Effect of Substrate/Water Ratio on Biogas Production from the Mixture Substrate of Rice Straw and Salvinia molesta

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Iqbal Syaichurrozi ◽  
Suhirman Suhirman ◽  
Topik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
First Order ◽  
Water Ratio

The substrate/water (S/W) ratio is one of the affecting parameters in anaerobic digestion (AD) since it affects the concentration of total solids (TS) in the biogas feedstocks. The appropriate S/W ratio has to be found to result in a high biogas yield. The goal of this study was to look into the influence of S/W ratio on biogas production from mixture substrate of rice straw and Salvinia molesta. Ratio of S/W was varied to be 1/7 w/v (TS 9.67%w/w), 1/10 w/v (TS 7.52%w/w), 1/13 w/v (TS 6.15%w/w), 1/16 w/v (TS 5.20%w/w). The results showed that S/W of 1/7, 1/10, 1/13, 1/16 resulted a total biogas yield of 22.86, 38.67, 42.71, 43.69 mL/g TS respectively. Decreasing TS from 9.67 %w/w (S/W of 1/7) until 6.15%w/w (S/W of 1/13) could increase the TS removal from 31.03% until 55.66%. However, at TS 5.20%w/w (S/W of 1/16), the TS removal was lower than that at TS 6.15%w/w (S/W of 1/13). The modified Gompertz (R2 = 0.94 – 0.98) can predict evolution of biogas production with higher precision than the first order kinetic (R2 = 0.91 – 0.98). The optimum TS was successfully predicted to become 5.40%w/w.

Alkaline electro-hydrolysis pretreatment of rice straw for enhanced biogas production under ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal P. Naik ◽  
Anil K. Poonia ◽  
Parmesh K. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order ◽  
The World ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Order Kinetic Model

Abstract Biogas production can supplement the renewable energy target of the world. For this abundantly available agricultural waste like wheat and rice straw can be used. Biogas generation using this waste will curb the stubble burning incidences, reduce greenhouse gases, enhance farmer’s income, and strengthen the energy security of many countries. The recalcitrant nature of rice straw is a barrier to its hydrolysis, which is a prerequisite of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process. Alkaline, electro-hydrolysis, and a combination of both pretreatment (alkaline electrohydrolysis) methods are undertaken in the present study. Batch reactors at ambient temperature were used for AD of rice straw at different inoculums to substrate ratios (ISR) of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 to observe the effect on biogas/methane yield. Among these, a higher amount of biogas was obtained for ISR of 0.5 in all sets of experiments. The combined pretreatment method yielded biogas of 315.9 mL/gVS (equivalent to methane of 167.4 mL/gVS). For pretreat-ed rice straw by electro-hydrolysis, alkaline, and combined (alkaline and electro-hydrolysis) respectively, the methane yields were 7.03, 18.13, and 49.82% higher than untreated rice straw. The biogas had approximately 53% of methane content. The use of rice straw for biogas production may prove a viable alternative for clean and sustainable energy. In the studies, a first-order kinetic model is found to fit better the experimental results.

scholarly journals Effect of co-digestion of food waste and cow dung on biogas yield

2020 ◽  
Vol 181 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Makhura Emmanuel Pax ◽  
Edison Muzenda ◽  
Tumeletso Lekgoba
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions

This paper aims at finding the effect of co-digestion of cow dung and food waste on total biogas yield. Biogas production was improved through co-digestion of cow dung and food waste (FW) containing a small fraction of inoculum under mesophilic temperature (37ºC) over a retention time of 24 days. Co-digestion ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 3:1 for cowdung/foodwaste were used for the study on anaerobic digestion on the co digested matter. Tests were carried out starting with the preparation of substrates, substrate characterization to determine the moisture content (MC), total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS) and ultimately batch anaerobic digestion experiments under thermophilic conditions (370C). The moisture content, volatile solids and total solids for food waste were 78, 22 and 90.7% respectively while the characteristics for cow dung were 67.2, 32.8 and 96.0 % respectively. From the study, a mixing ratio of cow dung: food waste of 1:2 was found to be the optimum substrate mixture for biogas production at 25595.7 Nml. The accumulated gas volumes of 18756.6, 14042.5, 13940.8 and 13839.1 Nml were recorded for cow dung: food waste ratios of 2:1, 1:1, 1:3 and 3:1 respectively. For a co-digestion containing more of the food waste than cow dung, a higher volume of biogas is produce.

