scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS AND EXPORT TRENDS OF INDONESIAN COCOA TO THE FIVE DESTINATION COUNTRIES FOR 2010-2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Nabilla Pratya Augustin ◽  
Edy Prasetyo ◽  
Siswanto Imam Santoso
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Data Analysis Methods

This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of Indonesian cocoa exports to five destination countries, namely China, Germany, Malaysia, Singapore, and USA and to analyze the trend of Indonesian cocoa exports for the forecasting of the next 5 years. The data source used is secondary data in the form of export value and volume from 2010-2019 which is sourced from uncomtrade. Data analysis methods used are RCA, EPD, and linear trend analysis. The results showed that the comparative analysis of the RCA method for the commodities of Indonesian cocoa beans, cocoa butter, cocoa paste, cocoa powder in 2010-2019 has an RCA > 1 which means that it is competitive and has a comparative advantage in destination countries. Based on a competitive analysis using the EPD method, the commodity of Indonesian cocoa beans, cocoa butter, cocoa paste, and cocoa powder in 2010-2019 have EPD retreat and falling star values. Based on linear trend analysis, the export value of Indonesian cocoa beans in 2020-2024 is predicted to continue to decline, cocoa butter and cocoa powder in 2020-2024 is predicted to continue to increase, and cocoa paste in 2020-2024 is predicted to increase and later decrease.

scholarly journals DAYA SAING KOMODITAS KAKAO INDONESIA DI PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ridwan Umar Hanafi ◽  
Netti Tinaprilla
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Dynamic Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Comparative Advantages

Indonesia should focus on cocoa products that have the highest competitiveness in order to compete with other competitors in cocoa international trade. This research aimed to analyze Indonesia’s cocoa and cocoa preparations competitiveness. Data used in this research were secondary data. Research began with analyzed cocoa and cocoa preparations market structure. The result showed that the market structure of cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder (unsweetened) classified as an oligopoly, in the other hand cocoa beans classified as monopoly. RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) method showed that Indonesia had comparative advantages on cocoa beans, cocoa paste and cocoa butter (RCA>1). TSI (Trade Specialization Index) method showed that Indonesia had a tendency as a net exporter of cocoa beans, cocoa paste and cocoa butter. EPD (Export Products Dynamic) method showed that Indonesia had a high competitive advantages on cocoa beans, cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder (unsweetened).

scholarly journals Examining Yam Production in Response to Climate Change in Nigeria: A Co-Integration Model Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Cynthia W. Angba ◽  
Richard N. Baines ◽  
Allan J. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Error Correction Model ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis ◽  
Model Approach

This study addressed yam production in response to climate change in Cross River State using a co-integration model approach. The specific objectives of this paper are to analyze the trend in yam production, annual precipitation, and annual temperature, and to analyze the impact of climate variables on yam production. Time-series data from 1996 to 2017 was used. Based on the analysis, which constituted a linear trend analysis, co-integration test, and error correction model, the study came up with robust findings. The linear trend analysis for yam production revealed a steady increase in output between the years 2005 and 2016. The result of the rainfall trend analysis showed the presence of rainfall variability and irregularity. The trend line for temperature showed an overall downward trend for the period under study. However, the Error Correction Model result showed that temperature was statistically significant and negatively impacted yam production. The study recommends that policymakers should take appropriate steps to encourage the development of pest- and disease-tolerant yam varieties because an increase in temperature leads to the proliferation of insects, pests, and diseases.

Linear trend analysis: a comparison of methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (27) ◽  
pp. 4420-4421
Author(s):  
P.Steven Porter ◽  
S.T. Rao ◽  
C. Hogrefe
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis

Linear trend analysis: a comparison of methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 35 (30) ◽  
pp. 5211-5222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Hess ◽  
Hari Iyer ◽  
William Malm
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis

scholarly journals Analisis Prospek Penerimaan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Di Kecamatan Asparaga Kabupaten Gorontalo

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Samin Taliki
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis

Gorontalo Province is still one of the newly developed areas that always expect the participation and support from various parties, both morally and spiritually in the form of facility improvement and human resource formation must be developed simultaneously, it is clear that this will encourage economic development for the society as a whole. This study aims to analyze the Prospect of Receipt of Land and Building Tax in District of Asparaga Gorontalo Regency. The main variables used are land tax and building. The analysis method used is Linear Trend analysis. The results showed that the Linear Trend is Y = 900343714,60 + 5006432,80 X which means the variable of the earth and building taxes have good prospects in the District Asparaga. And with the value of linear trend can be calculated the estimated value of land and building tax revenue for the period 2017-2021 in District Asparaga.Analisis Prospek Penerimaan Pajak  Bumi dan Bangunan Di Kecamatan Asparaga Kabupaten  Gorontalo

scholarly journals Linear Trend Application on the Estimated Age of Distribution Transformer Based on the Load Growth and Environmental Temperature

