Academic Technology Transfer in Poland-30 Years of Growth

Organizations managing technology transfer from universities to the private sector, although born in Poland with a significant delay compared to Western European countries, are currently important actors in the Polish innovation system. The article summarizes the process of shaping the role and models of the functioning of these organizations. It discusses the status and functions of technology transfer centers and the institutional environment of academic technology transfer in Poland: legal framework, support programs, and partner organizations. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of cooperation networks in technology transfer and draws attention to specific initiatives focused on technology transfer in the biotechnology and pharmacy sectors.

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Towards An Effective Legal And Regulatory Framework for Public-Private Partnerships in Malaysia: Lessons From the South African Experience

IIUM Law Journal ◽

10.31436/iiumlj.v23i2.203 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Mubarak T Adekilekun ◽

C. C. Gan

Keyword(s):

Private Sector ◽

South African ◽

Institutional Environment ◽

Private Investment ◽

Legal Framework ◽

The South ◽

Legal Regime ◽

Investment Returns ◽

The Government ◽

Private Investors

In order to ensure a sustained cooperation with both the local and international private investors in Malaysia especially in the provision of public infrastructure, the government needs to develop very strong legal and regulatory capabilities which will help in providing stable institutional environment for private investment. At the same time, there is the need for commitment on the part of government to the regulatory rules so that they are perceived as credible by investors. Where the legal regime is weak or non-existent, private investment decisions will be adversely affected. No doubt, South Africa has developed one of the best legal and regulatory regimes for efficient procurement systems in the world and the project pipelines have greatly increased in recent times. This article therefore, examines the existing legal framework for Public-Private Partnership procurement in Malaysia and draws lessons from the South African legal regime. The article finally argues that for Malaysia to continue to attract and expand its investment atmosphere for the private sector there is the need for a clear and transparent legal and regulatory procurement framework which can seriously help in building confidence in the private sector and also guarantee their investment returns.

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Analysis of innovation system and technology transfer

SHS Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/shsconf/202111001025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 110 ◽

pp. 01025

Author(s):

Tatyana Maximova ◽

Nada Eid

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Swot Analysis ◽

Technological Development ◽

Innovation System ◽

Scientific Research ◽

Integrated System ◽

Economic Sectors ◽

Innovation And Technology ◽

The Status ◽

Effective Role

The importance of scientific research and technological development is reflected in the fact that it is a fundamental contributor to meeting the needs of the industrial and economic sectors, creating job opportunities, and enhancing revenues by employing its outputs, in addition to its effective role in community building, development and welfare. In this paper, we have chosen the Syrian Arab Republic as an example for the analysis of the innovation system and technology transfer. We review the status of scientific research and technological development in Syria, since its official inception in 1958 until the present time. We conduct an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats in the innovation and technology transfer system in Syria (SWOT analysis). In order to reach an integrated system based on scientific research, we present a set of recommendations that help enhance strengths and overcome weaknesses. These recommendations also help to exploit the available opportunities and turn them into strengths, in addition to finding appropriate solutions to the risks faced by the innovation system in Syria.

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Legal Status and Rights of the Pet (companion) Animals and Ensuring Their Harmonious Coexistence with Citizens According to Legislation of Georgia

Law and World ◽

10.36475/7.5.7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (5) ◽

pp. 109-123

Keyword(s):

Animal Rights ◽

Legal Status ◽

Central Government ◽

Companion Animals ◽

Legal Framework ◽

Legal Regulation ◽

European Countries ◽

Desirable Outcome ◽

The Status ◽

Legal Document

The goal of the present article is to give the reader an insight in the problems of regulating pet issues in Georgia, as well as ongoing trends and up-to-date views in the European countries, to identify the causes of problems of legal regulation and management in the given field and to give an impetus to those interested in the topic and problems to find ways to address the problem. The source of the article was the effective legislation of Georgia, which was duly studied, including the normative acts adopted by the central authority and municipal bodies, as wellas the nation- al legislations of the European countries, international legal documents and the managerial practice of the branch in Georgia. Following the study of the problem considered in the article, it was found that Georgia lacks a single legal framework to systematically and thoroughly regulate pet issues. Neither does the country have a legislative act that would define the status of pets. Consequently, there is no quality and comprehensive legal document at the municipal level derived from the nationwide legislative act. There have been attempts at the levels of both, the central government and concrete municipalities, to address pet issues. However, such attempts are fragmental and non-systemic and fail to cover complex measures. As a result, it is impossible to obtain a desirable outcome in respect of safety of people and animals and protection of animal rights.