scholarly journals Energy Recovery from Anaerobic Digestion of Banana Peels

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 6269-6273
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Kinetic Modelling ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
First Order

Bananas are tropical fruits mostly eaten in Malaysia. The banana peels are high in organic, and putrescible caused the odour and leachate problem where it has been a dump. In practice, banana peels considered as a waste product that has been combined with municipal solid waste and dumped into the landfills. However, banana peels are bountiful in organic matter and high with moisture content. Thus, it could be a convincing substrate for biogas production through anaerobic digestion so that the major concerns of environmental protection is achieved aside from producing energy in a sustainable way. Therefore, this study was initiated to estimate the ultimate methane yield from the unripe banana peel (UBP) and ripe banana peel (RBP). Besides that, the assessment on the kinetics of the methane production from UBP and RBP is conducted using Modified Gompertz and first-order kinetic modelling. In this study, the anaerobic digestibility of banana peels measured in a batch reactor for 25 days each fed by UBP and RBP. The batch reactors operated at an inoculum to substrate ratio (I/S) of 1.0 and at a mesophilic temperature (37°C). The ultimate methane yields from UBP and RBP digestion were 847.57mLCH4 /gVS and 1405.31mLCH4 /gVS, respectively. The higher bioavailability (in term of COD, and solid) in RBP resulted in the higher methane production rate. Two first-order and modified Gompertz kinetic models were compared for the prediction of organic degradation, and the results indicated that the first-order kinetic model of the RBP fitted the experiment best. It concluded that ripe banana peels are the most preferable feedstock for the anaerobic digestion.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Corn Stover by Solid-State Anaerobic Co-digestion of Food Waste

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Lukhi Mulia Shitophyta ◽  
Gita Indah Budiarti ◽  
Yusuf Eko Nugroho ◽  
Dika Fajariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Kinetic Model ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Volatile Solid ◽  
Biogas Yield

Biogas telah menjadi bahan bakar alternatif untuk mengurangi kelangkaan bahan bakar fosil. Biogas dapat dihasilkan dari limbah makanan seperti tongkol jagung. Tongkol jagung merupakan biomassa lignoselulosa dan mengandung kandungan total solid (TS) >15%. Produksi biogas dilakukan dengan solid-state anaerobic digestion dengan penambahan co-digestion limbah makanan. Co-digestion berfungsi untuk membantu proses pemecahan tongkol jagung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh persentase limbah makanan, reduksi volatile solid (VS), dan model kinetika produksi biogas dari tongkol jagung. Hasil peneltiian menunjukkan bahwa limbah makanan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap yield biogas (p < 0,05). Yield biogas tertinggi sebesar 584,49 mL g-1 VS-1 dan reduksi VS tertinggi sebesar 40% diperoleh pada limbah makanan 20%. Model kinetika produksi biogas dari tongkol jagung dan limbah makanan mengikuti model kinetika orde pertama.Biogas has become an alternative fuel to reduce the lack of fossil fuel. Biogas can be produced from organic wastes such as corn stover. Corn stover is a typical lignocellulosic biomass and contains a total solid (TS) content higher of 15%. Biogas production was conducted by solid-state anaerobic digestion with addition co-digestion of food waste. Co-digestion is useful to help the digestion of corn stover. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of the percentage of food waste, volatile solid (VS) reduction, and kinetic model on biogas production from corn stover. Results showed that food waste had a significant effect on biogas yield (p < 0.05). The highest biogas yield of 584.49 mL g-1 VS-1 and the highest VS reduction of 40% was obtained at food waste of 20%. The kinetic model of biogas production from corn stover and food waste followed the first-order kinetic model.

