THE MILITARY DIMENSION OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION IN EU PROJECTS IN THE LATE XX – EARLY XXI CENTURIES

Experience and Peculiarities of Reconciliation of Contradictions between Germany and France

Problems of World History ◽

10.46869/2707-6776-2021-15-5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106-124

Author(s):

O. Mitrofanova

Keyword(s):

European Integration ◽

Historical Memory ◽

Social Programs ◽

Federal Republic Of Germany ◽

National Characteristics ◽

Global Goal ◽

The Individual ◽

The Military ◽

Theoretical Foundations

The article is devoted to the study of the experience and peculiarities of reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France. The positions of the Presidents of France and Chancellors of the Federal Republic of Germany regarding the theoretical foundations and practical steps of the implementation of French-German reconciliation are studied. This paper deals with the problem of Alsace-Lorraine, a region with a border identity, which repeatedly became the cause of Franco-German disputes and passed from one state to another. The role of the individual in overcoming the contradictions between Germany and France is highlighted. The factor of European integration is considered, which not only contributed to the reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France, but also turned the two states into leaders of a united Europe. The Elysee Treaty and its implementation were analyzed. The military cooperation between France and Germany is investigated. The problem of historical memory and the desire to reconcile the contradictions between Germany and France are revealed. It is proved that the experience and peculiarities of reconciliation of contradictions between Germany and France testify to the fact that the real reconciliation of the two leading states directed their efforts towards a more global goal – the creation of a common Europe. It was concluded that the mechanisms for achieving Franco-German reconciliation are interesting for studying and borrowing, taking into account national characteristics in the reconciliation of other European countries, and regions with borderline identities. The French-German experience may be useful for application in Polish-Ukrainian relations. The main conclusion from the analysis of the experience and the peculiarities of reconciling the contradictions between Germany and France is that their implementation led to unexpected and far-reaching consequences that once seemed just a dream. At the beginning of European integration in the 50s of the twentieth century, it was difficult to imagine the contemporary EU with its common currency, the Schengen area, developed economy, social programs. Franco-German reconciliation was transformed into the fruitful work of the Franco-German tandem, on the success of which depends not only the future of France and Germany, but the evolution of the entire united Europe.

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Formation of a Common Euro-atlantic Strategy of Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine: Tasks, Problems, Prospects

Eurasia. Expert ◽

10.18254/s271332140017006-3 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Natalia V. Eremina

Keyword(s):

European Integration ◽

The Political ◽

Economic Influence ◽

The Military ◽

The Eu ◽

Ordinary Citizens

The task of joining the EU and NATO has been officially announced in Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Therefore, in this case, we cannot talk about the competition of several integration projects in these countries. Moreover, Eurasian integration, in which Russia actively participates, is viewed by them as a factor of expansion and expansion of Russian political and economic influence. This exacerbates disputes about the prospects for European integration not only in the political establishment of these countries, but also among ordinary citizens who will finance the European aspirations of national elites. Cooperation with the EU and NATO is seen as a tool to overcome the possible "temptation of Eurasian integration" and the military superiority of Russia and its partners. At the same time, the question remains open - whether this desire corresponds to the positions of citizens or is an elite project. The purpose of the article is to analyze the grounds for uniting the efforts of Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine in promoting the idea of European integration and joining NATO, correlating them with the readiness of both the EU and NATO to admit the three post-Soviet countries into their ranks.

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The Determination of the Essence of the Readiness of Officers to Carry Out Language Training in Military Units of National Guard of Ukraine

Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University ◽

10.12958/2227-2844-2021-1(339)-1-91-104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (1 (339)) ◽

pp. 91-104

Author(s):

Volodymyr Honchar ◽

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

European Integration ◽

International Cooperation ◽

National Guard ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Language Training ◽

The Military ◽

Military Units ◽

And Training

The urgency of the article is due to the stable European integration aspirations of Ukraine, the participation of military formations of Ukraine in particular the National Guard of Ukraine in international cooperation, so the organization of language training in military units in modern conditions should become an integral part of professional development and training of officers in general. An analysis of scientific sources on the readiness of officers to conduct language training in military units of both the NGU and the Armed Forces revealed that this problem has not been studied and needs additional attention. The essence of the of the readiness of officers to carry out language training in the military units of NGU is revealed – this is the quality that is formed as a result of a set of measures for the formation of professional readiness for service and pedagogical activity which is formed by purposeful pedagogical influence for the formation of psychological readiness and the necessary competencies.

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The Unfinished History of European Integration

10.5117/9789462988149 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Wim Meurs ◽

Robin Bruin ◽

Liesbeth Grift ◽

Carla Hoetink ◽

Karin Leeuwen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

European Integration ◽

Theoretical Knowledge ◽

Southern Europe ◽

Refugee Crisis ◽

Master's Thesis ◽

History Of ◽

Joint Approach ◽

Crisis Call ◽

The Military ◽

The Eu

When the Treaty of Lisbon went into effect in December 2009, the event seemed to mark the beginning of a longer phase of institutional consolidation for the EU. Since 2010, however, the EU has faced multiple crises, which have rocked its foundations and deeply challenged the narrative of 'the end of the history of integration'. The military crisis in eastern Ukraine and the refugee crisis call for a joint approach, but in practice reveal the difficulty of maintaining even the appearance of European solidarity and political unanimity. The financial and socio-economic crisis in southern Europe and Brexit present the EU with the latest set of challenges. If seventy years of European integration have taught us anything, it is that fundamental crises as well as moments of rapid institutional change form integral parts of its history. The Unfinished History of European Integration presents the reader with historical and theoretical knowledge on which well-founded judgements can be based. This textbook on European integration history has been written as a student textbook for a bachelor's or master's programme in European integration history, as a manual for the analysis of EU sources and, finally, as an information resource for a bachelor's or master's thesis.

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France’s Military Importance for the European Union

International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION ◽

10.1515/kbo-2018-0026 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 180-184

Author(s):

Marius Pricopi ◽

Alexandru Ioan Motriuc

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

European Integration ◽

The European Union ◽

Case Study Method ◽

Historical Process ◽

Social Sphere ◽

Founding Member ◽

High Level ◽

The Military

Abstract A founding member of the European Union, France is nowadays still considered, alongside Germany, as one of the two „engines” of European integration. And this applies not only for the economic or social sphere, as France has also played a preeminent role in the historical process of European defence integration. Acknowledging the French contributions to the European defence project, in this paper we subject to analysis the military importance of France for the Union. Using the analysis of social documents and the case study method, we argue that this country’s high level of military integration in the European Union is not at all fortuitous, as is not due to impermanent favourable evolutions

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Democrazy—Dem Go Craze, O: Monitoring the 1999 Nigerian Elections

Issue A Journal of Opinion ◽

10.1017/s1548450500005862 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33

Author(s):

Darren Kew

Keyword(s):

Transition Program ◽

The Political ◽

High Stakes ◽

Political Class ◽

Soccer Match ◽

The Public ◽

The Military

In many respects, the least important part of the 1999 elections were the elections themselves. From the beginning of General Abdusalam Abubakar’s transition program in mid-1998, most Nigerians who were not part of the wealthy “political class” of elites—which is to say, most Nigerians— adopted their usual politically savvy perspective of siddon look (sit and look). They waited with cautious optimism to see what sort of new arrangement the military would allow the civilian politicians to struggle over, and what in turn the civilians would offer the public. No one had any illusions that anything but high-stakes bargaining within the military and the political class would determine the structures of power in the civilian government. Elections would influence this process to the extent that the crowd influences a soccer match.

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