ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF PLANTAIN FARMERS IN NIGERIA

Sub-Saharan Africa has been plaque with food insecurity due to lack of adoption of modern technology to improve their productivity. Technology is the systematic application of scientific or other organized body of knowledge to practical purposes. This includes new ideas, inventions, innovations, techniques, methods and materials. Since increasing agricultural productivity is critical to meeting the continues rise in demand for food, agricultural technologies will play immense role in increasing the production of food. As a result, it is useful to examine the adoption of technologies among farmers. A multistage sampling technique was used for the selection of five hundred and fifty - six plantain farmers. The data were collected through the administration of a well-structured questionnaire on a cross-section surveyed of plantain farmers. The result of the study shown that educating the plantain farmers in Nigeria will enable them adopt new technologies which will enhance their productivity.

INFLUENCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP ORIENTATI ON AND INTERNAL RESOURCES ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF MSMEs (STUDY ON MELINJO EMPING BUSINESS ACTORS IN POJOK VILLAGE, NGANTRU SUBDISTRICT, TULUNGAGUNG REGENCY)

The purpose of this study is (1) describing and analyzing the significance of the simultaneous influence of entrepreneurial orientation and internal resources on the business performance of home industry emping melinjo in Pojok Village, (2) describing and analyzing the significance of the influence of entrepreneurial orientation on the business performance of MSMEs home industry emping melinjo in Pojok Village, (3) describing and analyzing the significance of the influence of internal resources on the business performance of MSMEs home industry emping melinjo in The Corner Village. This research was conducted in Pojok Village, Ngantru Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency with a sample number of 55 people. The results of the study There is a significant influence simultaneously entrepreneurial orientation and internal resources on the business performance of MSMEs home industry emping melinjo in The Corner Village, Ngantru Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. There is a positive and significant influence of entrepreneurial orientation on the business performance of MSMEs home industry emping melinjo in Pojok Village, Ngantru Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency. There is a positive and significant influence of internal resources on the business performance of MSMEs home industry emping melinjo in Pojok Village, Ngantru Subdistrict, Tulungagung Regency.

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY OF ORGANIC RICE IN SUMBERNGEPOH VILLAGE, LAWANG SUB DISTRICT, MALANG DISTRICT

Rice plants have a proportion of 6 percent or fifth in the world's classification of organic cereal crops (Research Institute of Organic Agriculture, 2017). The problem in organic rice farming is that production and productivity tend to be lower than those of non-organic rice. In addition to the transition from agriculture to organic farming, the factor of input use also has a big influence. This study aims to analyze the level of technical efficiency and the value of organic rice input. The census sample consisted of 45 organic rice farmers. The data used is data in the 2016-2017 rainy season. The data analysis method uses DEA analysis with the assumption of CRS Input. Based on the results of the analysis, farmers are not yet technically efficient because they have an average technical efficiency value of less than 1, which is 0.879. The number of technically efficient farmers with a TE value of 1 is 13 farmers, while the number of farmers who are inefficient is 32 farmers with a TE value of <1. There are slack values such as seeds 3.15 Kg/Ha, solid organic fertilizer 276.58 Kg/Ha, liquid organic fertilizer 1.07 L/Ha, green manure 505.10 Kg/Ha, vegetable pesticides 1.25 L/Ha, and 6.67 daily workers/ha. In addition, there are projected input values, namely seeds 28.66 Kg/Ha, solid organic fertilizer 2170.30 Kg/Ha, liquid organic fertilizer 10.23 L/Ha, green manure 7048.76 Kg/Ha, vegetable pesticides 9.61 L /Ha, and Labor 185.80 daily workers/Ha. Furthermore, the projected value of this input is a recommendation to farmers so that they can be technically efficient.