scholarly journals Enhancing methane production from the invasive macroalga Rugulopteryx okamurae through anaerobic co-digestion with olive mill solid waste: process performance and kinetic analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. de la Lama-Calvente ◽  
M. J. Fernández-Rodríguez ◽  
J. Llanos ◽  
J. M. Mancilla-Leytón ◽  
R. Borja
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Methane Yield ◽  
Specific Rate ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
First Order ◽  
Olive Mill Solid Waste ◽  
Olive Mill

AbstractThe biomass valorisation of the invasive brown alga Rugulopteryx okamurae (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) is key to curbing the expansion of this invasive macroalga which is generating tonnes of biomass on southern Spain beaches. As a feasible alternative for the biomass management, anaerobic co-digestion is proposed in this study. Although the anaerobic digestion of macroalgae barely produced 177 mL of CH4 g−1 VS, the co-digestion with a C-rich substrate, such as the olive mill solid waste (OMSW, the main waste derived from the two-phase olive oil manufacturing process), improved the anaerobic digestion process. The mixture improved not only the methane yield, but also its biodegradability. The highest biodegradability was found in the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1 OMSW, which improved the biodegradability of the macroalgae by 12.9% and 38.1% for the OMSW. The highest methane yield was observed for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—3 OMSW, improving the methane production of macroalgae alone by 157% and the OMSW methane production by 8.6%. Two mathematical models were used to fit the experimental data of methane production time with the aim of assessing the processes and obtaining the kinetic constants of the anaerobic co-digestion of different combination of R. okamurae and OMSW and both substrates independently. First-order kinetic and the transference function models allowed for appropriately fitting the experimental results of methane production with digestion time. The specific rate constant, k (first-order model) for the mixture 1 R. okamurae- 1.5 OMSW, was 5.1 and 1.3 times higher than that obtained for the mono-digestion of single OMSW and the macroalga, respectively. In the same way, the transference function model revealed that the maximum methane production rate (Rmax) was also found for the mixture 1 R. okamurae—1.5 OMSW (30.4 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), which was 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than the corresponding to the mono-digestions of the single OMSW and sole R. okamurae (18.9 and 13.6 mL CH4 g−1 VS day−1), respectively.

scholarly journals Biogas potential of organic waste onboard cruise ships — a yet untapped energy source

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Schumüller ◽  
Dirk Weichgrebe ◽  
Stephan Köster
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Cruise Ships ◽  
Detailed Presentation

AbstractTo tap the organic waste generated onboard cruise ships is a very promising approach to reduce their adverse impact on the maritime environment. Biogas produced by means of onboard anaerobic digestion offers a complementary energy source for ships’ operation. This report comprises a detailed presentation of the results gained from comprehensive investigations on the gas yield from onboard substrates such as food waste, sewage sludge and screening solids. Each person onboard generates a total average of about 9 kg of organic waste per day. The performed analyses of substrates and anaerobic digestion tests revealed an accumulated methane yield of around 159 L per person per day. The anaerobic co-digestion of sewage sludge and food waste (50:50 VS) emerged as particularly effective and led to an increased biogas yield by 24%, compared to the mono-fermentation. In the best case, onboard biogas production can provide an energetic output of 82 W/P, on average covering 3.3 to 4.1% of the total energy demand of a cruise ship.

scholarly journals Biogas Production from Combined Irish Potato and Poultry Wastes: Optimization and Kinetic Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.36) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
Umar M. Ibrahim ◽  
Saeed I. Ahmed ◽  
Babagana Gutti ◽  
Idris M. Muhammad ◽  
Usman D. Hamza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Irish Potato ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Potato Waste ◽  
Initial Ph

