scholarly journals Analisis pengaruh kebijakan bea keluar biji kakao, impor biji kakao, ekspor biji kakao dan harga cocoa butter terhadap ekspor cocoa butter

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-242
Author(s):  
Rudi Hermawan
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
The Past ◽  
Export Duty ◽  
Cocoa Products

The export duty policy was initially intended to increase the value added of cocoa beans. On the other hand, in the past few years there has been a significant increase in imports of cocoa beans to meet the needs of domestic industrial in order to keep running optimally and can create added value. To assess how much influence the export duty policy for cocoa beans, the import of cocoa beans, the export of cocoa beans and the price of cocoa butter on the development of exports of cocoa butter, this study uses a quantitative approach using secondary data from various sources. The results of the analysis show that the development of the export of cocoa butter is significantly influenced by the amount of cocoa bean imports and the export of cocoa beans. but the price factor of cocoa butter and the amount of export duty does not significantly influence. This shows that the main problem is the performance of the cocoa processing industry which is strongly influenced by the availability of raw materials. In addition, although an increase in imports of cocoa beans can still be offset by an increase in exports of processed cocoa products that have added value.                    Kebijakan bea keluar pada awalnya ditujukan untuk peningkatan nilai tambah biji kakao. Di sisi lain, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi peningkatan impor biji kakao secara signifikan untuk pemenuhan kebutuhan industri domestik agar tetap berjalan optimal dan dapat menciptakan nilai tambah. Untuk mengkaji seberapa besar pengaruh kebijakan bea keluar biji kakao, impor biji kakao, ekspor biji kakao dan harga cocoa butter terhadap perkembangan ekspor cocoa butter, penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan menggunakan data sekunder dari berbagai sumber. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa perkembangan ekspor cocoa butter secara signifikan dipengaruhi oleh besaran impor biji kakao dan ekspor biji kakao. Sedangkan faktor harga cocoa butter dan besaran tarif bea keluar tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan utama adalah pada kinerja industri pengolahan kakao yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh ketersediaan bahan bakunya. Selain itu, walaupun terjadi peningkatan impor biji kakao masih dapat diimbangi dengan adanya peningkatan ekspor produk kakao olahannya yang memiliki nilai tambah.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Bea Keluar Biji Kakao Terhadap Daya Saing Serta Ekspor Produk Kakao Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-152
Author(s):  
Maria Trisanti Saragih ◽  
Harianto Harianto ◽  
Heny Kuswanti
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Term Effect ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Export Duty ◽  
Long Term Effect ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Export Destination ◽  
Domestic Stock

The development of Indonesia's cocoa beans before the export duty policy shows that almost 90 per cent of cocoa beans exports were exported from total production, therefore makes Indonesia as known as one of the biggest cocoa beans exporters in the world. Cocoa exports to destination countries cause the domestic stock of raw materials for cocoa beans Domestic stock has decreased. Afterwards, the Indonesian government implemented a cocoa bean export duty policy. This research aimed to analyze the effect of export duties policy for the competitiveness and exports of Indonesian cocoa products to export destination countries. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method is used to measure competitiveness, while Fully Modified Ordinary Least Square (FMOLS) is used to analyze the long-term effect of export duties on cocoa beans on competitiveness and exports of cocoa products. Based on the analysis result, all cocoa products have competitiveness, Indonesian cocoa butter has the highest competitiveness in export destination countries. Export duties policy has a long-term effect on competitiveness and exports of cocoa paste and powder, but have no long-term effect on competitiveness and exports of cocoa butter. Therefore, the overall increase in competitiveness and export of cocoa products is due to the implementation of the cocoa bean export duty policy.

