The Relevance of Polyphenols in Obesity Therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-307
Author(s):  
Ana Faria ◽  
Cristina Pereira-Wilson ◽  
Rita Negrão
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Therapy

Delivery Efficacy Differences of Intravenous and Intraperitoneal Injection of Exosomes: Perspectives from Tracking Dye Labeled and MiRNA Encapsulated Exosomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xueying Zhou ◽  
Zhelong Li ◽  
Wenqi Sun ◽  
Guodong Yang ◽  
Changyang Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Drug Delivery Vehicles ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Administration Routes ◽  
In Vivo Distribution ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Mirna Abundance

Background: Exosomes are cell-derived nanovesicles that play vital roles in intercellular communication. Recently, exosomes are recognized as promising drug delivery vehicles. Up till now, how the in vivo distribution of exosomes is affected by different administration routes has not been fully understood. Methods: In the present study, in vivo distribution of exosomes following intravenous and intraperitoneal injection approaches was systemically analyzed by tracking the fluorescence-labeled exosomes and qPCR analysis of C. elegans specific miRNA abundance delivered by exosomes in different organs. Results: The results showed that exosomes administered through tail vein were mostly taken up by the liver, spleen and lungs while exosomes injected intraperitoneally were more dispersedly distributed. Besides the liver, spleen, and lungs, intraperitoneal injection effectively delivered exosomes into the visceral adipose tissue, making it a promising strategy for obesity therapy. Moreover, the results from fluorescence tracking and qPCR were slightly different, which could be explained by systemic errors. Conclusion: Together, our study reveals that different administration routes cause a significant differential in vivo distribution of exosomes, suggesting that optimization of the delivery route is prerequisite to obtain rational delivery efficiency in detailed organs.

scholarly journals Targeting Autophagy to Counteract Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Federico Pietrocola ◽  
José Manuel Bravo-San Pedro
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Redox Biology ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Treatment Of Obesity ◽  
Novel Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Shed Light

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) operate as key regulators of cellular homeostasis within a physiological range of concentrations, yet they turn into cytotoxic entities when their levels exceed a threshold limit. Accordingly, ROS are an important etiological cue for obesity, which in turn represents a major risk factor for multiple diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and cancer. Therefore, the implementation of novel therapeutic strategies to improve the obese phenotype by targeting oxidative stress is of great interest for the scientific community. To this end, it is of high importance to shed light on the mechanisms through which cells curtail ROS production or limit their toxic effects, in order to harness them in anti-obesity therapy. In this review, we specifically discuss the role of autophagy in redox biology, focusing on its implication in the pathogenesis of obesity. Because autophagy is specifically triggered in response to redox imbalance as a quintessential cytoprotective mechanism, maneuvers based on the activation of autophagy hold promises of efficacy for the prevention and treatment of obesity and obesity-related morbidities.

Aptamer-Functionalized Binary-Drug Delivery System for Synergetic Obesity Therapy

ACS Nano ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Chen ◽  
Xiaoyun He ◽  
Ruxin Gao ◽  
Xinyue Lan ◽  
Longjiao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Obesity Therapy

scholarly journals Are peptide conjugates the golden therapy against obesity?

2018 ◽  
Vol 238 (2) ◽  
pp. R109-R119 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Brandt ◽  
M Kleinert ◽  
M H Tschöp ◽  
T D Müller
Keyword(s):  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Small Subset ◽  
New Era ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
New Class ◽  
Sustained Weight Loss ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
The Way

Obesity is a worldwide pandemic, which can be fatal for the most extremely affected individuals. Lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise are largely ineffective and current anti-obesity medications offer little in the way of significant or sustained weight loss. Bariatric surgery is effective, but largely restricted to only a small subset of extremely obese patients. While the hormonal factors mediating sustained weight loss and remission of diabetes by bariatric surgery remain elusive, a new class of polypharmacological drugs shows potential to shrink the gap in efficacy between a surgery and pharmacology. In essence, this new class of drugs combines the beneficial effects of several independent hormones into a single entity, thereby combining their metabolic efficacy to improve systems metabolism. Such unimolecular drugs include single molecules with agonism at the receptors for glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1 and the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. In preclinical studies, these specially tailored multiagonists outperform both their mono-agonist components and current best in class anti-obesity medications. While clinical trials and vigorous safety analyses are ongoing, these drugs are poised to have a transformative effect in anti-obesity therapy and might hopefully lead the way to a new era in weight-loss pharmacology.

Obesity therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 387-410
Author(s):  
Jahangir Moini ◽  
Raheleh Ahangari ◽  
Carrie Miller ◽  
Mohtashem Samsam
Keyword(s):  
Obesity Therapy

A safe and efficient bioactive citrate-lysine/miRNA33 agonist nanosystem for high fat diet-induced obesity therapy

2020 ◽  
pp. 127304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long Zhang ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Mi Chen ◽  
Wen Niu ◽  
Wenguang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Obesity Therapy

The role of NPY in metabolic homeostasis: implications for obesity therapy

2000 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1327-1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike A Wieland ◽  
Bradford S Hamilton ◽  
Bernd Krist ◽  
Henri N Doods
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Homeostasis ◽  
Obesity Therapy

Natural products in anti-obesity therapy

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (9) ◽  
pp. 1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilze Vermaak ◽  
Alvaro M. Viljoen ◽  
Josias H. Hamman
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Obesity Therapy

scholarly journals ZHENG May Contribute to Obesity Phenotypes Based on Body Composition: A Pilot Study on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Tao ◽  
Hao Lu ◽  
Jean-Michel Oppert ◽  
Arnaud Basdevant
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Chinese Medicine ◽  
Traditional Chinese Medicine ◽  
Type B ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Type D ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Regional Body Composition ◽  
Total Fat

Objective.Obesity therapy needs new approaches to complement current phenotyping systems. This study aims to assess associations between the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) ZHENG and obesity phenotypes.Methods. We assessed medical history and habitual physical activity and measured body composition, fasting plasma glucose and insulin, and lipids. We collected TCM data through face-to-face interview. ZHENG elements (essentials and locations) were identified by TCM practitioner. Primary ZHENG was assessed by cluster analysis.Results.In 140 consecutive subjects enrolled in a university clinic (body mass index (BMI):39.9±5.8 kg/m2), ZHENG essentials were identified as “QiXu,” “Re,” “YinXu,” and “TanShi” (totally 86.8%). Locations were “Shen,” “Wei,” “Pi,” and “Gan” (totally 91.8%). Four types of primary ZHENG were identified: A (37.1% of subjects), B (16.5%), C (35.7%), and D (10.7%). Subjects in type D showed elevated BMI, total fat mass (FM), FM index, trunk FM, and less physical activity, as compared with others. Subjects in type B changed regional body composition (reduced trunk FM% and elevated appendicular FM%). Biological parameters did not differ across primary ZHENG clusters.Conclusions. Obesity phenotypes based on body composition differ according to ZHENG in obese patients. This study is a first step toward understanding the contribution of TCM to obesity phenotyping.

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