The combination of Irish potato waste (IPW) and poultry waste (PW) can form a synergy resulting into an effective substrate for a better biogas production due to some materials they contain. In this work, optimization and kinetic study of biogas production from anaerobic digestion of IPW and PW was investigated. Response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to optimize conditions such as initial pH, solids concentrations and waste ratios. The anaerobic digestion of the two wastes was carried out in the mesophilic condition and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to develop and analyze a predictive model which describes the biogas yield. The results revealed that there is a good fit between the experimental and the predicted biogas yield as revealed by the coefficient of determination (R2) value of 97.93%. Optimization using quadratic RSM predicts biogas yield of 19.75% at the optimal conditions of initial pH value 7.28, solids concentration (w/v) 9.85% and waste ratio (IPW:PW) 45:55%. The reaction was observed to have followed a first order kinetics having R2 and relative squared error (RSE) values of 90.61 and 9.63% respectively. Kinetic parameters, such as rate constant and half-life of the biogas yield were evaluated at optimum conditions to be 0.0392 day-1 and 17.68 days respectively. The optimum conditions and kinetic parameters generated from this research can be used to design real bio-digesters, monitor substrate concentrations, simulate biochemical processes and predict performance of bio-digesters using IPW and PW as substrate.  

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE POTENTIAL ANAEROBIC CO-DIGESTION FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM SALVINIA MOLESTA AND RICE STRAW

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Iqbal Syaichurrozi
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Salvinia Molesta ◽  
Initial Ph

The purpose of this research was to analyze the biogas production from co-digestion of Salvinia molesta and rice straw. Ratio of Salvinia molesta and rice straw was 5:0, 4:1, 3:2. Lab-scale-batch digesters (600 mL) were operated at room temperature (30 oC) and pressure of 1 atm. Total basis of Salvinia molesta and rice straw was 10 gr, water was added with ratio of organic matter:water = 1:7 (w/w), rumen fluid was added as inoculum, initial pH was adjusted to be 7. Fermentation process was conducted for 30 days. The results showed that total biogas volume for ratio of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2 was 6.300.00; 32.7618.32; 107.5418.51 mL/g VS respectively. The pH of substrate was changing from 7.00 to 6.770.19; 6.600.14; 6.730.09 for all variables respectively.

Influence of Ultrasound on the Synthesis of Biogas During Disposal of Beer Spent Grain

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Владимир Владимирович Житков ◽  
Борис Николаевич Федоренко
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Biogas Yield ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Efficient Resource ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

Ультразвуковая предварительная обработка считается экологически чистым процессом для повышения биоразлагаемости органических веществ при анаэробном сбраживании. Однако количество потребляемой энергии во время предварительной обработки является проблемой, особенно в тех случаях, когда производство энергии является основной целью биогазовой установки. Основной целью настоящего исследования работы было изучение эффективности ультразвуковой предварительной обработки для увеличения производства биогаза из отходов пивоваренного производства - пивной дробины. Результаты показали, что применение частоты 40 кГц при температуре 40 °С соответственно привело к увеличению выхода биогаза на 83%. Методология показала положительный результат в отношении содержания метана и скорости производства биогаза. Использование ультразвуковой предварительной обработки в отношении пивоваренной дробины для производства биогаза, по-видимому, позволяет решить проблемы не только эффективной утилизации пивоваренных отходов, но и создать экономически эффективный ресурс возобновляемой энергии на пивоваренном или аффилированном с ним производстве. Ultrasonic pretreatment is considered an environmentally friendly process to increase the biodegradability of organic substances during anaerobic digestion. However, the amount of energy consumed during pretreatment is a problem, especially in cases where energy production is the main purpose of the biogas plant. The main purpose of this study was to study the effectiveness of ultrasonic pretreatment to increase the production of biogas from brewing waste - brewer's grains. The results showed that the use of a frequency of 40 kHz at a temperature of 40 °C, respectively, led to an increase in the biogas yield by 83%. The methodology showed a positive result in terms of methane content and biogas production rate. The use of ultrasonic pretreatment for brewing spent grains for biogas production seems to solve the problems of not only efficient disposal of brewing waste, but also to create an economically efficient resource of renewable energy in brewing or its affiliated production.

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