SAVINGS MOBILIZATION ON POVERTY ALLEVIATION AMONG PERI-URBAN HOUSEHOLDS IN KWALI AND BWARI AREA COUNCILS F.C.T ABUJA, NIGERIA

Savings is increasingly being acknowledged as a powerful tool for poverty alleviation but the peri- -urban households who are mostly, low cadre workers, peasant farmers and small-scale business owners lacks savings services. This study analyzed savings mobilization on poverty alleviation among peri-urban households in Kwali and Bwari Area Councils Abuja. Cross-sectional primary data was used in this study. The data was collected with the aid of a well-structured questionnaire administered to 185 peri-urban farming households. Descriptive statistics (mean, frequency and percentage), Foster Greer Thorbecke index and ordered logit regression were used to analyze the collected data. The results that emanated from the analysis reveals that 98% of respondents are within the economic active age while 82% of them had formal education and average household size of 4 person. About 93% of households saved in one form or the other. About 51% of the respondent are non-poor while 49% are poor based on analysis of poverty status which revealed poverty incidence of 49%, poverty depth of 28% and poverty severity of 56%. The results further reveals that primary occupation and education reduces the likelihood of not being poor, but there is an increment in the likelihood of being very poor while farm size, savings, access to credit and income generated from secondary activities increases the probability of being non-poor, but reduces the probability of being very poor. Therefore, households should be encouraged by Governmental agencies to engage in secondary economic activities for multiple stream of income to improve on their poverty status. In addition, government should facilitate the establishment of Financial Institutions in the Peri- Urban areas to inculcate saving habit among the people.

THE INFLUENCE OF STORE ATMOSPHERE ON REVISIT INTENTION AT SHOPPING TOURISM

The tourism sector in Indonesia is growing rapidly, so the level of competition is getting higher. Shopping tourism is as one of the industries that is able to attract tourists must innovate considering the products that are sold are the same and the storeping behavior of tourists is different. This study used SEM-PLS analysis and was conducted on 110 respondents who visited Shopping Tourism in Batu city. The results showed that a well-designed store atmosphere can stimulate positive emotions of tourists, provide comfort when shopping so as to create a memorable experience, and make tourists intend to visit again in the future. This study, not only provides recommendations for creating the right store atmosphere for retailers, but also provides information on understanding the storeping behavior of tourists.

DOES THE LAW OF ONE PRICE (LOP) HOLDS IN THE INTERNATIONAL BARLEY MARKETS

A price time-series data of barley for a period of 49 years (1970-2019) sourced from the FAO database was used to determine the horizontal market integration of barley among some selected major market players in barley trade in the world. The chosen markets are Australia, Canada, Iran, Turkey and the USA based on the availability of up-to-date large span data. The collected data were analyzed using inferential statistics- unit root tests, co-integration tests, unrestricted vector autoregressive model, Granger causality test and impulse response function. The empirical evidence showed that the law of one price (LOP) exists among the selected markets i.e. there is perfect price communication among the markets in the long run, thus highly integrated. Besides, Australian and Canadian markets established a long-run equilibrium, thus have a stable price in the long run. Furthermore, the import and export hubs of barley in the trade are Canadian, USA and Turkey markets while Iranian and Australian markets are large consumer markets. The empirical evidence showed Canadian and USA markets to be the major players in the trade while the Australian market is a follower in the trade. All the selected markets have promising future prices with a little inflationary trend which will owe to supply fluctuation. The reinforcement of physical infrastructure, the use of ICTs and well-defined consistent agricultural policy/market initiatives would thus lead to the global creation of a single uniform economic market for barley.

FARMERS’ LIVELIHOODS STRATEGY BASED ON ASSET IN PANDANSARI VILLAGE POST ERUPTION OF MOUNT KELUD

This study examines farmers' livelihood strategies based on livelihood assets in Pandansari Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach using a Likert scale. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews using questionnaires and field observations, while secondary data were obtained through literature studies from various related sources. The location was determined purposively with the consideration that Pandansari Village was the area in Ngantang District that was the worst affected by the eruption of Mount Kelud. Seventy-five farmers with simple random sampling technique were selected as respondents in this study. The respondents' livelihood assets include human capital, natural capital, social capital, financial capital, and physical capital. Meanwhile, livelihood strategies are classified into survival strategies, consolidation strategies and accumulation strategies. The results show that the most vital livelihood asset is social capital, while the indicator for natural capital is the weakest. The strongest indicator of the farmer's livelihood strategy in Pandansari Village is the consolidation strategy.

