Hypolipidemic Effect of EthanolicExtract of Cyperus esculentumis in TritonWR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
E Ubhenin
Keyword(s):  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Hypolipidemic Agents ◽  
Triton Wr 1339

Currently, there has been an observed interest in phytochemicals as a new hypolipidemic agents to replace synthetic toxic hypolipidemic drugs. The investigation was carried out to evaluate the hypolipidemic effects of ethanolicextract of Cyperus esculentumis in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The ethanolic extract of the plant was administered orally to rats at the doses of 300,400 and 600mg/kg body weight for a period of twenty nine days in accordance with the Ethical committee on experimental animals. Hyperlipidemia was developed by interaperitoneal injection of Triton at a dose 250mg/kg b.wt. to wistar rats . Intraperitoneal injection of Triton WR-1339 at a dose of 250mg/kg to rats resulted in the increase in serum triglyceride, total cholesterol , low density and very low density lipoproteins cholesterol accompanied by reduction in the high density lipoprotein cholesterol .The histopathological examination also revealed that there were remarkable histopathological changes in the aorta and artery of rats induced with Triton WR-1339 . The damages were manifested as ulceration and stenosis .Pretreatment with the ethanolic tuber extract of Cyperus esculentumis led to significant reduction of TC, TG, LDL and VLDL cholesterol in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats as compared to the control. There was also an increased in HDL-cholesterol and attenuation of histopathological damages. Among the different doses administered, only 600 mg/kg exhited statistical significant effects. Other doses 300 and 400mg/kg showed mild toxicity. This finding suggests that the cholesterol-lowering effect of Cyperus esculentumis may be due to the enhancement of LDL-C metabolism which might be attributed to the presence of the valuable phytochemicals in the extract.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Lipid Lowering Effect of Milk Thistle (Silybum Marianum) in Comparison with Rosuvastatin in Rats by Using Ace-alera® Analyzer

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Therapeutic Protocols

Dyslipidemia is a metabolic disorder that is characterized with an elevation in the cholesterol serum levels that can be treated with various hypolipidemic drugs like rosuvastatin. The present study was undertaken to determine and evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of milk thistle seeds extract in comparison with rosuvastatin and the combination of both for the treatment of dyslipidemia in rats. Also its effect on blood glucose levels on experimentally induced dyslipidemic rats. In vivo studies were conducted on wister albino laboratory rats, in which 49 rats were induced to be dyslipidemic by a daily intragastric administration of cholesterol (2 g/kg). The induction of dyslipidemia was evaluated by comparing these rats with a negative control group that was composed of 10 healthy rats. Then, after one month dyslipidemia was induced in 49 rats that were divided into 6 groups, as the following; positive control group (n=9) received cholesterol (2 g/kg) for another one month, and the other five groups each of 8 rats continued to receive cholesterol (2 g/kg) for one month along with therapy as; rosuvastatin low dose (RL) group received 10 mg/kg, rosuvastatin high dose (RH) group received 20 mg/kg, milk thistle (MT) group received 7.15 mg/kg, (RL+MT) group received a combination of 10 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle, and (RH+MT) group received a combination of 20 mg/kg of rosuvastatin and 7.15 mg/kg of milk thistle. The statistical results of biochemical analysis showed that all the studied therapeutic protocols whether given alone; RL, RH, and MT or in a combination; RL+MT and RH+MT led to a significant (p≤0.05) hypolipidemic effect that reduced the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and increased the high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. In conclusion, all therapeutic protocols were effective in treating dyslipidemia, as they all reduced the TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL, and increased the HDL cholesterol significantly (p≤0.05). Furthermore, we found that milk thistle can be used in the management of dyslipidemia, as it has a hypolipidemic effect. Also, the addition of milk thistle to rosuvastatin therapy reduced the risk of developing diabetes mellitus (DM), as it has a glucose modulating activity either when it was given alone or in combination with rosuvastatin. Moreover, the combination of milk thistle and rosuvastatin was of a great benefit, as it gave an intensive goal of therapy than each one alone in altering all lipid profile parameters.

Studies of a Variant Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein with an Acquired Deficiency of Apolipoprotein C-II

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. D. Reckless ◽  
J. Stocks ◽  
G. Holdsworth ◽  
D. J. Galton ◽  
A. J. Suggett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Myeloma Protein ◽  
Apolipoprotein C

