scholarly journals The Sufi Jamaat «Ismail aga» in the Territory of the Volga Region: Appearance, Distribution, Social Attitude

Islamovedenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Suleymanov Rais Ravkatovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article deals with the investigation of religious revival processes, observed in the post-Soviet period. The process of religious revival took place among the Muslims on the territory of the Volga region, accompanied by the emergence of new religious movements of Islamic origin, many of which had their spiritual centers in the Middle East. It is stated that alongside the emergence of Salafi groups, recognized as extremist and terrorist or-ganizations in the 2000s, the followers of various Sufi jamaats from Turkey also appeared – Ismail Agha is supposed to be one of the most pronounced. The peak of its activity in the region begins with Kamil Samigullin’s coming to the post of Tatarstan mufti in 2013, belonging to this Sufi community. He begins to appoint Ismail Agha murids to the posts of imams and mukhtasibs, simultaneously expanding his influence outside Tatarstan, meeting some resistance, both from the Muslim clergy and from government agencies in charge of the religious sphere in the region. At the same time, the process of strengthening the influence of this particular Sufi brother-hood is taking place against the background of a general shift towards Sufism in the Middle Volga region: today different branches of the Naqshbandi Tariqa are represented in the region, and there are also groups of murids of the Qadiri and Shazili tariqas. Such a variety of Sufism in the Muslim Ummah of the Volga region is caused by the fact that different centers of its historical area (Turkey, Central Asia and the North Caucasus) exert influ-ence through their murids. At the same time, the Sufis themselves are in no hurry to openly advertise their pres-ence, largely due to the minimization of conflicts with the Salafists, whose influence in the Islamic Ummah of Tatarstan is noticeably preserved.

scholarly journals VARIETAL DIFFERENTIATION OF WINTER SOFT WHEAT BY MATURITY GROUPS IN THE FOREST-STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
N.N. Zakharova ◽  
◽  
N.G. Zakharov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growing Season ◽  
Soft Wheat ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Early Maturing ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Maturity Groups

In wheat selection, the earring period is a fairly reliable criterion for determining the ripeness group of the variety. The aim of the research was to determine the maturity groups of winter soft wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origin in the middle Volga forest-steppe. 18 varieties of winter soft wheat included in the State register of selection achievements for the middle Volga region of Russia were used for research in machine seeding.102 varieties originating from 11 countries were used in manual seeding. It is established that the intra-and intervariental change of the date of winter soft wheat earning is weak and moderate. The share of genotype (variety) influence in the variability of the duration of the growing season of winter soft wheat is 56.1 %, the year conditions-4.4 %, and the “genotype-year” interaction-36.5 %. Among the assortment of winter soft wheat of domestic selection, 54% of varieties showed themselves to be medium – ripe, 24% – medium-early, 10% - medium-late. The late-maturing, early-maturing, and ultra-early-maturing groups only included single varieties in certain years. Among the studied assortment of the world wheat collection late maturity had variety of Germany, the earliness and medium early– wheat of China, Japan, Bulgaria and the North Caucasus region of Russia, medium maturing varieties of the Siberian region of the country. Wheat of different groups of ripeness were represented by varieties of Ukraine. The ultra-early and late-maturing varieties of foreign selection selected in the study are valuable as a source material for the selection of soft wheat for the duration of the growing season in the middle Volga forest-steppe.

WINTER BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) : AGROBIOLOGICAL DESCRIPTION, ADAPTABILITY AND STABILITY OF ACCESSIONS IN THE NORTH OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.G. KHAKIMOVA ◽  
◽  
I.D. FADEEVA ◽  
I.N. GAZIZOV ◽  
O.P. MITROFANOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Research Institute

This publication presents the results of the study covering 136 winter bread wheat accessions from the VIR collection and 30 accessions from the working collection of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture, affiliated to Kazan Scientific Center of the RAS. Field testing was carried out in 2016–2019 in the fields of the Tatar Research Institute of Agriculture in the north of the Middle Volga Region. The accessions are described in the context of their useful agronomic characters, general and specific adaptability, and relative stability. The resulting data are of interest for plant breeders and wheat research experts.