ANALYSIS OF MARKET STRUCTURE, CONDUCT AND PERFORMANCE OF COPRA IN PARIGI – MOUTONG REGENCY

This study aims to find out and investigate how copra farmers receive in Parigi – Moutong Regency. In this study the data used is primary data and secondary data, primary data is taken using questionnaire list. This research uses IHH and CR4 analysis approach, with the aim to find out the market share and market formed in each copra marketing institution in Parigi – Moutong Regency. The results of the research showed from the results of the analysis conducted is the market formed in copra farmers institutions are a perfect competition market, in the institution of traders collectors (middlemen) market formed is a monopoly market, just as the market formed in large traders is also monopoly. The cr4 value obtained is farmers by 30.82%, collectors by 100%, large traders by 100%. From the results obtained the structure of the market is already affecting the market counduct copra, where the merchant become the determinant haraga copra is a collector to be the recipient of the price.in addition, traders do bond in terms of capital (dwon paymen).Copra market performance is inefficient, where copra farmers in Parigi – Moutong are more dominant in selling copra in three marketing lines that have many marketing agencies involved, with a margin of Rp 2,000. referring to the results, it is fair that the weak still of farmers reaching the market information, especially prices, as a result of the share received by farmers is low. Related to this, there needs to be strengthening in farmers institutions related to copra marketing system.

ANALYSIS OF MARKETING MIX ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION: EMPIRICAL STUDY OF PURCHASING DECISION OF EAST NUSA TENGGARA LOCAL PRODUCT

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of marketing mix on purchasing decisions of East Nusa Tenggara local products, to analyze the effect of marketing mix on consumer satisfaction of local products and to analyze the indirect effect of marketing mix on research satisfaction. The results showed that the variable price, place, promotion directly had a positive and significant effect on the purchasing decision variable. The product variable directly has a positive but insignificant effect. variable product, price, place, promotion directly have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction variables. The purchasing decision variable is not indirectly a mediation for the product variable and the consumer satisfaction variable. The purchase decision variable is not indirectly a mediation for the price variable and the consumer satisfaction variable. The purchase decision variable is not indirectly a mediation for the place variable and the consumer satisfaction variable. The purchasing decision variable is indirectly mediating for the promotion variable and the customer satisfaction variable.

SEVERAL FACTORS THAT AFFECT CATTLE ROWING PATTERNS AS WELL AS THEIR CONTRIBUTION TO HOUSEHOLD INCOME (CASE STUDY OF LIVESTOCK FARMERS IN TAEBENU SUBDISTRICT, KUPANG REGENCY, NTT)

This study aims to analyze several factors that affect cattle rowing patterns as well as their costs, receipts and contributions to the household income of livestock farmers in Taebenu Subdistrict, Kupang Regency, NTT. The research sample of 100 people was grouped into two groups: group I (50 row cattle farmers) and group II (50 non-row cattle farmers). Determination of the number of farmer samples follows slovin formula with random sampling method. Data on factors that influence the decisions of farmers' households are analyzed with binary logistics regression analysis. Meanwhile, the income of cattle farmers and non-rowdy cattle was analyzed by household income analysis. The results showed that the analysis of binary logistics regression using simultaneous tests showed that independent variables (X) namely X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6 significantly influenced dependent variables (Y). The average household income of cattle farmers rowdy pattern is Rp 13,327,080 with the contribution of income from the business of cattle rowing by 21.93%, while the average household income of non-rowdy cattle farmers (privately owned) Rp 12,820,488 with the contribution of income from non-row cattle businesses amounted to 22.93%. From the results of household income shows the household income of cattle farmers row pattern higher than the household income of non-row cattle farmers (privately owned).