of ensuring the stability of flares. Among the factors of the firing process destabilization within the framework of analysis above mentioned, the following forms of unstable combustion/flame unstabilities have been considered: flashback, blow out or flame lifting, and the appearance of flame yellow tips. Bibl. 37, Fig. 11, Tab. 7.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document