scholarly journals PRO ET CONTRA: about the Research of B. A. Alborov “Ossetian Safa and the Jewish Sabaoth”

2020 ◽  
pp. 357-369
Author(s):  
S. G. Ktsoeva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The issue of Abrahamic borrowings in the ethnic religion of Ossetians (the only Iranian-speaking ethnic group in the North Caucasus, which is an ethnic descendant of Scythians-Sarmatians-Alans) is considered, which is a synthesis of monotheism and ancient polytheism. It has survived to this day and even survives a peculiar, renaissance in the post-Soviet period, which explains the relevance of the study. An analysis of the possible presence of Abrahamic reminiscences in the image, characteristics and functions of one of the subjects of the Ossetian ethno-religious pantheon - Safa is made. It is noted that this image is by far the most complex object in relation to both the identification of the theonym and the origin of the sacred subject itself, due to which there is no consensus in science on this issue. A historiographic analysis of scientific positions on the problem is carried out. An attempt to identify the sacred subject is made, and its main possible options are given. The author’s development of archival material - an unpublished article by B. A. Alborov on Safa is presented for the first time. One of the possible options for identifying theonym and characteristics of Safa - Arab-Islamic is introduced into the modern scientific discourse.

scholarly journals Islamic Activism in Trans-Kama Region: History and Modernity

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-56
Author(s):  
Roza Vagizovna Nurullina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
New Development ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
In Trans ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article examines the development of Islam in the Trans-Kama (Zakamsky) region of the Republic of Tatarstan. The region is characterized by the natural and geographical isolation from the center, economic uniqueness, specificity of the historical process and the formation of a distinct socio-cultural environment. On the one hand, this is an area of traditional agriculture with a sus-tained history of Islam development in а different confessional surrounding. On the other hand, new cities and monotowns with their marginality, the lack of spirituality and cultural bonds create a fa-vorable environment for the spread of new religious movements. The empirical basis of the article are the results of monitoring publications in the media and social networks of recent years (1,171 messages, 2016-2020) that refute the prevailing idea that the activity of Muslims in Trans-Kama region of Tatarstan in the post-Soviet period has an overall extremist orientation. The author con-cludes that, as a whole, the Muslim community of Trans-Kama region is capable to adequately per-ceive the reality, adapt to it and move to a new development level.

scholarly journals Source material for breeding winter bread wheat in the north of the Middle Volga region

2021 ◽  
Vol 181 (4) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
I. D. Fadeeva ◽  
I. N. Gazizov ◽  
A. G. Khakimov ◽  
O. P. Mitrofanova
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Winter Bread Wheat ◽  
Middle Volga

Background. Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), due to significant progress in breeding, has high potential of biological productivity, but its implementation is quite low. To change the situation for the better, it is necessary to increase the resistance of developed cultivars to unfavorable abiotic and biotic factors in the regions of its cultivation. To solve this problem, source material is required. The purpose of this research was to evaluate a set of winter wheat accessions from the VIR collection, and first of all, the newly introduced accessions, and the accessions from the working collection of Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences for variability of agronomic traits and stability under the conditions of the north of the Middle Volga region, and to identify sources promising for inclusion in the crossing programs.Materials and methods. A three-year field study of 166 winter bread wheat accessions was carried out. All accessions were assessed for their overwintering and plant and ear productivity traits using the methods developed by VIR and the State Variety Trials. The best accessions, or sources, were selected by comparing them with the reference cv. ‘Kazan 560’, taking into account the quantitative values of such indicators as “general adaptability” (ОАСi ), variance of “specific adaptability” (σ2САСi ) and “relative stability” (Sgi) for each accession according to A. V. Kilchevsky and L. V. Khotyleva.Results and conclusion. Descriptions of winter bread wheat accessions are presented in the context of their agronomic traits. Groups and subgroups of accessions with different trait variability levels were identified. Some accessions with stable levels of trait manifestation exceeded the reference in ear productivity. All of them are promising for wheat breeding programs. It is shown that the group of accessions “weakly changing” over the years of study differs from the group of “moderately/strongly changing” accessions in values of correlations between traits and the number of significant correlations. 