Determination of the Prospective Processed Cacao Product and Calculation of the Added Value in Agro-Tourism Based on Cacao Agroindustry in Pidie Jaya Regency

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42
Author(s):  
◽  
Tajuddin Bantacut ◽  
Sapta Raharja
Keyword(s):  
System Approach ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Assessment Criteria ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Bayes Method ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Derivative Products

Abstract Utilization of cocoa bean to be a derivative products in industrial is wide enough, that it is necessary to determine the priority of the processed products development. This study aimed to determine the prospective processed cocoa products with a system approach using Bayes method and assessed the potential of added value by using Hayami method. Based on several assessment criteria indicated that chocolate bar is the priority product that needs to be developed and followed by several other processed products. This development was able to produce the added value of Rp 135.000 per kg of cocoa beans. Result indicated that by processing the cocoa beans into chocolate bar could provide a considerable income for the businessman.

scholarly journals ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH COKELAT BATANGAN (CHOCOLATE BAR) DI PIPILTIN COCOA, KEBAYORAN BARU, JAKARTA SELATAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Vitalia Putri Asheri ◽  
Amzul Rifin
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Third ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprise ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Medium Enterprise ◽  
Cocoa Farm

Indonesia is the third largest world cocoa producer. For years, cocoa bean from Indonesia has been exporter as raw beans. Domestic cocoa manufacturing industry is still dominated by international companies such as Nestle, Marz, JB Cocoa Malaysia, and others than domestic small and medium enterprise. This condition shows that value added of cocoa processing have not yet accepted by local entrepreneurs. Nowadays, most of the small and medium enterprise produce intermediate and compound chocolate products with low use of cocoa butter volume in proportion. Then, those intermediate products would be exported and will be reimported again by Indonesia as final product. Pipiltin Cocoa is the only small-scale natural chocolate producer in Indonesia using local cocoa bean from Bali and Aceh. This research focuses on value added analysis of bar chocolate in Pipiltin Cocoa produce which is important to conduct in order to know the added value made from a domestic small-scale cocoa farm producing original cocoa products.

scholarly journals Opportunities for increasing domestic added value ofcocoa through trade regulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Drajat
Keyword(s):  
Market Power ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Multinational Companies ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Industry Development ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Liberalization Policy ◽  
The Impact

The operation of multinational companies on cocoa bean trade in Indonesia related to the liberalization policy on trade and investment in Indonesia permits for multinational companies to operate in Indonesia and liable to buy cocoa bean directly from farmers. The problem encountered is the domestic market liberalization gives rise to changes in market power and results ini the dominant position of multinational companies. This research aimed to (i) analyze the impact of the exercise of market power by cocoa multinational company, (ii) to analyze the possibility of deregulation of cocoa bean domestic trade, and (iii) to estimate the potential increase in added value of cocoa down-stream industry as a result of deregulation. Some steps of research conducted includes (i) desk research, (ii) field survey by interviewing samples of farmers, traders, exporters, processors, as well as other business participants, (iii) special interviews with key persons related to regulation as well as deregulation of domestic trade and down-stream industry development, and (iv) focussed group discussion involving related stakeholders of cocoa. The results showed that the impact of the exercise of market power by multinational companies refers to the decreasing market shares of national companies from 2007 to 2009. Based on the market power domination of multinational companies in one side and the lack of down-stream industry development in the other side, there is a possibility to deregulate the above policy by continuing the new regulation (export tax of cocoa beans, directing multinational exporters toward downstream industry by partnership with domestic-idle capacity processing industry and import tariff escalation for processed cocoa). By the new regulation, the opportunity to increase domestic added value becomes greater. This cocoa down-stream industry development will increase the potential domestic added value at least 10%. Key words : Liberalization, deregulation, cocoa beans, value added, down-stream industry.

scholarly journals ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH BUAH PISANG MENJADI KERIPIK PISANG PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA DIMEMBE KECAMATAN DIMEMBE

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2A) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Vinny ., Makarawung ◽  
Paulus A. Pangemanan ◽  
Caroline B. D. Pakasi
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Material Usage ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Data Analysis Methods

The purpose of this study is to calculate the profit and added value of the business of processing bananas into banana chips. This research is carried out for two months, from April to May 2017. The research place in one household industry of banana chips in Dimembe Village, Dimembe Sub-district, North Minahasa Regency. The method used in this research is by taking primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through direct interviews using questionnaires. Secondary data is obtained through literature that supports and is associated with this research. Data analysis methods used in this study are: (1) calculate the Benefits of Banana Processing Business Being Chips, (2) calculate the Value Added Banana Chips. The results of this study indicated that the Agro-Business Processing of Banana Chips provides a benefit received is IDR 5,313,500 per month or twenty-three times of the production process. The value added enjoyed by the owner of agroindustry amounted to Rp 2.404/kg from raw materials used. This added value is an advantage gained by banana chips agroindustry in 1 kilogram of raw material usage.

ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH GAMBIR DI INDONESIA (SEBUAH TINJAUAN LITERATUR) Analysis Added Value of Gambir In Indonesia (A Literature Review)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Doni Sahat Tua Manalu ◽  
Tri Armyanti
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Data Value ◽  
Processed Products ◽  
Export Destination

ABSTRAK Gambir merupakan ekstrak kering dari daun dan ranting dari tanaman Uncaria gambir (hunter) roxb, tanaman perkebunan yang banyak diusahakan melalui perkebunan rakyat di Indonesia. Negara tujuan ekspor utama gambir Indonesia adalah India, Bangladesh, Jepang, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapura serta beberapa negara lain. Selain katekin, tanin juga banyak digunakan dalam berbagai aktivitas industri hilir. Industri-industri yang menggunakan bahan baku tanin seperti industri kulit, industri tekstil, industri farmasi, industri logam, laboratorium dan industri perekat. Hingga saat ini masih banyak permasalahan yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan gambir salah satunya adalah upaya peningkatan nilai tambah gambir di Indonesia. Nilai tambah yang diperoleh dari pengolahan getah gambir kering dan produk antara seperti tanin dan katekin sebagai bahan baku bagi berbagai industri hilir. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis nilai tambah dari masing-masing hasil olahan untuk mendapatkan gambaran pengembangan industri dan potensi pemasaran gambir di Indonesia. Sumber data yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah data sekunder. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif dan data kuantitatif. Kemudian dilakukan dianalisis deskriptif terhadap data yang diperoleh. Analisis nilai tambah dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan metode analisis nilai tambah Hayami. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai tambah produk olahan gambir memberikan rasio nilai tambah dan juga keuntungan perusahaan yang lebih tinggi pada gambir yang diolah menjadi katecin, kemudian tanin sangat jauh berbeda jika gambir hanya dijual dalam bentuk gambir kering. Kata Kunci : Gambir, Katekin, Nilai Tambah, Tanin ABSTRACT Gambir is a dry extract of leaves and twigs from the Uncaria gambir (hunter) roxb plant, which is mostly cultivated through community plantations in Indonesia. The main export destination countries of Indonesian gambir are India, Bangladesh, Japan, Malaysia, Pakistan, Singapore and several other countries. In addition to catechins, tannins are also widely used in various downstream industrial activities. Industries that use tannin raw materials such as the leather industry, textile industry, pharmaceutical industry, metal industry, laboratories and adhesives industries. Until now there are still many problems faced in the development of gambir, one of which is an effort to increase gambir added value in Indonesia. The added value obtained from the processing of dried gambier sap and intermediate products such as tannins and catechins as raw materials for various downstream industries. This study aims to analyze the added value of each processed product to obtain an overview of industry development and gambir marketing potential in Indonesia. The data source used in the study is secondary data. The type of data used is qualitative data and quantitative data. Then carried out descriptive analysis of the data. Value added analysis was carried out using the Hayami value-added analysis method approach. The results showed that the added value of gambir processed products gave a higher ratio of value added and company profits to gambir which was processed into catechins, then tannins were very much different if gambier was only sold in the form of dried gambir. Keywords: Gambir, Catechins, Added Value, Tanin

scholarly journals Peran Organisasi Petani dalam Mengoptimalkan Kinerja Rantai Pasok dan Pembentukan Nilai Tambah Kakao: Studi Kasus di Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Muis Hasibuan ◽  
Agus Wahyudi ◽  
Dewi Listyati ◽  
Asif Aunillah ◽  
Ermiati Ermiati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Cocoa Bean ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Value Addition ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Chain System ◽  
Farmer Organizations

