scholarly journals Some features of democratization of the state-political system in the Republics of the North Caucasus in the post-soviet period

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
M. M. Aibatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Post Soviet Period

This article reveals the features and main trends of the process of democratization of the statepolitical system in the North Caucasus republics in the post-Soviet period. It is noted that the state-political systems of the North Caucasus republics are characterized by both democratic and authoritarian tendencies. The author emphasizes that in recent decades, the opportunities for democratic change of the political elite in the North Caucasus region have been significantly limited, which is primarily due to changes in legislation at the Russian and regional levels, primarily related to the actual abolition of direct national elections of heads of republics and municipalities. The national republics of the North Caucasus are characterized by a high concentration of power in the hands of top officials, which is due to the poorly established work of government bodies with appeals from citizens, the inefficiency of public chambers, the underdevelopment of the middle class, the unstructured civil society, and the lack of an effective multi-party system that can form a real opposition.

scholarly journals INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF MULTIPARTY SYSTEMS IN THE REPUBLICS OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
M.M. Aibatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Party System ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Ruling Elite ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Party Institutionalization

The article analyzes the features of the formation of regional party systems in the republics of the North Caucasus since the advent of the multi-party system in modern Russia. It is noted that in the republican parliaments the influence of the institution of parties with the transition to the mandatory mixed system becomes stronger during the elections to regional legislative assemblies, which previously for the most part developed on a non-partisan basis. In the North Caucasus region, the process of party institutionalization took place rather quickly in the municipality, where the proportional system is very widespread. Inter-party agreements, or the dependence of the parties on the authorities, led to the establishment of compromise relations between the parties. In conclusion, it is concluded that the creation of the foundations of a multi-party system in the North Caucasus region is associated more with the diverse interests of elite clans and the flexible tactics of the ruling elite than with a clash of ideologies or social activity.

scholarly journals POLITICAL and LEGAL ACTIVITY of DEPUTIES of the NORTH CAUCASUS IN the STATE DUMA of the RUSSIAN EMPIRE in the EARLY twentieth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
M.M. Aybatov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Central Government ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
The Political ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Government

The article analyzes the political and legal activity of the deputies of the North Caucasus in the early XX century, during the formation and activity of the State Duma. It is noted that the tsarist administration, modernizing the state-political system of the country, could not ignore the multinational and multi-confessional nature of the Russian state and therefore tried to take into account these features of the Russian state-political system. The article concludes that the involvement of regional MPs in political and legal activities of the first legislature (State Duma) at the beginning of the XX century has allowed to bring to the attention of Central government authorities, the main problems of the North Caucasus region and provides a process for the integration of national and regional elites in the Russian political elite to pinpoint the positions of North Caucasian elites in the political space of the Russian state. But many legislative initiatives put forward by the deputies of the North Caucasus did not find support from the government authorities and their decisions were ostponed indefinitely

scholarly journals PRO ET CONTRA: about the Research of B. A. Alborov “Ossetian Safa and the Jewish Sabaoth”

2020 ◽  
pp. 357-369
Author(s):  
S. G. Ktsoeva
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Complex Object ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Image Characteristics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The issue of Abrahamic borrowings in the ethnic religion of Ossetians (the only Iranian-speaking ethnic group in the North Caucasus, which is an ethnic descendant of Scythians-Sarmatians-Alans) is considered, which is a synthesis of monotheism and ancient polytheism. It has survived to this day and even survives a peculiar, renaissance in the post-Soviet period, which explains the relevance of the study. An analysis of the possible presence of Abrahamic reminiscences in the image, characteristics and functions of one of the subjects of the Ossetian ethno-religious pantheon - Safa is made. It is noted that this image is by far the most complex object in relation to both the identification of the theonym and the origin of the sacred subject itself, due to which there is no consensus in science on this issue. A historiographic analysis of scientific positions on the problem is carried out. An attempt to identify the sacred subject is made, and its main possible options are given. The author’s development of archival material - an unpublished article by B. A. Alborov on Safa is presented for the first time. One of the possible options for identifying theonym and characteristics of Safa - Arab-Islamic is introduced into the modern scientific discourse.

scholarly journals Tolerance and Intolerance in the Language Consciousness of Modern Students

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-20
Author(s):  
Svetlana K. Bashieva ◽  
◽  
Ariuka I. Gelyaeva ◽  
Irina R. Tabaksoeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Conceptual System ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
A Value ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The One