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Fadly Azhar ◽  
Yuni Rahmawati ◽  
Irham Fadlika
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Load Prediction ◽  
Distribution Transformer ◽  
Load Growth ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis ◽  
Calculation Results

This research aimed to find the age loss of distribution transformer based on the load growth and ambient temperature to predict the remaining age of the transformer. This research used the remaining estimation age calculation based on load growth that was predicted using the linear trend analysis. The distribution transformer in this research was the BO043 200 kVA, installed in 2012, and was operated in Bolo Feeder, Woha District, Bima Regency. The results showed that the BO043 transformer was operating at the average ambient temperature of 28℃ with the optimum loading threshold of 92.77% from its power rating. The transformer would experience age reduction if the load given were above that value. The calculation results showed that the BO043 transformer had the estimated remaining age of 4 years from the standard 23 years with the 2019 load prediction of 83.39% and up to 115.94% load prediction in 2022.

scholarly journals Analisis pengaruh kebijakan bea keluar biji kakao, impor biji kakao, ekspor biji kakao dan harga cocoa butter terhadap ekspor cocoa butter

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Rudi Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Export Duty ◽  
Cocoa Products

The export duty policy was initially intended to increase the value added of cocoa beans. On the other hand, in the past few years there has been a significant increase in imports of cocoa beans to meet the needs of domestic industrial in order to keep running optimally and can create added value. To assess how much influence the export duty policy for cocoa beans, the import of cocoa beans, the export of cocoa beans and the price of cocoa butter on the development of exports of cocoa butter, this study uses a quantitative approach using secondary data from various sources. The results of the analysis show that the development of the export of cocoa butter is significantly influenced by the amount of cocoa bean imports and the export of cocoa beans. but the price factor of cocoa butter and the amount of export duty does not significantly influence. This shows that the main problem is the performance of the cocoa processing industry which is strongly influenced by the availability of raw materials. In addition, although an increase in imports of cocoa beans can still be offset by an increase in exports of processed cocoa products that have added value.                    Kebijakan bea keluar pada awalnya ditujukan untuk peningkatan nilai tambah biji kakao. Di sisi lain, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan impor biji kakao secara signifikan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan industri domestik agar tetap berjalan optimal dan dapat menciptakan nilai tambah. Untuk mengkaji seberapa besar pengaruh kebijakan bea keluar biji kakao, impor biji kakao, ekspor biji kakao dan harga cocoa butter terhadap perkembangan ekspor cocoa butter, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan ekspor cocoa butter secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh besaran impor biji kakao dan ekspor biji kakao. Sedangkan faktor harga cocoa butter dan besaran tarif bea keluar tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan utama adalah pada kinerja industri pengolahan kakao yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan bakunya. Selain itu, walaupun terjadi peningkatan impor biji kakao masih dapat diimbangi dengan adanya peningkatan ekspor produk kakao olahannya yang memiliki nilai tambah.

ANALISIS KATEKIN DAN EPIKATEKIN DALAM BIJI KAKAO SERTA PRODUK OLAHANNYA MENGGUNAKAN KROMATOGRAFI CAIR SPEKTROMETRI MASSA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subagja Subagja
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Active Compound ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Cocoa Product ◽  
Made In

Processing cocoa beans to the cocoa product is estimated can affect active compound in the inside, especially catechin and epicatechin. Therefore, sampling was done from several stages of processing cocoa beans. The sample is cocoa nib, cocoa paste, cocoa powder and cocoa butter. Cocoa powder and cocoa butter obtained from cocoa paste processing at the temperature range 50 to 90 ° C. Research carried out three stages, namely: (1) conduct the selection conditions of analysis, (2) validate the analysis method, and (3) analyze catechin and epicatechin in the cocoa samples. Results of the research shows that based on the ratio catechin and epicatechin, processing cocoa beans into cocoa product influence catechin and epicatechin found therein, with a marked decrease in the ratio of the two substances. Cocoa paste processing into cocoa powder and cocoa butter made in the temperature range 50 to 90 ° C, does not indicate the influence of treatment based on the ratio catechin and epicatechin, but when viewed and measure catechin and epicatechin the inside indicates that the tendency to decrease.

Linear trend analysis: a comparison of methods

2002 ◽  
Vol 36 (18) ◽  
pp. 3055-3056 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.Steven Porter ◽  
S.T. Rao ◽  
C. Hogrefe
Keyword(s):  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Linear Trend Analysis
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