<p>Pengusahaan kakao Indonesia didominasi oleh petani kecil yang belum terorganisasi dengan baik sehingga sering menjadi pihak yang<br />termarjinalkan dalam sistem agribisnis kakao. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran organisasi petani dalam upaya<br />mengoptimalkan kinerja rantai pasok kakao dan pembentukan nilai tambah yang terjadi dalam setiap rantai tata niaga kakao. Penelitian<br />dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Kolaka, Sulawesi Tenggara pada bulan Februari sampai Oktober 2012. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah data<br />primer dan sekunder dengan melakukan wawancara kepada petani/kelompok tani/gabungan kelompok tani, pedagang dan<br />eksportir/industri. Data dan informasi dianalisis dengan pendekatan rantai pasok dan nilai tambah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa kondisi organisasi petani di Kabupaten Kolaka masih sangat beragam dan dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 model sesuai dengan<br />aktivitas dan perannya dalam rantai pasok dan pembentukan nilai tambah biji kakao. Organisasi petani yang dimotori oleh gapoktan<br />Model A mampu memberikan pangsa petani yang lebih besar dibandingkan model lainnya, yaitu sebesar 99,43% untuk biji kakao<br />fermentasi dan 96,92% untuk biji kakao non fermentasi. Demikian juga nilai tambah bagi petani yang dihasilkan sebesar Rp509,00/kg<br />untuk biji kakao fermentasi dan Rp1.019,00/kg untuk biji kakao non fermentasi. Oleh karena itu, organisasi petani perlu diarahkan<br />untuk mengefisienkan sistem distribusi dan pemasaran biji kakao sehingga tercipta sistem rantai pasok yang berkinerja baik dan<br />mampu memberikan nilai tambah bagi petani.</p><p><br />Kata kunci: Kakao, pangsa petani, gapoktan, kelembagaan</p><p>Cultivation of cocoa in Indonesia is dominated by small farmers who have not been well organized, so they usually marginalized in the cocoa<br />agribusiness systems. This study aimed to analyze the role of farmer organizations in an effort to optimize the performance of the cocoa supply chain<br />and value addition in cocoa value chain system. The research was conducted in Kolaka, Southeast Sulawesi from February to October 2012. The<br />collected data is primary and secondary data by conducting in-depth interviews to farmers/farmer groups, traders and exporters/industry. All of the<br />data and information were analyzed by supply chain approach and added value. The results showed that the condition of farmers' organizations in<br />Kolaka very diverse and can be grouped into four models according to the activity and its role in the supply chain and value addition of cocoa beans.<br />Farmer organizations led by Model A was able to give farmers a better share than others, i.e. 99.43% for fermented cocoa bean and 96.92% for<br />unfermented. Similarly, added value for farmers were IDR509.00/kg for fermented cocoa beans and IDR1,019.00/kg for unfermented. Therefore,<br />farmers' organizations need to be directed to be more efficient on cocoa beans distribution and marketing that create a well performance of supply<br />chain system and provide added value to the farmer.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH PRODUK OLAHAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum) DI KECAMATAN CIKAJANG KABUPATEN GARUT

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Qisthy Arinal Haq ◽  
Eliana Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
A Value ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Business Efficiency

The number of potato processors in Cikajang Sub-district Garut District is still relatively small, while Cikajang Sub-district Garut District is one of the production centers of potato commodities, which means the availability of abundant raw materials and has potential to be processed into other products to create added value. This problem can be caused by lack of information regarding the amount of added value that can be obtained from the processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the business efficiency and added value of potato processing. This study uses a quantitative research design with a questionnaire as a research instrument to 11 potato processors in Cikajang Sub-district, Garut District using the census method in September – November 2019. Data sources used are primary and secondary data. The data collected was processed using the business efficiency analysis method (RC ratio) and Hayami method. The results showed that the efficiency of processing potatoes into potato chips in Cikajang Sub-district was 1.8 and the added value obtained was Rp 10,647.4 / kg of potato raw material with a value-added ratio of 48.04%.

scholarly journals DAYA SAING KOMODITAS KAKAO INDONESIA DI PERDAGANGAN INTERNASIONAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Ridwan Umar Hanafi ◽  
Netti Tinaprilla
Keyword(s):  
Cocoa Butter ◽  
Market Structure ◽  
Dynamic Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Cocoa Beans ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Cocoa Powder ◽  
Cocoa Products ◽  
Comparative Advantages