The article is devoted to the study of tolerance and intolerance in the linguistic consciousness of modern student youth. The relevance of the problem is due to the increased attention to such a multi-ethnic, multi-confessional area as the North Caucasus region. The purpose of the study is to identify the degree of formation of tolerant consciousness of students born and raised in the post-Soviet period in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, in one of the polylingual subjects of the Russian Federation. In the article, tolerance is considered as a value significant in the life of society and ensuring positive interaction. Its semantic core in the linguistic consciousness of students, according to the quantitative and qualitative characteristics obtained, is made up of such associations as respect, tolerance, as well as the sets of unwritten moral and ethical standards of behavior such as namys, habze, adet, which integrate the complex of important, value-oriented components of universal human and national traditions. The work has been carried out on the basis of the receptive and free associative experiments data, which, on the one hand, verify the maintenance of dictionary definitions, and on the other – show verbal associative reactions representing rather deep understanding of the essence of the concepts ‘tolerance’ and ‘intolerance’ by the respondents. The latter demonstrates the fixedness in the above-mentioned concepts in the conceptual system of the student’s youth.

scholarly journals CINEMATOGRAPHY OF THE PEOPLES OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE 1960s – 1980s: HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT .

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
И.Т. ЦОРИЕВА ◽  
I.T. TSORIEVA
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The North ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Television Documentary ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 1960S

В статье на основе воспоминаний современников и архивных источников рассматри- вается история развития кинематографа в республиках Северного Кавказа в 1960-е — 1980-е гг. Подчеркивается, что создание телевизионного документального и игрового кино в регионе во многом было результатом национальной культурной политики. Вместе с тем, отмечается существенное влияние на становление киноискусства практики культурно- го патернализма, получившей распространение в среде местной политической элиты в изучаемый период, и значительный вклад руководителя Гостелерадио Северо-Осетинской АССР А. Т. Агузарова в создание региональной базы кинопроизводства на Северном Кавка- зе. Региональное киноискусство развивалось в рамках государственной программы «соци- ального заказа». Деятели кино решали конкретные задачи пропаганды советского образа жизни, воспитания людей в духе преданности социалистическим идеалам, патриотизма и интернационализма. Необходимость соблюдения идеологических, цензурных требований существенно ограничивала свободу творческого поиска, нередко приводила к схематизму, плакатности сюжетов и образов. Но в целом транслируемые северокавказским кинемато- графом гуманистические идеалы добра, справедливости, мирного сосуществования наро- дов перекликались с настроениями большинства многонационального населения региона и находили отклик в сердцах обычных людей. The article on the basis of the memories of the contemporaries and the archival data considers the history of the development of cinematography in the North Caucasus’ republics in the 1960s — 1980s. It highlights, that the creation of television documentary and feature films production in the region was largely a result of the national cultural policy. The practice of cultural paternalism common among political elite in the reviewed period had an essential impact on the development of cinematography, also of great significance was contribution of A. T. Aguzarov, then head of the State television and radio of North Ossetian ASSR, to the formation of a regional base of filmmaking in the North Caucasus. The regional film art was developed within the frame of the state program of «social request». Cinematography proponents solved definite tasks for propaganda of the Soviet way of life, of upbringing in the spirit of devotion to socialist ideals, patriotism and internationalism. The need to comply with ideological, censorial demands substantially limited the freedom of creative search, often led to schematism, «posterism» of subjects and images. However in general the humanistic ideas of goodness, fairness, peaceful coexistence of the peoples, transmitted by North Caucasian cinematography, resonated with the moods of the majority of the region’ multinational population and responded in the hearts of ordinary people.

Russia and the Peoples of the North Caucasus

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jeronim Perović
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
State Of Research

This chapter introduces the North Caucasus region and its peoples. It provides an overview of the state of research and historiographical controversies, presents the lead questions and theoretical and methodological approaches, and also explains the concept and content of the book.

scholarly journals The Sufi Jamaat «Ismail aga» in the Territory of the Volga Region: Appearance, Distribution, Social Attitude

Islamovedenie ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Suleymanov Rais Ravkatovich ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Movements ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
New Religious Movements ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Post Soviet Period

