Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using Different Leaf Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum Linn for Anti-tubercular Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-157
Author(s):  
Arti Gupta ◽  
Sonia Pandey ◽  
Bharat Variya ◽  
Shailesh Shah ◽  
Jitendra Singh Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Vitro Model

Background: Tuberculosis is a greatest threat to human health. It requires urgent need to seek new devise alternate strategies and ant-tubercular compounds. In the present scenario, Nonmaterias, have opened new avenues in medicine, diagnosis and therapeutics. Objective: In view of this, the current study aims to synthesize gold nanoparticles and determine its efficacy to inhibit Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Methods: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) synthesized from medicinal plant, such as Ocimum gratissimum linn, were tested against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RV strain). Gold nanoparticles were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM and TEM. TEM results revealed that the GNPs were found spherical in structure and around 10-25 nm in diameter. UV-Vis spectroscopy exhibited an absorption peak at 348 nm. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy showed the GNPs have coated with phytoconstituents (terpenoids) that indicate the role of bio-molecules responsible for efficient stabilization and capping of the gold nanoparticles. In vitro model was designed to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of each sample by Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) slope method. Results: The results showed that the presence of ursolic acid in ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts was found to be 2.89% and 1.97%, respectively. GNPs of ethanolic and hydroalcoholic exhibited anti-tubercular activity, with MIC 2.5 µg/ml and 20 µg/ml, respectively. While ethanolic and hydroalcoholic extracts showed such activity at concentrations 50 µg/ml and 75 µg/ml, respectively. Conclusion: GNPs synthesized from ethanolic extract showed profound efficiency to kill mycobacteria. As in this method no chemical reagents were used, the synthesized gold nanoparticles have potential for biological applications. There is an urgent need to further development of nano-antibiotic for tuberculosis.

scholarly journals TLC Profiling of Leaves Extracts of Some Aloe Threatened Species Endemic to Madagascar for Their Antioxidant Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 653-662
Author(s):  
Rokiman Letsara ◽  
Rigobert Andrianantenaina ◽  
Gédéon Ngiala Bongo ◽  
Colette Masengo Ashande ◽  
Mahendra Ilmi S Matondang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
World Health ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization reported that at least 80% of populations rely on traditional medicine and medicinal plants for their primary health care. Due to their phytochemical compounds, the plants of the Aloe genus are reported to have high potential antiCovid-19 (and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study is to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of some Malagasy endangered species of Aloe genus. The ethanolic extract of few Aloe of Madagascar leaf extracts was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition using hexane. In total 18 different fractions from 9 species have been used to determine their antioxidant activity through in vitro model by using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Both hexanic extract and aqueous extract displayed antioxidant activities in four species. The most evident antioxidant activity was expressed by A. helenae.

scholarly journals Effect of Piper nigrum (Linn.) seeds extract and second line anti-tuberculosis drugs on a few Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 402-406
Author(s):  
G. V. Zodape ◽  
S. N. Dharmashale ◽  
V. S. Gaikwad
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Drug Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
Amino Salicylic Acid ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Proportion Method

Piper nigrum (Linn.) belonging to the family Piperaceae have been reported for its multitudinous medicinal values. The present study was undertaken to examine the direct effect of Ethionamide (ETH), Para amino salicylic acid (PAS), ethanolic extracts of P. nigrum on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strain H37Rv and Multi drug-resistant (MDR)-strains-12, 19 and 21. The proportion method was used to detect the anti-mycobacterial drug susceptibility testing for mycobacteria using Lowenstein Jensen (LJ) medium. It was found that P. nigrum does not interfere with single or in the combination of both ETH and PAS showing the bioenhancer activity. In vitro study of ethanolic extract of P. nigrum observed that the extract inhibited the growth of H37Rv strains and MDR strains-12, MDR strains 19, and MDR strains 21. The present results will pave new avenues to find a new medicine that possesses P. nigrum alone or in combination with drugs to combat MDR-strains controlling tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun Mengkudu (Morindra citrifolia Linn) dan Scopoletin secara In-Vitro terhadap Bakteri Tuberkulosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Estu Mahanani Dhilasari ◽  
Idha Kusumawati Kusumawati ◽  
Riesta Primaharinastiti Primaharinastiti
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Tuberculosis Activity ◽  
Strain H37rv ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Strain

Penyakit tuberkulosis disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Secara tradisional mengkudu digunakan untuk pengobatan tuberkulosis. Scopoletin merupakan komponen utama dalam mengkudu, oleh karena itu scopoletin sering dijadikan marker dalam studi farmakokinetik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui aktivitas anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37RV) ekstrak daun mengkudu dan scopoletin melalui penentuan Konsentrasi Hambat Minimum (KHM). Uji aktivitas antibakteri dan penentuan KHM dari ekstrak etanol 50% daun mengkudu dilakukan dengan metode dilusi agar dengan konsentrasi 1,0×10-4 µg/ml – 5,1×10-11 µg/ml. Uji aktivitas menunjukan bahwa ekstrak etanol 50% daun mengkudu dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Mycobacterium tuberculosis dengan KHM 4,0×10-6 µg/ml. Sedangkan scopoletin dengan konsentrasi yang setara dengan kandungan pada ekstrak tidak menunjukan aktivitas anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosisnya.Kata kunci: Mengkudu, Scopoletin, tuberkulosisTuberculosis (TB) is a disease caused by a bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Morinda citrifolia Linn has been found to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Scopoletin is a major component in Morinda citrifolia Linn, therefore scopoletin often used as markers in studies of pharmacokinetic. This research purpose to determine anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain H37RV) activity based on the value of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) used to ethanolic extracts from Morinda citrifolia Linn leaf and scopoletin. Experiment of anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis activities tested by well dillution methods with a dose 1,0×10-4 µg/ml – 5,1×10-11 µg/ml . The results showed that ethanolic extract Morinda citrifolia Linn leaf  were found to be active to Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity with MIC 4×10-6 µg/ml while scopoletin at the same concentration with extract had no anti­- Mycobacterium tuberculosis activity.Keywords:  Noni, scopoletin, tuberculosis