Indonesia should focus on cocoa products that have the highest competitiveness in order to compete with other competitors in cocoa international trade. This research aimed to analyze Indonesia’s cocoa and cocoa preparations competitiveness. Data used in this research were secondary data. Research began with analyzed cocoa and cocoa preparations market structure. The result showed that the market structure of cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder (unsweetened) classified as an oligopoly, in the other hand cocoa beans classified as monopoly. RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) method showed that Indonesia had comparative advantages on cocoa beans, cocoa paste and cocoa butter (RCA>1). TSI (Trade Specialization Index) method showed that Indonesia had a tendency as a net exporter of cocoa beans, cocoa paste and cocoa butter. EPD (Export Products Dynamic) method showed that Indonesia had a high competitive advantages on cocoa beans, cocoa paste, cocoa butter and cocoa powder (unsweetened).

NILAI TAMBAH PENGOLAHAN KANGKUNG HIDROPONIK MENJADI KANGKUNG RENDANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Indrawaty Sitepu ◽  
Nurmely Violeta Sitorus
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
Rice Flour ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
A Value ◽  
Chicken Eggs

Kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang merupakan kegiatan yang dapat meningkatkan nilai tambah, menghasilkan produk yang dapat dikonsumsi, serta menambah pendapatan dan keuntungan produsen.Tujuan penelitian untuk menguraikan apa saja tahapan pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangukung rendang, menganalisis biaya produksi, penerimaan, dan pendapatan, menganalisis nilai tambah pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang, menganalisis apakah usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak diusahakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Jalan Bromo lorong Amal Medan Denai Kota Medan. Penentuan daerah penelitian dilakukan secara purposive, Metode pengambilan sampel secara sensus yaitu usaha Syifa Hidroponik dengan pengambilan data ulangan selama 2,5 bualan sebanyak 10 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian: 1) Tahapan  pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang yaitu:  Penyediaan bahan baku kangkung hidroponik, kangkung dihaluskan, pengadonan kangkung, telur ayam, tepung beras dan garam, kangkung dikukus, kangkung didinginkan, dipotong-potong, digoreng, pemasakan bumbu rendang, pencampuran kangkung yang digoreng dengan bumbu rendang dan pemasaran. Total biaya pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang untuk sekali produksi sebesar Rp 545.291,83, penerimaan sebesar Rp 1.500.000,00, per sekali produksi dan pendapatan sebesar Rp 954.708,17 per sekali produksi. Nilai tambah yang dihasilkan dari pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang tergolong tinggi dengan rasio nilai tambah 75,31% > 50%.Usaha pengolahan kangkung hidroponik menjadi kangkung rendang layak untuk diusahakan dengan nilai R/C rasio 2,75 > 1.  Abstract  Hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is an activity that can increase added value, produce edible products, as well as increase producer income and profits. The purpose of the research is to describe what are the stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang kangukung, analyze production costs, revenue, and income, analyze added value of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, analyzing whether the business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is worth the effort. This research was conducted in Jalan Bromo Amal Medan Denai alley Medan City. Determination of the study area was done purposively, census sampling method that is Syifa Hydroponic business with retrieval data retrieval for 2.5 boasting as many as 10 replications. The results of the study: 1) The stages of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach, namely: Provision of raw materials for hydroponic water spinach, crushed water spinach, stirring water spinach, chicken eggs, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach water spinach, cut into pieces, fried, fried spicy water spinach, cooking water spinach kale, chicken egg, rice flour and salt, steamed water spinach, water spinach kangkung cooled, cut, fried, cooking spices, rendang, mixing fried kale with spicy rendang and marketing. The total cost of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach for one production is Rp. 545,291.83, revenue is Rp. 1,500,000.00, per production and income is Rp. 954,708.17 per production. The added value generated from the processing of hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is classified as high with a value added ratio of 75.31%> 50%. The business of processing hydroponic water spinach into rendang water spinach is feasible to be cultivated with an R / C ratio of 2.75> 1.  

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