The article deals with the investigation of religious revival processes, observed in the post-Soviet period. The process of religious revival took place among the Muslims on the territory of the Volga region, accompanied by the emergence of new religious movements of Islamic origin, many of which had their spiritual centers in the Middle East. It is stated that alongside the emergence of Salafi groups, recognized as extremist and terrorist or-ganizations in the 2000s, the followers of various Sufi jamaats from Turkey also appeared – Ismail Agha is supposed to be one of the most pronounced. The peak of its activity in the region begins with Kamil Samigullin’s coming to the post of Tatarstan mufti in 2013, belonging to this Sufi community. He begins to appoint Ismail Agha murids to the posts of imams and mukhtasibs, simultaneously expanding his influence outside Tatarstan, meeting some resistance, both from the Muslim clergy and from government agencies in charge of the religious sphere in the region. At the same time, the process of strengthening the influence of this particular Sufi brother-hood is taking place against the background of a general shift towards Sufism in the Middle Volga region: today different branches of the Naqshbandi Tariqa are represented in the region, and there are also groups of murids of the Qadiri and Shazili tariqas. Such a variety of Sufism in the Muslim Ummah of the Volga region is caused by the fact that different centers of its historical area (Turkey, Central Asia and the North Caucasus) exert influ-ence through their murids. At the same time, the Sufis themselves are in no hurry to openly advertise their pres-ence, largely due to the minimization of conflicts with the Salafists, whose influence in the Islamic Ummah of Tatarstan is noticeably preserved.

THE POST-SOVIET STATE AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF ISLAM IN KABARDIN-BALKARIA

Kavkazologiya ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
A.A. TATAROV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Conflict ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Religious Actors ◽  
Post Soviet Period

Since the 1990s, the North Caucasus has experienced various conflicts between state and religious actors, sometimes with dreadful consequences. A comprehensive perspective on these outbursts of conflict is often constrained by the sole focus on the revival and internal dynamics of Islam in the post-Soviet period. The changes in the Russian state since the 2000s, which were in the nature of recentralization and strengthening of the state’s monopoly over violence and the state’s control over organizations, can be considered as an important factor influencing the legal existence of opposition groups or organizations. The case study of Kabardino-Balkaria, traditionally a stable republic of the North Caucasus, contributes to understandings of how the transformation of the state in Russia since the late 1990s influenced the development of religious conflict and the institutionalization of Islam.

scholarly journals Russian policy towards the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict (1991 - 2008)

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Александр Стефанович Иващенко
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Political Elite ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
The North ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
The Right

Дезинтеграция гигантского по численности населения и территории, полиэтничного и поликонфессионального государства, каким был Советский Союз, изначально не могла пройти безболезненно и без потерь. Национальным политическим элитам бывших советских союзных республик, в целом благодаря выдержке и политической дальновидности, удалось избежать «кровавого развода» по «югославскому сценарию». Однако полностью предотвратить жёсткий конфликт интересов, переросший, к сожалению, в военные столкновения на постсоветском пространстве, не удалось. К Нагорному Карабаху, Приднестровью, Абхазии, Южной Осетии, ставшими «точками напряжения» на территории бывшего Советского Союза ещё в 90-е гг. ХХ в., во втором десятилетии ХХI столетия прибавился Донбасс. В статье предпринята попытка проанализировать мотивы и содержание политико-дипломатических действий России по отношению к развитию грузино-абхазского конфликта в постсоветский период и их последствия для Грузии и Абхазии. Автор вскрывает перипетии внутриполитической борьбы в российской политической элите в 90-е гг. ХХ в. при выработке политики Москвы по отношению к грузино-абхазскому конфликту. Затрагивается острая проблема совместимости принципа территориальной целостности полиэтничного государства с принципом права народов на самоопределение, вплоть до полного отделения. Поддержав Абхазию в конфликте с Грузией, Москва укрепила свой авторитет среди северокавказских народов, но ценой потери добрососедских отношений с Грузией. The disintegration of a large population and territory, multi-ethnic and multi-confessional state, as the Soviet Union was, could not initially go painlessly and without loss. The national political elites of the former Soviet Union republics, in general, thanks to endurance and political foresight, managed to avoid a "bloody divorce" like the "Yugoslav scenario". However, it was not possible to completely prevent a severe conflict of interest, which, unfortunately, grew into military clashes in the post-Soviet space. In the second decade of the 21st century, Donbass was added to Nagorno-Karabakh, Transnistria, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, which became "points of tension" in the territory of the former Soviet Union back in the 1990s. The paper attempts to analyze the motives and content of Russia's political and diplomatic actions in relation to the development of the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict in the post-Soviet period, and their consequences for Georgia and Abkhazia. The author reveals the vicissitudes of internal political struggle in the Russian political elite in the 1990s when developing Moscow's policy towards the Georgian-Abkhaz conflict. The publication raises the urgent problem of the compatibility of the principle of the territorial integrity of a multi-ethnic State with the principle of the right of peoples to self-determination, up to and including full secession. By supporting Abkhazia in the conflict with Georgia, Moscow strengthened its authority among the North Caucasus peoples, but at the cost of losing good-neighborly relations with Georgia.

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