scholarly journals ANTITUBERCULOSIS ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF TINOSPORA CRISPA AGAINST MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS H37RV USING MYCOBACTERIA GROWTH INDICATOR TUBE AND AGAR PROPORTION METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Retno Wahyuningrum ◽  
Ritmaleni Ritmaleni ◽  
Tatang Irianti ◽  
Subagus Wahyuono ◽  
Takushi Kaneko
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Drug Candidates ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv ◽  
Indicator Tube ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
Proportion Method ◽  
Growth Indicator

 Objective: The increasing incidence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) has created a need to discover a new anti-TB drug candidates. The aim of this study was to screen extract and fractions of Tinospora crispa for activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.Methods: The dried and pulverized T. crispa stem was extracted by maceration method using ethanol (96%). The anti-TB activity was carried out using mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) system and agar proportion method with Lowenstein–Jensen (LJ) medium.Result: The result of this study showed that ethanolic extract and fractions of T. Crispa did not exhibit anti-TB activity in the range of 100–1000 μg/ml with MGIT method, while with agar proportion method, there were M. tuberculosis colonies growth on the LJ containing 1000 μg/ml extract slants.Conclusion: The tested extract and fractions of T. crispa have no anti-TB activity against M. tuberculosis until 1000 μg/ml.

scholarly journals Fungitoxic effect of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Ocimum gratissimum and Benlate in the control of Post harvest Fungal diseases of Solanum melongena Linn (Egg plant).

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-157
Author(s):  
Chiejina Nneka V. ◽  
Gambari Uthman Olatunji Bola
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Pathogenicity Test ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Ocimum Gratissimum ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Egg Plant

Fungitoxic properties of ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Azadirachta indica, Ocimum gratissimum and benlate were used in vitro for the control of post-harvest fungal diseases of Solanum melongena, caused by Aspergillus niger, Rhizoctonia solani and Mucor ramosissimus. Pathogenicity test confirmed them as the causal organisms of the fruit rots. The three pathogens were treated with both ethanol and aqueous leaf extracts of the two plants at concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% and benlate at concentrations between 2.5 and 10.0%. Various concentrations were added to prepared Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) media. The pathogens were inoculated separately into the PDA media and were incubated for eight days. Fungitoxic effects of these extracts on the mycelial growth of the pathogens were significant at P?0.05 for all treatments. The pathogens were completely inhibited at 100% concentration of both extracts and at 10% concentration of benlate. With respect to ethanolic extract; O.gratissimum was more efficient than A. indica but not with aqueous extract.

In vitro Anti Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Activity of Lannea acida A. Rich from Burkina Faso

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Ouattara ◽  
J. Koudou ◽  
D.S. Karou ◽  
L. Giaco ◽  
G. Capelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Tuberculosis H37rv ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv

Biocontrol properties of some agricultural waste extracts on three nematode species in in vitro and in vivo conditions

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 837-846
Author(s):  
Ali Roshan-Bakhsh ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Mahdi Ayyari ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Nematicidal Activity ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Tomato Root ◽  
Infection Parameters

Summary Extracts of nine agricultural wastes prepared with five different solvents were assessed for their potential nematicidal activity against three nematode species, Aphelenchus avenae, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus neglectus, in in vitro condition. The 50% v/v hydro-ethanolic extracts showed the highest performance for two tested plant wastes of cabbage leaves and faba bean pods. These two extracts were tested on nematodes in three different concentrations. The highest in vitro nematistatic activity was recorded for 3000 and 1500 ppm of cabbage leaf extracts by 100% paralysis of all three nematode species after 48 h, and the highest nematicidal activity was recorded for the above-mentioned extract by 25-100% mortality depending on nematode species and extract concentration. A 14-94% mortality was recorded for all three species of nematodes after treatment with faba bean pod hydro-ethanolic extract in in vitro conditions. Hatching inhibition and repellent activity of cabbage leaf and faba bean pod extracts were observed in P. neglectus and M. incognita. In vivo assays confirmed the in vitro results when both of the extracts showed moderate to high inhibition of nematode population development and nematode infection parameters on tomato root system in pot experiments.

Effect of exogenous cardiolipin on the growth and viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 434 (1) ◽  
pp. 371-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Andreevskaya ◽  
T. G. Smirnova ◽  
Yu. A. Zhogina ◽  
D. I. Smirnova ◽  
Yu. L. Mikulovich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Tuberculosis H37rv ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37rv
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