1. A variant very-low-density lipoprotein was associated with severe hypertriglyceridaemia. Urea—polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the tetramethylurea-soluble apolipoproteins of these very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL) showed that the apolipoprotein C-II content was less than 10% of that in VLDL from hypertriglyceridaemic (3–120 mmol/l) controls. 2. VLDL were incubated with bovine milk lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and a 9,10-3H-labelled triglyceride emulsion. The VLDL deficient in apolipoprotein C-II were a poor activator of LPL, compared with the effect of VLDL with normal content of apolipoprotein C-II obtained from either normal or hypertriglyceridaemic sera. 3. The efficacies of various VLDL as substrates for activated LPL were examined. Apolipoprotein C-II-deficient VLDL were a poor substrate for the activated enzyme compared with normal or hypertriglyceridaemic VLDL, and compared with an artificial triglyceride emulsion. 4. The abnormal VLDL were obtained from a subject with an IgG3 lambda myeloma protein. Intravenous infusion of normal plasma containing apolipoprotein C-II was followed by rapid, complete, but short-lived (5–10 days) clearance of serum triglyceride. The effect was observed on three occasions until treatment of the myeloma was effective. 5. The monoclonal protein behaved as a cryoglobulin, and formed large particle complexes with triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, especially at temperatures below 37°C. The apolipoprotein C-II deficiency, and consequent hypertriglyceridaemia, may be secondary to an autoantibody directed against apolipoprotein C-II. VLDL from relatives with hypertriglyceridaemia, but without myeloma, had normal apolipoprotein content, activated LPL, and were efficient substrates for the enzyme.

Triglyceride Management in Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

2005 ◽  
Vol 00 (01) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Michael Miller
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Ldl Particles

Elevated triglycerides are now considered an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD), even apart from elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. While the primary lipid target for CHD risk management remains LDL cholesterol, the treatment of elevated triglycerides is now also recommended. Elevated triglycerides are believed to increase cardiovascular risk because certain triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, called remnant lipoproteins (partially degraded chylomicrons and very-low density lipoproteins (VLDL)), are atherogenic. Hypertri-glyceridemia, together with low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and an increased prevalence of small, dense LDL particles, comprise a triad of lipid risk factors known as atherogenic dyslipidemia.The significance of hypertriglyceridemia as a cardiovascular risk factor is further highlighted by its inclusion as a component of the metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, related to insulin resistance. The other criteria for metabolic syndrome include low HDL cholesterol, central obesity, elevated blood pressure, and abnormal fasting glucose. The metabolic syndrome is recognized as a major risk factor not only for premature CHD but also for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Protective effect of Psidium guajava leaf ethanolic extract against streptozotocin-induced diabetes and lipidosis in rats

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Manikandan ◽  
A. Vijaya Anand ◽  
P. Sampathkumar ◽  
N. Manoharan
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Pancreatic Tissue ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Standard Drug

This study was conducted to find out the anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic potential of ethanolic extract of Psidium guajava Linn leaves and its one of the important compound of caryophyllene in a streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. The rats were divided into eight groups. Diabetes was induced by STZ at a dosage of 60 mg/kg b.w. The various dosages of extract (100, 200, 300 mg/kg b.w), caryophyllene (300 mg/kg b.w) were injected and glibenclamide (3 mg/kg b.w) is used as a standard drug. After the treatment of the extract and caryophyllene the levels of blood glucose, HbA1c, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bis phosphatase, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL) were determined. Pancreatic tissue changes were noticed in all the groups. The present study showed that there was a significant reduction in blood glucose, HbA1c, glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bis phosphatase, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL and the enhancement was noticed in the level of insulin, glucokinase and HDL. Pancreas was damaged in diabetic induced rats and it altered to normal size and shape in the plant extract treated and caryophyllene treated groups. The results proved that the STZ induced diabetic rat models had revealed anti-diabetic and hypolipidemic effect treated with ethanolic leaf extract of P. guajava and caryophyllene.

scholarly journals Hypolipidemic Effect of Trixis angustifolia Aqueous Extract on Triton WR-1339- and High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1986421
Author(s):  
Anuar Salazar-Gómez ◽  
Anahí C. Sánchez-Chávez ◽  
Gerardo Zepeda-Vallejo ◽  
Germán Chamorro-Cevallos ◽  
Leticia Garduño-Siciliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Low Density ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Triton Wr 1339

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypolipidemic effect of Trixis angustifolia aqueous extract (TxAE) on Triton WR-1339- and high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic mice. In the Triton model, treatment with TxAE at 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight produced a significant decrease in triglycerides and very low-density lipoprotein levels and a significant increase in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Similarly, administration of TxAE along with the high-fat diet induced a significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins, and increase in HDL. In addition, a phytochemical study of TxAE led to the isolation of 2 previously described compounds: pebrellin and xanthomicrol. This is the first time that these compounds have been identified in a plant extract with hypolipidemic effect. The results suggest the possible therapeutic potential of TxAE as a hypolipidemic agent supporting the usage of T. angustifolia as a traditional medicine.