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The Regional Law of Refugee Protection in Africa

10.1093/oso/9780198826224.001.0001 ◽

2018 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marina Sharpe

Keyword(s):

Human Rights ◽

Legal Framework ◽

African Unity ◽

Refugee Protection ◽

Original Analysis ◽

The Status ◽

Organization Of African Unity ◽

African Charter ◽

African Refugee ◽

Institutional Architecture

This book analyses the legal framework for refugee protection in Africa, including both refugee and human rights law as well as treaty and institutional elements. The regime is addressed in two parts. Part I analyses the relevant treaties: the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees, the 1969 Organization of African Unity Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa, and the 1981 African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights. The latter two regional instruments are examined in depth. This includes the first fulsome account of the African Refugee Convention’s drafting, an interpretation of its unique refugee definition, and original analysis of the relationships between the three treaties. Significant attention is devoted to the systemic relationship between the international and the regional refugee treaties and to the discrete relationships of conflict and relationships of interpretation between the two refugee instruments, as well as to the relationships of conflict and of interpretation between the African Refugee Convention and African Charter. Part II focuses on the institutional architecture supporting the treaty framework. The Organization of African Unity is addressed in a historical sense, and the contemporary roles of the African Union, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and the current and contemplated African human rights courts are examined. This book is the first devoted to the legal framework for refugee protection in Africa.

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The Developmental Consequences for Asylum-seeking Children Living With the Prospect for Five Years or More of Enforced Return to Their Home Country

European Journal of Migration and Law ◽

10.1163/157181609x410584 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 41-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

M.E. Kalverboer ◽

A.E. Zijlstra ◽

E.J. Knorth

Keyword(s):

Home Country ◽

Children's Rights ◽

Legal Framework ◽

European Countries ◽

Children’S Rights ◽

Positive Development ◽

Member States ◽

Developmental Risks ◽

Western European ◽

Legal Procedures

This study examines the European legal framework and policy on children’s rights and on the development and developmental risks of children from asylum-seeking families who have lived in asylum centres for over five years with the prospect of being forced to return to their home country. The legal procedures and practices of Member States in the Western European countries seem to be far too lengthy, and the standards for reception far too low to protect the children’s positive development.

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Technology transfer in innovation networks

International Journal of Engineering Business Management ◽

10.1177/1847979017735748 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. 184797901773574 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Giovanna Ferraro ◽

Antonio Iovanella

Keyword(s):

Technology Transfer ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Network Science ◽

European Countries ◽

Innovation Networks ◽

Science Approach

This article offers a network perspective on the collaborative effects of technology transfer, providing a research methodology based on the network science paradigm. We argue that such an approach is able to map and describe the set of entities acting in the technology transfer environment and their mutual relationships. We outline how the connections’ patterns shape the organization of the networks by showing the role of the members within the system. By means of a case study of a transnational initiative aiming to support the technology transfer within European countries, we analyse the application of the network science approach, giving evidence of its relative implications.

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Restructuring of State Enterprises as a Prerequisite for Economic Growth in the Republic of Serbia

Economic Themes ◽

10.2478/ethemes-2021-0001 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Edvard Jakopin ◽

Aleksandar Gračanac ◽

Jugoslav Aničić

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Institutional Environment ◽

Legal Framework ◽

The State ◽

Balance Sheets ◽

State Sector ◽

Business Operation ◽

Exogenous Shocks ◽

The Republic ◽

State Enterprises

AbstractThis study of the performance of state-owned enterprises in Serbia has shown that the state has great difficulties managing the enterprises that are in its portfolio and under its control. The adaptation of state-owned enterprises to exogenous shocks unfolds at a slow pace and is faced with many problems. The institutional environment for the strategic restructuring of the state sector is not in the service of strengthening the efficiency of its business operation. The study has shown that the economic performance of state-owned enterprises exerts a direct influence on economic growth, the budget, government balance sheets, and debt. While the “healthy” enterprises (the ones conducting their business successfully) are valuable state-owned property, enterprises with a loss or over indebted enterprises are obligations which demand intervention through the injection of additional capital or through other forms of help from the state. The main goal of restructuring state-owned enterprises is to improve responsibility and efficiency. The array of measures for improving efficiency ranges from modifications of the legal framework and corporate governance of socially owned enterprises (including corporatization and separation of activities) to the sale of property to the private sector or complete privatization. Reforms are aimed at improving the transparency and responsibility of state-owned enterprises, not just for the purpose of efficiency, but also for the purpose of harmonization with the ethical and deontological requirements.

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