scholarly journals Some features of democratization of the state-political system in the Republics of the North Caucasus in the post-soviet period

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
M. M. Aibatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This article reveals the features and main trends of the process of democratization of the statepolitical system in the North Caucasus republics in the post-Soviet period. It is noted that the state-political systems of the North Caucasus republics are characterized by both democratic and authoritarian tendencies. The author emphasizes that in recent decades, the opportunities for democratic change of the political elite in the North Caucasus region have been significantly limited, which is primarily due to changes in legislation at the Russian and regional levels, primarily related to the actual abolition of direct national elections of heads of republics and municipalities. The national republics of the North Caucasus are characterized by a high concentration of power in the hands of top officials, which is due to the poorly established work of government bodies with appeals from citizens, the inefficiency of public chambers, the underdevelopment of the middle class, the unstructured civil society, and the lack of an effective multi-party system that can form a real opposition.

scholarly journals Life and Activities of Garifullah Ishan Gainullin (1894–1984)

Islamovedenie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-106
Author(s):  
Malikov Rashid Ilyazovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Volga Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Docu Ments ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Personal Photos ◽  
First Time

The article is the result of extensive research and generalization of available sources and literature that reflect the life and spiritual activities of Garifulla Ishan Gainullin – one of the most authoritative religious figures of the Middle Volga region of the Soviet period. He was the last Tatar Sheikh of the Naqshbandi tariqah, who was related to Dagestani Sheikh Bayazid Ishan Khairullin through Zainulla Ishan Rasulev. In his youth, he received a good theological educa-tion in a pre-revolutionary madrasah, passed many trials and overcame hardships of his time on his life's path. Despite the difficult situation in the country, he managed to gain additional reli-gious knowledge, spiritually improved himself and became an authoritative spiritual mentor (Ishan) in the Middle Volga region. Published for the first time are personal photos and docu-ments of Ishan, with some of them used in his biography. In Russian historiography, the person-ality of Garifulla Ishan Gainullin has not been studied in detail and many of its aspects are little known to general readers.

THE POST-SOVIET STATE AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ISLAM IN KABARDIN-BALKARIA

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
A.A. TATAROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Religious Actors ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Since the 1990s, the North Caucasus has experienced various conflicts between state and religious actors, sometimes with dreadful consequences. A comprehensive perspective on these outbursts of conflict is often constrained by the sole focus on the revival and internal dynamics of Islam in the post-Soviet period. The changes in the Russian state since the 2000s, which were in the nature of recentralization and strengthening of the state’s monopoly over violence and the state’s control over organizations, can be considered as an important factor influencing the legal existence of opposition groups or organizations. The case study of Kabardino-Balkaria, traditionally a stable republic of the North Caucasus, contributes to understandings of how the transformation of the state in Russia since the late 1990s influenced the development of religious conflict and the institutionalization of Islam.

scholarly journals The ear development time and yield of soft winter wheat in the forest steppe of the Middle Volga Region

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 00023
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Zakharova ◽  
Nikolai Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Soft Winter Wheat

The duration of the growing season is an important, adaptively significant indicator for any crop variety. In wheat breeding, a reliable criterion for determining the maturity group of a variety is the ear formation period. The purpose of the study was to determine the ear formation period of soft winter wheat varieties of various ecological and geographical origins in the conditions of the forest steppe of the Middle Volga region, and also to determine its effect on yield. Among the studied varieties of wheat from the world collection, German varieties were characterized by late ripeness, wheat from China, Japan, Bulgaria and the North Caucasus region of Russia by early ripeness and mid-ripeness, - varieties from the Siberian region of the country by mid-ripeness. Ukrainian cultivars were represented by wheat of different maturity groups. It has been found in the studies that under varying environmental conditions in different years early ripening, mid-early, mid-ripening and mid-late wheat can be highly productive. A well selected system of ripening varieties of soft winter wheat (65–70 % mid-ripening, 25 % mid-early and early-ripening, 5–10 % mid-late) will make it possible to use favorable environmental factors with great efficiency and withstand environmental stresses.

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