Hypolipidemic Effect ofGlycine tomentellaRoot Extract in Hamsters

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (01) ◽  
pp. 57-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-Jen Ko ◽  
Yueh-Wern Wu ◽  
Wen-Chuan Lin
Keyword(s):  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
High Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Glycine Tomentella ◽  
Triglyceride Content

The influence of the aqueous crude extract of Glycine tomentella root (Leguminosae) on lipid metabolism was investigated in hyperlipidemic hamsters. It was found that the administration of the G. tomentella extract (GTE) leads to a decrease of high serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels induced by high-fat diet. The GTE also increased serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and decreased serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. The reduction of serum triglyceride levels was accompanied by a significant decrease in the hepatic triglyceride content, while the cholesterol content was not changed. The results indicate that GTE is definitely an anti-hyperlipidemic agent, at least, in animals.

scholarly journals Calculated Non-HDL Cholesterol Includes Cholesterol in Larger Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins in Hypertriglyceridemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy J Sun ◽  
Christopher McCudden ◽  
Diane Brisson ◽  
Julie Shaw ◽  
Daniel Gaudet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Triglyceride ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Patient Cohort ◽  
Lipid Clinic ◽  
Remnant Lipoproteins

Abstract Context Calculated non–high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (non-HDLC) should selectively include cholesterol from atherogenic lipoproteins to be a reliable risk marker of cardiovascular disease. In hypertriglyceridemia (HTG), there is increased abundance of larger and less atherogenic triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRL), namely, larger very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and chylomicrons. Objective We aim to demonstrate that serum triglyceride (TG) level has a substantial impact on non-HDLC’s ability to represent cholesterol from atherogenic lipoproteins, even though TG is not part of the calculation for non-HDLC. Design Analysis of lipid profile data Settings Lipid Clinic patient cohort, and Biochemistry Laboratory patient cohort Patients or Other Participants 7,492 patients in the Lipid Clinic cohort with baseline lipid profiles documented prior to starting lipid-lowering medications and 156,311 lipid profiles from The Ottawa Hospital Biochemistry Laboratory cohort. Intervention None Main Outcome Measure Our modeling process includes derivation of TG-interval–specific lipoprotein composition factor (LCF) for TRL, which represents the mass ratio of cholesterol to TG in TRL. A high LCF indicates that the TRLs are mainly the cholesterol-rich atherogenic remnant lipoproteins. A low LCF indicates that the TRLs are mainly the TG-rich larger VLDL and chylomicrons. Results As serum TG increases, there is progressive decline in the LCF for TRL, which indicates that the calculated non-HDLC level reflects progressive inclusion of cholesterol from larger TRL. This is shown in both cohorts. Conclusions Calculated non-HDLC is influenced by TG level. As TG increases, non-HDLC gradually includes more cholesterol from larger TRL, which are less atherogenic than LDL and remnant lipoproteins.

Withania Somnifera: Correlation of Phytoconstituents with Hypolipidemic and Cardioprotective Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-21
Author(s):  
Subasini Uthirapathy ◽  
Tara F. Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Withania Somnifera ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Triton Wr 1339

Withania somnifera (WS) (Dunal) or Ashwagandha is a well-known hypolipidemic herb and antioxidant. In this study, 75% ethanolic extract of WS is attempted to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity and hypolipidemic activity in Triton WR 1339-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, phytochemical evaluation of the same extracts analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). This study found that 7 days of therapy with WS extracts at 1000 mg/kg b.wt. reduced cholesterol by 76%, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by 71%, and TAG by 12% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it can significantly reduce cholesterol and LDL levels (P < 0.05). Similarly, the use of 50 mg/kg b.wt. of WS extract showed a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxic rats. The antioxidants glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase are increased in WS extract (P < 0.05), whereas the release of cardiac indicators in heart tissue is reduced (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a 30-day treatment with WS also reduced triacylglycerol in isoprenaline-induced cardiotoxic rats. GC–MS analysis of the methanol fraction of the Ashwagandha 70% ethanolic extract showed the presence of higher concentrations of fatty acids. In conclusion, WS showed hypolipidemic and cardioprotective activities in diseased animals induced by isoproterenol and Triton WR 1339.

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Tannins Extracted from Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ajebli ◽  
Fadwa El Ouady ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Background and Objective: Warionia saharae Benth & Coss, a plant belonging to Asteraceae family, is used for its anti-diabetic properties in Morocco. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tannins extracted from Warionia saharae (W. saharae) on blood glucose levels and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Tannins (TE) were extracted from W. saharae using Soxhlet apparatus and different organic solvents. Single and once daily repeated oral administration of TE (10 mg/kg) for 15 days were used to evaluate the glucose and lipid-lowering activity in normal and diabetic rats. Furthermore, glucose test tolerance, liver histopathological examination and in vitro antioxidant activity of TE were carried out in this study. Results: The results showed that TE was able to exert antihyperglycemic and lowering total cholesterol effects as well as improvement of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol serum level after 15 days of treatment. Furthermore, TE improved glucose tolerance, histopathological status of liver in diabetic rats and demonstrated interesting antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present investigation revealed that TE possesses potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities as claimed in different ethnopharmacological practices.

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